Constitutional Basis For Public Health Action

Public health is the measures taken by the government to prevent ill health and disease. The government monitor health so that they can develop different programmes and legislation to improve the health and well being of the people in the country. They do this by attempting to solve inequalities, so that all people not matter what are able to live a healthy life. There are eight policies to improve today's public health, these are; planning for health

With health risks on the rise, and people getting careless, a change needs to take place. Our society is built upon freedom, but in some cases that freedom needs to be restricted. A simple choice throughout someone's day can affect the health of everyone around them. Even though freedom is one of the most important things in life, the public health has a wide outcome that could affect the rest of the world. Public health should be put before freedom because it affects more than one person, determines the generations to come, and this is what laws are based upon..

Public health has the interests of the public at its core. According to the Department of Health (DoH) (2012) Public health is concerned with prevention and therefore encourages people to ‘stay healthy’ and ‘avoid getting ill’.

Along the same idea, the justices also stated that the rights of the people are only applicable when they go along with the common good. Jacobson was attempting to exercise his rights that could have led to potential harm to others. The Court also stated in the ruling that the common good “applies to the right of society to protect itself from epidemics and that legislative bodies have authority to choose the means toward that end” (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, n.d.). The final statement in the ruling of Jacobson v. Massachusetts was that the police power had to adhere to four standards to determine if the 14th amendment is void when it comes to the good of public health. First, the issue, which in this case was vaccination, has to be a necessary measure to aid officials in stopping a disease outbreak. Second, the issue has to be reasonable and lead to desirable results. The third standard is whatever the public health officials propose, the benefit must outweigh the hassle to citizens. And finally, the issue should follow the ethical principle of nonmaleficence and should not cause harm to anyone.

Public health is "the science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life and promoting health through the organized efforts and informed choices of society, organizations, public and private, communities and individuals" (1920, C.E.A. Winslow). This therefore infers public health is the preventing and controlling of disease within communities, to prolong life and promote health through organised society. The keys aspects of public health …

Also, Public Health concerned on entire populations’ health, there no specify that force on, but these populations can be as small as a local neighborhood, or as huge as an entries country or region of the world. Which means basically that Public health protects and promotes health care to people in community by work with other partners around the worlds like Monitor health, detect and investigate health problems, research conduct to enhance preventions, develop and advocate public health policies, implement prevention strategies, and promote healthy behaviors. For example, some public heath concept are Community partnerships, develop policies, and link people to needed services. How they work is? Community partnerships will provide facilitate and emergency preparedness for their people. Develop policies create some laws and regulations how to run the public heath department run and how they can develop it further beyond the world. Link people to needed services like community health centers, clinics, and effective care for socially disadvantaged people. All in all, in public heath concept works together, try to safe and help people in community from

Prior to the Child Protection Act of 1984, which made the purchase of child pornography illegal, Keith Jacobson of Nebraska, ordered child pornography from a bookstore. At the time of the transaction, the purchase was legal under both state and federal laws. Following the establishment of the Child Protection Act, Jacobson’s name was noted on a mailing list form the bookstore where he made the purchase. The discovery of his name led to Government agencies and “pen pals” mailing Jacobson as a way to explore if he would break the law. The efforts began in 1985 and persisted for two and a half years. The mailings consisted of various questionnaires, and literature on the legalization of child pornography. One of the letters supplied Jacobson with a list of “pen pals” that had similar responses to the questionnaires; however, Jacobson did not initiate any contact with them. Following his failure to contact any of the names provided, the Government began to commence communication. Jacobson began to receive letters from these fictitious pen pals but stopped responding after only a couple of them. Government agencies also supplied Jacobson with various brochures advertising pornography of young males. After repeated efforts, Jacobson made the decision to make a purchase. He was arrested upon its delivery.

For this circumstance, William Marbury, a Federalist and a "midnight game plan" of President John Adams, did not get his reward from the new Secretary of State under Thomas Jefferson, James Madison. All around, the outcome of Marbury versus Madison was a great deal more huge than anybody in 1803 would have thought. Marbury asked for that the Supreme Court issue a "writ of mandamus" obliging Madison to pass on his reward.

There are two main ways genetic testing places a constraint on a child’s right to an open future. The first of these is that the revelation of a child’s disease status can change his life narrative and the way parents and others treat him, and substantially alter his or her life’s trajectory (Davis _____). Parents may feel guilty or shelter their not-yet-sick

Public health means so many things, in the past it was called “health for the poor”, “washing your hands”, and taking care of “vulnerable populations” (Riegelman & Kirkwood, 2015 p. 4). In essence those are good definitions, but it is more than that definitions, public health is considered a

History shows that preservation of public health has been the primary responsibility of state and local governments. All 50 states have the authority to pass laws relevant to the protection of public

5. No. The Supreme Court does not have original jurisdiction to issue writs of mandamus.

The Constitution distribute public health powers into two categories the federal government and the states (Gostin, 2000). The Federal government, when it comes to public health have the control over taxing, spending, and regulating the activity of buying. Federal public health powers include the authority to tax, spend, and regulate interstate commerce. This control allows the Federal government to gain access to more money, distribute materials, resources, and to continue catch the public's interest (Gostin, 2000). Each individual State have taken on some of this public health power. For example, to help protect, maintain, and promote the health, safety, morals, and general welfare of the people (Gostin, 2000). Public

According to the article " Public Health Strategies and the Police Powers of the State" Jorge.E.G et.al suggested about rebalance between public vs. private rights as an "An individual must give up some personal freedom in exchange for the benefits of being in a civilized society"

Public health is a huge umbrella term that represent population and within that population is a community. Its primary focus is on population and prevention of diseases and creating healthy communities nationally. It incorporates social, physical, and cultural environments to assist people and their communities (Public Health and Medicine, 2016).