James Watson and his Contributions DNA and Genetics

Francis Crick: He does the same research with Watson, they are both teammates. He is also eager to know what is in DNA and the relationship of it with the double-helix.

In James Watson’s The Double Helix, there are four main scientists that all work towards the discovery of the double helix. These four people discovered the double helix and forever changed biology. Their names are James D. Watson, Francis Crick, Rosalind Franklin, and Maurice Wilkins. The winners of the Nobel prize in real life were James D. Watson, Francis Crick, and Maurice Wilkins. Rosalind was ineligible to receive the reward because she died prior to the award being given. As the Nobel prize committee I choose James D. Watson to win the Nobel Prize. There was no doubt that Watson was the most important person towards the discovery of the double helix.

The discovery of deoxyribonucleic acid, more commonly known as DNA, has been the foundation for much scientific work. This fundamental discovery was credited to James Watson and Francis Crick. Many people believe that another person, Rosalind Franklin, also played a large role in the research. How much did she contribute to the discovery? Why is her name left unrecognized? This paper will discuss her part in the search and whether her name should appear next to Watson's and Crick's as the co-discoverer of DNA.

Over the course of the modern age, the human body was still a mystery waiting to be solved. The body contains secrets one can only hope to discover. Over the twentieth century, scientists tried to understand one of the most complex concepts in the biological field. DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) was at the forefront of research. Several theories claimed to have solved the structural concept of DNA. However, it was not until Francis Crick and James D. Watson discovered the true structure, the double helix. However, many potential models of DNA had passed through the biology field until eventual lose of credibility. The past models would contain a fixed detail that would make the entire concept invalid. In James D. Watson book, The Double Helix, he illustrates his path amid incorrect theories until he reaches the model that is taught around the world today.

2. What role did James Watson & Francis Crick play in our understanding of DNA’s structure? They discovered the 3D structure.

James Dewey Watson was born on April 6, 1927, in Chicago Illinois. In all of Watson's childhood, he stayed in Chicago. In James early years, he attended an elementary school called Horace Mann Grammar School. One of James’s favorite hobbies was studying birds, and watching birds fly by. After Elementary school, Watson went to a high school called south shore high school in Chicago. After going to high school for two years, he received a tuition scholarship to the university of Chicago. Then in the summer of 1943 Watson entered the university of Chicago's experimental four year college. At a young age until his adult years James Watson always dreamed of being a “hero”. Then, in 1947, James Watson earned a B.Sc. degree in Zoology.

James Watson is an extremely famous molecular biologist, zoologist and geneticist. He is best known for his co- discovery of DNA with fellow scientists Rosalind Franklin and Francis Crick.

The discovery of DNA consisted of one person, and three teams, and many people felt the credit was given unfairly, which caused controversy to who should've really deserved credit. Crick, and Watson were given credit, but a major part of their success came from the others. Wilkins created the camera that would've later revealed the shape of DNA, and got credit, which he should, but other people felt his partner Franklin should've gotten credit, however, without Wilkins she would've never got far. Pauling didn't do much, and a man named Chargaff discovered the bases of DNA, which contributed to Crick, and Watson's achievement. I believe Wilkins, and Chargaff deserved credit since Wilkins created the camera that would've revealed the structure

Also he helped with mapping cancer to help people or warn others, so they will be able to find if they have it. James helped out everyone on this planet and those who are sick or are sick but don’t know it. To be recognized in the scientific community you have to do something amazing. Crick and James Watson's first look toward taking in the structure of DNA missed the goal, but their second look took place in the spring 1953 and brought about the match of the ladder helical look. Which takes after a stepping stool. Their model added how the DNA particle could copy itself. Watson and Crick had looked the work of English scientist Rosalind Franklin, a partner of Maurice Wilkins' at King's College London, to land at their noteworthy disclosure, notwithstanding, her commitment to their discoveries would go generally unrecognized until after her she died. Franklin had made a few unpublished working papers talking about the basic characteristics of DNA, and with her understudy Raymond Gosling had taken a X-ray diffraction picture of DNA, known as Photo 51, which would get to be urgent proof in recognizing the structure of

James D Watson was a brilliant scientist who made important discoveries about the structure of DNA and genealogy. James was very intelligent from the beginning. He graduated from high school at the age of 15 and immediately after he enrolled at the University of Chicago. One of his teachers from Chicago said that Watson “must have been very keen”. He said this because he had given him 2 A’s, and “I don’t give very many A’s.” The famous biologist Paul, Weiss, who was James Watson’s instructor, said “Watson never took any notes in class, yet he came out top of the class at the end of the semester. “

George Beadle was a very known and interesting biologist that helped the advancement of genetic science. He won the noble prize for his works, and was recognized as a very successful geneticist. His plan was to mutate nerve spores, and his success didn’t come until the 299th culture. His perseverance and dedication to science led him to advancement in genetic science. George Beadle lived a long and successful life.

Watson had a great impact on the field of science as he and his partner won the Nobel Prize in Medicine, they were the first to publish a journal about the structure of DNA. The DNA theory has had a significant impact on society as it offers the scientific community the ability to identify

While he was researching, he began to study genes. It was thought at that time period that genes were made out of proteins and were able to duplicate themselves, hence the passing on of genes. DNA was considered nothing but a structural support for the proteins. But Watson was not sure of this. Watson read about the Avery-MacLeod-McCarty experiment, conducted by the people in the title, which implied that DNA was the genetic molecule. Watson later went to Copenhagen University for one year of postdoctoral research. At the university, biochemist Herman Kalckar wanted to use bacteriophages as an experimental system to study the synthesis of nucleic acids. Watson, on the other hand, wanted to see what was the structure of DNA. After some inconclusive experiments, he went to Italy. At Italy, Maurice Wilkins was giving a lecture about his X-ray diffraction of DNA. Afterward, Watson was now determined to find DNA's molecular structure. In 1951, Watson went to England at the Stazione Zoologica 'Anton Dohrn' in Naples to perform X-ray diffraction experiments. On 1953, using data from his experiments and other peoples' (some without

1953, Watson and Crick discovered one of the biggest mysteries of the human body; the DNA

Rosalind Franklin’s work on DNA was crucial in discovering the composition of the human body as a whole. Her x-ray photo revealed a double helix structure and she also discovered the A and B form of DNA. She worked through the adversity of being a female in a predominately male dominated realm and made remarkable findings that were eventually stolen. She adapted to a new lab with antiquated technology. Before this discovery, the structure of DNA was thought to be simple. Scientist, Watson and Crick, started with the wrong structure of DNA from a misinterpretation of notes from one of Franklin’s presentations. Unlike Watson and Crick, Rosalind Franklin could explain DNA and how it worked.