Jammu And Kashmir Conflict

Disputes over land seem to be a catalyst for almost every hostility and war since the dawn of time. The addition of politics and religion into the matter only serves to aggravate an already tense situation. Kashmir knows this all too well. The conflict between Hindus and Muslims seems to be an ever reoccurring battle. This is also evidenced in population battles. Hindus make up the social majority of the population of India by almost eighty percent. Feelings of tension and uneasiness are a natural reaction to being dominated by a majority and are a problem unto itself.

The partition of India in 1948 led to one of the largest mass migration movements in the world. The successful attainment of independence from colonial rule is also a narrative of religious nationalism, displacement and communal violence between the two nation states of India and Pakistan or more definitively the Muslims and Hindus. In Urvashi Butalia’s (2000, pp.264-300) “The Other Side of Silence” the oral testimony of Maya Rani, a Punjabi woman who was a child living in Pakistan during the Partition is particularly important to the histiography surrounding the event as it is told from a different perspective by a person not

Kashmir is conflict territory after the partition of India and Pakistan. Conflict is not only between India and Pakistan but also India and the religious militants. Religious Militants are conducting a jihad to govern by the religious law. Historically, Kashmir included Sufis Muslim not orthodox Muslim. Numerous international events had influenced in the growth of Islamic fundamentalism in Kashmir. Jihad is not originally from Kashmir but they are foreign militancy bought during the end of the Soviet –Afghanistan War. Additionally, they are trained in Afghanistan and Pakistan. Pakistan Inter service Intelligence helped them to incorporate into organized militant groups. Pakistan helped Jihad group with full moral,

The Partition of India in August, 1947 was a significant event in history that accounted for the separation of one of the world’s oldest civilization into two, independent nations – Pakistan and India. Like many other wars in history, The Partition of India was instigated by religious, political and social conflict. This resulted in violence, discrimination and the largest human displacement in contemporary history. While the Partition was well-studied, much of our understanding was focused on the political side of history, not the human side of it. This was why oral history played an important role in manifesting the complexity of a historical event. Our focus here is Maya Rani’s testimony from Butalia’s book, The Other Side of Silence:

The India and Pakistan conflict remains one of the most unfaltering and unresolved conflicts of our time. Since the birth of the nation in 1947, conflict ensued over religion and territory dividing the great nation into two independent states, today known as India and Pakistan. The history of relations between the two nations follows an oscillating track between times of peace and resumptions of wars and crises. Conflict expanded to encompass a broad range of issues from terrorism to a nuclear arms race through the history of these nations. Having engaged in four wars over six decades the countries still stand divided over a multitude of issues today, leading to high tensions between the borders. Through the assistance of

After the bloodshed among devotees of different faiths resided in South Asia, India, though partitioned, at last gained independence in 1947. Even if it was stated that this ‘’new-born’’ country will be a secular state, the majority of population was regarded as Hindus and fear of possible subordination of other communities was displayed. The majority of Muslims who supported

Why is it that despite sharing so much in terms of ethnicity, culture, religion, and language, India and Pakistan hold such animosity and bitterness towards each other? Since their emergence as independent states from the British Indian Empire in 1947, India and Pakistan have sacrificed considerable blood battling each other. As part of the independence, India was divided into two separate nations—India and Pakistan. The Hindu states of British India formed the new country of India, while those states with a Muslim majority became part of Pakistan. The violent partition of India and Pakistan resulted in large scale armed confrontations and has sustained a continuous distrust between the two countries. They have been involved in four wars; the first immediately following independence over the state of Jammu and Kashmir, another in 1965 over the same state, a civil war in 1971 that stemmed into the creation of Bangladesh and the Kargil war of 1999 fought in Kashmir. The hostility that remains even fifty five years later instigates questions in our minds as to what lies in the future of the relationship between these two Asian countries. Is there hope for peace in the near future? Is the antagonistic behavior between the two nations reflective of the attitudes of their respective citizens? How has this bitterness affected the recent and current generations of Indians and Pakistanis? And will this continue to affect the future generations?

The name Kashmir has become synonymous with slaying, destruction and religious massacre in South Asia. Ever since the partition of India in 1947, when Britain dismantled its Indian empire, India and Pakistan have been archrivals. What makes this conflict interesting, conversely, is how much they hate one another. The hostility between these two has been rooted not only in religion and history, but is exemplified by the long-running battle over the control of Jammu and Kashmir. Which has recently intensified into a treacherous nuclear arms race.

Kashmir Conflict has been around since 1947. It is also the key point or the reasons why India and Pakistan did not get along well. Because of this, the diplomatic relationships between the two countries are on the fire and both countries has been witnesses few war to fought over Kashmir. Behind this conflicts, we can find a lot of other historical events that happen due to this among this is a country name Bangladesh was born from East Pakistan. This article is designed to help explain the situation in the region and the significance of Kashmir to India and Pakistan. To accomplish this goal we will first discuss the genesis of the conflict and the benefit of Kashmir interns of resources,

In order to understand the current situation in Kashmir, it is necessary to understand the history of the region. The British sold Kashmir to Maharajah Ghulab Singh in 1846. Subsequently, Maharajah Ghulab Singh established himself as the independent princely ruler of Kashmir. This was done through the famous treaty of Amritsar. After Ghulab Singh’s death, his kingdom passed on to his successors and was ultimately ruled by Maharajah Hari Singh until 1949. These rulers were known to be tyrannical and oppressive. In 1931, there was even a revolt and general unrest amongst the majority Muslim

Historical truth, however, does not side with Pakistan on Kashmir. The exiting British Raj in 1947 had both the Muslim League and Indian National Congress sign off on the Indian Independence Act. This legislation simplified, or so everyone thought, the divvying up of British India into the sovereign republics of India and Pakistan.

India thinks that Kashmir is not the issue for an international concern and India does not consider UN’s take on any political action over Kashmir. India’s apprehension of Kashmir is reasonable somehow because India has fought three times with Pakistan regarding Kashmir’s issue. On the contrary, resolution does not come through military action. According to India, if India is ready to establish Kashmir as a democratic province with all the privileges of an autonomous, there is no guarantee to Kashmir will be under the Indian union. Because there are lots of terrorist groups are fighting against India. Pakistan is supporting them by providing materials as well as financial backing (Schofield, V. 2000).

There was incredible suffering that the Partion of India caused in areas of Birtish India through exchanges of population …Dealing in various ways with the human tragedy endured by people on both sides of this newly created border. One of the best, and perhaps most famous, partition story clearly reveals this sense of bewilderment,“Toba Tek Singh” was written in Urdu, Pakistan’s national language, by Sadat Hasan Manto, a Kashmiri who left his home in 1948 and moved to Karachi, Pakistan’s capital. The story recounts the effects of partition on a very particular portion of the population.

Sixty years ago, in the summer of 1948, our nation, then newly born, was struggling for its very survival. In January, Mahatma Gandhi had been murdered by a Hindu fanatic. The act had shocked many Indians, but apparently it had the approval of some. According to one news report, the jailed assassin, Nathuram Godse, received an average of 50 letters a day expressing admiration for his action. This was part of a much wider right-wing, religious, reaction against Partition. Hindu and Sikh refugees from Pakistan were calling for retribution against the Muslims who had stayed behind in India. The relations between the two communities were poisoned further by the tribal invasion of the state of Jammu and Kashmir. With the raiders aided and

pеacеfully, quickly bеgan to fadе with a momеntous shift in Nеw Dеlhi’s politics, attеndеd by Primе Ministеr Indira Gandhi. Shе fеarеd that if morе sеlf-rulе wеrе givеn to any Indian-Muslim Statе, thеn othеr populatеd Muslim statеs would dеmand thе samе, and sеcularism sеcurity sеcularism would bе at risk (Ganguly 2001, 90-91). Finally, Dеcеmbеr 8, 1989, thе night Dr. Rubiya Sahееd, daughtеr of thе Indian Ministеr of Homе Affairs, was abductеd (Goldston 1991, 146). Thе situation in Kashmir dеtеrioratеd and thе Indian Army and thе first insurgеnt organizations wеrе involvеd in thе first battlеs of thе civil war. In addition to local Kashmiri insurgеnts fighting thе Indian govеrnmеnt, forеign rеbеls bеgan to sеt position on thе scеnе from