Jimmie Lee Jackson And The Civil Rights Movement

The Civil Rights Movement during the 1950s to the 1960s was a period that significantly changed America forever. African-Americans did not have the same rights as white men, and were faced with segregation and discrimination. Under the Jim Crow Laws, blacks did not have equal access to public facilities and were treated as lower beings than whites. After many years of pain and struggle, all the while remaining silent, blacks finally decided to stand up for themselves and refuse to be compliant. Many acts of civil disobedience took place during this time, some were peaceful, while some were violent. An example of a civil disobedience from the Civil Rights Movement was Robert Williams’ protest to integrate facilities, where he uses armed self-defense, so that blacks were able to have equal access as whites. This was an effective form of protest because without the arms to protect themselves, the African-Americans wanting their voices to be heard would be suppressed by the brutality of racist white men.

In addition, according to “Freedom’s Children”, people experience struggles during the Civil Rights Movement. For example, Joseph Lacey, one of the African American witnessed the attack people on the Freedom Riders in Montgomery. Freedom Riders were among the most famous of the Civil Right. It is a protest toward the segregated waiting rooms, restaurant, and buses. Joseph Lacey state in the book that he saw the Freedom Riders beaten. He cried and couldn't believe that human being beat up other human beings like crazy (Text 1: Freedom’s Children, page 73). Joseph Lacey’s description in the book shows one of the struggles that people face during the Civil Rights Movement, violent. And most of the violence happens between different race, even though they are all human being. This is what also makes Civil Rights Movement such an inhumanity movement in America history. The other struggle that people face during the Civil Rights Movement is people get attack by the America police. For example, Children’s Crusade in Birmingham, Alabama, people who attend the march no matter what age may get attack by police or the police dog. Children’s Crusade is a march with more than one thousand student skipping classes and gather at Sixth Street Baptist Church in downtown Birmingham, Alabama. According to “ Freedom’s Children”, Audrey Faye Hendricks mention that when he watched the first demonstrator, the saw a police dog attack an elderly black man watching. He couldn’t believe that the police did not take care of the dog and let it attack an elder man (Text 1: Freedom’s Children, page 78). This description shows one of the struggles that African American who’s in different age face during the march during the Civil Rights Movement, attack by police and the police

Racial equality is one of the great challenges to the United States. Throughout its history, there have been not only unequal and unfair opportunities for African Americans, but actual violence. In mass protests, African Americans took this abuse in stride, never degrading themselves to similar acts of violence. They protested in marches, including one of the most famous and largest civil rights protests of all time, involving more than 200,000 demonstrators, which is credited with helping pass the civil rights bill in 1964, a very strong one, at that ("March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom"). It is also here that Martin Luther King Jr. delivered his now famous civil rights speech. It single handedly forwarded King’s ultimate goal of racial equality and tolerance more, perhaps, than anything before it, due in part to its brilliant use of numerous strategies to more effectively convey points.

The civil rights movement of the sixties is one of the most controversial times of the last century. Many, if not all, who lived through that time, and the generations following were enormously impacted. At the time passions ran so high that violence at peaceful

The Civil Rights Movement had several pros however there are cons to every situation. The suffering of people were cured by the medicine of the great personality that still stand as the role model of the world, Martin Luther King Jr. He cured the people with the speeches they delivered and the letters they wrote. The letters and speeches delivered during this movement had been very inspirational in which it made more people want to become a part of this immense movement. Martin Luther King Jr. was very inspirational but had different ways to handle things than other civil rights movement leaders. MLK Jr. was a very big contributor to the Civil Rights Movement but he said everything through “The Letter from Birmingham”. The Civil rights Movement

Lyndon Baines Johnson (LBJ), was one of the most memorable as well as divided politicians in US history. With a humble past of teaching at segregated schools for 3 years, he had all the heart of someone to end slavery. But upon becoming a Senator, this seemed to change. During his Senate years, time and time again showed his dislike for Civil Rights. When President, he was a whirlwind of a worker to push this bill through. What changed, what didn’t, along with what drove him to do this.

Civil rights groups are not a new thing in the United States, but after the disputed case of Trayvon Martin who was killed by George Zimmerman, the movement has been growing tumultuously. After Martin’s death, hundreds of high school teens began protesting, demanding both Zimmerman and chief police be fired. With the help of social media, Umi Selah and other activists were able to organize a forty-mile march from Daytona Beach to the headquarters of Sanford Police Department (the department that dealt with Martin and Zimmerman’s case.) The march lasted four days and ended in a five-hour blockade of the Sanford Police Department’s door. This organized protest was just the beginning of what quickly became the Black Lives Matter movement (McClain 2016).

Famed Confederate General Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson’s legacy is hardly easy to define. His is most remembered for cunning speed and brutality in battle and many consider him without equal. The same strategies Jackson used in the Shenandoah Valley campaign were scrutinized by both Rommel and Patton for inspiration in WWII. Jackson’s personal discipline carried over into his command. Although his men were often barefoot and near starvation, he pushed them forward into battle, not wishing to sacrifice the element of surprise. Many of his battles were actually waged on Sundays which contradicts Jackson’s steadfast devotion to Christianity that many attribute to fanaticism.

The Civil Rights Movement was an unforgettable era in American History because it has influenced so much of this countries laws and norms, making what was at a time acceptable in this country extremely unacceptable and unpracticed. This inevitable struggle for freedom, natural human rights, and acceptance was a violent and non-violent volatile reaction to a broken and unjust system. Many leaders and citizens fought for the freedom and justice of the minorities in the United states of America during the Civil Rights movement, by using unique approached, strong strategies, and intelligence to earn this respect and freedom. Civil Rights leaders like the well-known Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and many other influential people bravely led the Civil Rights Movement and creating a new America where “the system of Jim Crow segregation and racism was reformed and eliminated”1 Additionally, the cause of the Civil Rights Movement, the various forms of protest, and the aftermath of the movement will be discussed throughout this essay, and the reader will be able to gain a stronger understanding of the Civil Rights Movement as a whole.

In a march against segregation and barriers for African-American voting rights, peaceful marchers were exposed to harsh treatment by the police, 50 being hospitalized by the terrorism inflicted on them (civilrights.org). The targeted protest became infamous in the Civil Rights Movement, marked “Bloody Sunday” and was crucial to gaining favor of the public (civilrights.org). The two causes went hand in hand in this, rocketing in support and becoming the main goal of the country - the end of segregation was the most dire problem that the Civil Rights Movement needed to solve. And with the 24th Amendment, Civil Rights Act of 1964, and Voting Rights Act of 1965 being ratified, the civil rights movement and the fight to end segregation reached its legal goal (infoplease.com). However, the nation’s mentality needed work - though the popularity of Civil Rights was rising, many riots and racial hate crimes continued to occur throughout the country, with many casualties resulting from them (infoplease.com). The ratification of these laws may have made the “separate but equal” rhetoric illegal for the U.S. but the citizens inside it still battled for their beliefs. As segregation and civil rights become national topics, their

Take Andrew Marrisett’s story for example, he said he was driving the church bus on a Sunday and say a some 6 year old child having a K-9 dog sent on her, and as any decent human would he jumped in front of the attacking K-9 and tried to help the little girl. As a result he was then arrested and the dog was sicced onto him. Marrisett went on to tell Raines “That really was the spark. I had an interest all along, but that just took the cake-a big, burly two-hundred-and-eighty-five-pound cop siccing a trained police dog on a little girl, little black girl.” (Raines, 146) I could pick out any one activists story from this novel and point out the way they were mistreated and how that affected their involvement in this movement, no African American were treated right during this time. They were taken away in the thousands and transposed like cattle in old school busses. We are still seeing similar attentions today, 50-60 years later. Obviously not in such a large amount but there are enough cases for a march at the nations capital on December 13, 2014 where an estimated 25,000 people came together to protest the recent killings of black males by the police. Those activists in the 1900’s set an outline for marches for years to come, but it took more than just marches to get what they fought.

The civil rights movement occurred in America from the 1940s to 1960s. During this time protestors stuck up for and behind African American people being granted basic civil liberties and combat racial injustice. Although, there were many supporters of the civil rights movement there were many opposed to African Americans being granted equality. Those opposed stood firmly behind the Jim Crow laws. These laws kept everyone “equal but separate” as in the Supreme Court case Plessy v. Ferguson in 1896. This case basically stated, “as long as racially separate facilities were equal they did not violate the Fourteenth Amendment’s guarantees of equal protection of the law” ("Separate but Equal: The Plessy v. Ferguson Case"). Those who opposed the civil rights movement went to great lengths to ensure the failure of the movement. According to John Franklin, white supremacist groups, “used intimidation, force, ostracism in business and society, bribery at the polls, arson and even murder to accomplish their deeds” (qtd. in Morris). The nation was segregated from all walks of life;

The Civil Rights movement has aimed to gain rights for African-Americans for decades. Over the course of the semester we have looked at movement’s that have helped advocate for civil rights. One of the movements of that we looked at specifically in class was Martin L. King Jr’s movement and his “Letter from the Birmingham Jail”. In this letter, we hear Dr. King's honest opinion about the criticism he received from his opponents of timely protest. We gain a lot of insight about King's honest opinion about his political motivations of his movements and why he felt that it was critical to act when he did. Another movement that we discussed but didn’t directly look at was the Black Panther Party. An outside article that discusses the Black

They struggled for equality and took part in some of the greatest civil rights movements ever known. Although the civil rights revolution came as a surprise, the causes fought for were necessary. According to Foner, “the United States in the 1950s was still a segregated, unequal society with half of the nation’s black families living in poverty.” (902) Many whites paid little attention to segregation because they felt it had no impact on their everyday lives. Segregation impacted blacks, especially in the South, on a daily basis. They had separate restrooms, drinking fountains, schools, entrances to public places, and were unable to enter many public institutions altogether. (902) The arrest of Rosa Parks sparked a year-long bus boycott and marked the beginning of the civil rights movement in the South. (904) With Martin Luther King Jr. leading the movement, the freedom of justice and equality finally seemed within reach. According to the text, “King was a master of appealing to the deep sense of injustice among blacks and to the conscience of white America. He presented the case for black rights in a vocabulary that emerged the black experience with that of the nation.” (906)

The public was able to witness for the first time the violence and police brutality used against many civil rights activist. The majority of the civil rights demonstrators in Alabama that day were high school students. The pictures of these children being attacked by dogs and sprayed with water from high-powered fire hoses were very disturbing and shocking to most viewers. It gave a more accurate and sympathetic account; one that the public hadn’t seen before,