John Chase African American Contributions To Architecture

He wanted to own his own business in order to make a better life for him and his family. Brian has certainly done just that. The main reason that

’s case because he knew he would need a new job to make money and provide for him and his family, so he tried something and it ended up working out very well in the end.

Every establishment that she applies would rather hire her as a waitress because she is white and speaks English. When applying to Hearthside, Ehrenreich even downgrades herself in order to attain a job as a housekeeper. “I mutter about being woefully out of practice as a waitress, but he’s already on to the uniform” (Ehrenreich, 16). However, even though the author attempts to prove she would not make a good waitress, her employer is already stubborn and thinks that she is more worthy as a server as opposed to a housekeeper. So why did her boss make her a waitress when she clearly wanted to be a housekeeper? Her boss made her a waitress simply, because he used stereotypes to judge the author. Therefore, her boss only saw a white woman who was better equipped with serving skills even though Ehrenreich believed she had better housekeeping skills. Now, sadly if a fluent English speaking Hispanic applied to the same job, she would only be hired as a housekeeper. In fact, she would be rejected as a waitress for the same reason that the author couldn’t become a housekeeper; the of color her skin. In today’s society, when someone thinks of a hotel maid, they think of a Latin woman who isn’t fluent in English. It is this very stereotype that affects the type of job a low-wage job a person receives simply because of the color of their skin and not their personal abilities.

Herman Hudson was born in Biringham, Alabama in 1923 and grew up to get his bachelors, masters, and doctorate degrees from the university of michigan. He had a long career at teaching at other colleges and universitys until the landed at Indiana University. During his time there he established all of the African American studies institues at the college and helped inprove race relations among the community.

Joseph E. Lee was born in Philadelphia in 1849, he graduated from Howard University in 1873. He moved to Florida that same year and became the first African American lawyer in Jacksonville and in the state of Florida. He served in the House of Representatives from 1875 to 1879 and in the state Senate from 1881 to 1882. He was one of the most influential African American men in Florida through the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. He was elected municipal judge of Jacksonville and was one of the first African Americans to have this honor. He educated free slaves at a college by the name of Edward Waters College. Lee worked as a public servant acting at various times as a state legislator, a lawyer, federal customs collector and educator.

children to raise. He was not getting enough attention as he wanted at home, he got his

But when he returned home, he found that he could not perform surgery or even work in the hospital in his hometown of Monroe, Louisiana because of his color. And so he set out from Louisiana to California in order to make a way for himself and for his family in a new land.

In the 19th and 20th centuries Europe was thriving and wealthy while most of their colonies in Africa were suffering under their rule. The Europeans all wanted a piece of Africa’s land with its plentiful resources and free labor. Around this time, Europe was going through the industrial revolution and because business was booming the European countries need more resources than they already had. The Africans had the land the Europeans wanted to use to continue having booming businesses, they also had African slaves and workers that they can use so they don’t have to pay for labor. In the 19th century leader of the Europeans countries want to discuss how they will divide Africa without the leaders of Africa knowing. The Europeans then started to invade Africa and take control over the citizens. As the Europeans got more powerful, the Africans become more miserable. Unable to match the guns Europe had, African countries began getting claimed, one by one with the exception of two. The Europeans ruled in a cruel way that left many Africans dead or suffering. Many countries tried and successfully broke away from Europeans after many years under colonization. The Europeans had a negative impact on the lives of many Africans in the 19th and 20th centuries, especially with racism and assimilation. People were taught to be a human they had to be like a European which led to many racist views on African people and culture and is why some nations like France used assimilation to make

Elbert Frank Cox (December 5, 1895 – November 28, 1969) was an American mathematician who became the first black person in the world to receive a Ph.D. in mathematics. He spent most of his life as a professor at Howard University in Washington, D.C., where he was known as an excellent teacher. During his life, he overcame various difficulties which arose because of racism. In his honor, the National Association of Mathematicians established the Cox-Talbot Address, which is annually delivered at the NAM's national meetings. The Elbert F. Cox Scholarship Fund, which is used to help black students pursue studies, is named in his honor as well. In 1917 after graduating, Cox joined the U.S Army in World War I.

struggles he faced to overcome it. He had a hard childhood and career due to prejudice and

The life of African Americans in the 19th and 20th centuries has been a truly storied past. One of the most astonishing aspects of African American life, in this period, is the degree to which it was heterogeneous. The experiences of African Americans differed widely based on geographic location, class, gender, religion, and age. Despite a high degree of variability in the experiences of Blacks in America, if one were to consider the sociopolitical fact that Black people as a group in America were a subordinate caste in dominant society, then it becomes possible to make certain overarching connections. One such connection is the presence of secretive subversive ideologies and actions. The existence of these secretive subversive activities is apparent if one examines the labor tendencies, the folklore, and the outward societal projections of black people. By briefly examining the labor practices of Black women in Atlanta during the latter part of the 19th and early part of the 20th centuries, The Uncle Remus tales, and cultural icon Louis Armstrong, one can deduce that secretive subversive actions and beliefs were an integrated aspect of Black existence during this period.

down by the government and he was becoming continually frustrated and fed-up at this point. When

I believe he made this journey to try and find a new job since he

He sent his resume into many businesses and was unable to get a job. He then dropped the S from his name to conduct his experiment. “Joe” Zamora sent his resume into the exact same businesses and started getting call backs immediately. Jose’s story is discouraging as an indication of race relations, and all too common. He hypothesized that a “white” name would help him find a job, and he was right (Vail). An individual 's race is on of the most major factors in determining whether or not they will achieve the American Dream. This idea is exemplified by Crooks. Crooks wants a better life for himself. After talking to Lennie Crooks gets excited about living in a different place, having friends. Soon after he gets his hopes up they are crushed. He remembers he is black, and wouldn 't get his dreams because of it (Steinbeck 76-81).

Steven Holl is one of the most famous and influential American architects that has designed buildings all over the world. On December 9th, 1947, Holl was born in Bremerton, Washington, where he grew up. Bremerton, Washington, is a smaller town that is known for its manufacturing of submarines and aircraft carriers. Holl recalls back when he was a child about learning how complex it was to make these things and how the designers were able to incorporate space to house the people in them while still being efficient. He graduated with honors from the University of Washington Architecture School in Bellevue. In 1970, after graduation, Holl headed off to Rome and London to further his studies with architecture. When in Rome, Holl was deeply impacted