John Locke Adam Smith And Mary Wollstonecraft

All these philosophes had powerful ideas. Such as using observations to understate the best ways to boost society. In conclusion there are specific main ideas that each philosopher had. (Locke) was “True in Government,” (Voltaire) was “Religion,” “Economics” was (Smith), and lastly was (Mary Wollstonecraft) which was “Equality for Women.” Today our world is still remaining to build Individual

Locke’s thought on having a king, laws, and a civil society under a social contract was so all men can enjoy and protect their rights. Where all men obtain the right to life, all humans have the right to live and life shouldn't be taken away from another human being. The right to liberty, protecting an individual's freedom and unreasonable detention. The right to property, a citizen in which Locke thought a human's labour was his own, anything created or made should remain that individuals as well and the right to rebel against unjust rulers and laws.

In his Second Treatise on Government Locke focus’ on liberalism & capitalism, defending the claim that men are by nature free and equal against the idea that God had made all people subject to a king. He argued that people have ‘natural rights’, such as the right to life, liberty, and property, that hold the foundation for the major laws of a society. He says, “…we must consider, what state all men are naturally in, and that is, a state of perfect freedom to order their actions, and dispose of their possessions and persons as they think fit.” (2nd Treatise, Chapter 2, sec 4). John Locke used this claim, that all men were naturally free and equal, for understanding the idea of a government as a result of a social contract. This is where people in the state of nature transfer some of their rights to the government in order to better guarantee the steady and comfortable enjoyment of their lives, liberty, and property.

John Locke was born in 1632, in Wrington, England. He studied medicine at the University of Oxford, but he eventually became the great philosopher everyone remembers him as (Connolly, n.d.). In 1688, King William III, supported by the Whigs, took the throne of England from King James II in what is known as the Glorious Revolution (UK Parliament, n.d.). Locke had a strong connection with the Whigs in England, so he wrote the Second Treatise on Government as a justification for the revolution. Throughout the Second Treatise on Government, Locke claims that an individual is born with the rights to “life, liberty, and property.” He believes that it is the governments purpose to preserve these rights with laws which favor neither the rich nor poor. In addition, these laws must be designed for “the good of the people.” Lastly, “[the government] must not raise taxes on the property of the people, without the consent of the people…” (Locke, 1688)

During the eighteenth century a group of French writers and critics known as the Philosophes favored change and reform. They believed in the power of the human mind, which was an idea that was inspired by the Scientific Revolution. The philosophes had faith in the power of rational criticism to challenge the tradition of the past. They also sought to apply the rules of reason and common sense to nearly all major institutions and social practices. The philosophes proposed a new kind of organized religion, a social religion which encouraged harmony and tolerance while strengthening the bonds of moral obligations within society. One of the major French philosophes during the eighteenth century was Voltaire.

While reading the “The Second Treatise of Government,” you can notice and see that John Locke has a strong standing for civil rights as well as helping with the development of the Constitution of the United States. He states that the “consent of the governed,” is basically saying that communities are not put together by the divine right or ruled by. Paternal, familial, and political are types of powers that John Locke mentions that have all have unlike characteristics. He inspired others to believe in and want equal rights and democracy. John Locke talks about the state of nature, which basically states that no one has the power to be ruler of someone, as well as they are able to do what they want in a freely matter. In other words people are born just like anyone else that is born, and should have equally rights to property, health, and liberty, and that no one should have the power over anyone. Everyone should be able to live and enjoy his or her own freedom and wellbeing. However, the state of nature is not a guarantee to have natural laws, which could help with the protecting of one’s property. According to him having your own personal freedom was the true meaning of state of nature. John Locke thought that people were following his faith in human rationality through the declaration of Locke. John Locke states that if the government takes away from others for them to empower them then the people have right and opportunity to go against

John Locke was a Western philosopher who first published writings regarding natural rights; he laid these rights out to be life, liberty and property. Locke was one of the many 17th century Enlightenment thinkers who influenced people all over Europe and America. Such American Patriots, who were influenced by Locke, used his ideas to stake their claim of independence from Britain. Thomas Jefferson, a Patriot and founding father of America, applied Locke’s ideas of natural rights in his writing of the American Declaration of Independence and his argument against British control of the colonies. One oppressed group in America, the blacks, petitioned Jefferson to use his new position of power in the American government to promote equality in society. Benjamin Banneker, an educated free black living in Maryland, wrote Thomas Jefferson a letter in response to Jefferson’s Notes On The State of Virginia in which Jefferson states his beliefs concerning slavery and race inequality. By elevating Jefferson’s status, manipulating Jefferson’s own arguments and highlighting his own accomplishments, Banneker’s letter helps refute Jefferson’s claims of black inferiority and justification of slavery.

During the 17 and 18th century there was, the Enlightenment Period(a.k.a The age of Reason.) There were a lot of new ideas presented to the public that have changed the world. What was their main idea; and what were they asking? These philosophers were all talking about different things, but their focus was mainly on people and our traits. During this time period the philosophers (Voltaire, Locke, Smith, & Wollstonecraft) were really talking about the same thing. Things that these philosophers were talking about was that we should have the right to a freedom of economics. More ideas these philosophers had in mind was that people should have the freedom of religion and if in any cause the government fails the people should have the right to take over and recreate a new government.

Benjamin Franklin and John Winthrop—although having contrasting ideas of societal principles—both portray their visions and beliefs through their religious backings and their discussions and actions regarding charity. As Franklin aimed to portray and achieve a sense of individualism and self-discipline, and Winthrop worked to implicate a communal and interdependent society, both attempted to put these ideas into practice, ultimately reaching unexpected conclusions.

Locke believed that men essentially were governed by the laws of nature that God created and that the government should reflect in such a

Benjamin Franklin and John Winthrop, men with different ideals, present the same notion that America should be presented as a “city upon a hill.” Franklin believed that the American dream should be presented as an ideal where men and women are equal and can both move up in social class on their own, practicing any religion they desired. On the other hand, Winthrop believed that the new world was a religious safe haven only for the Puritans. American Exceptionalism was overall the main focus, guiding America to define itself as a special nation founded upon democratic values and liberty.

John Locke was the man who began to express the idea of natural rights. The idea of natural rights is that all humans are born with three natural rights: life, liberty, and property. You are meant to respect these rights, which gives us limits as humans. For example, one can not just rob someone’s house without consequences. If someone does commit theft they are punished because they are

John Locke believed that people were born free and equal with three natural rights: life, liberty and property. He had a positive view on human abilities and believed that humans can achieve anything they set their minds to. He believed that a person cannot put themselves into slavery and it is against human nature to subject oneself to absolute power because humans empower themselves. Therefore, according to the ideology of Locke, the ideal form of government is one run by the people because they have the natural rights to govern themselves and look after the welfare of society. He considered it the role of the government to protect the rights of the people. If the government violates the social contract,

Locke believed that people are willing to unite under a form of government to preserve their lives, liberty, and estate. Since natural law is already good, government not only preserves natural law, but also works to enhance it.

John Locke wanted was for the government to protect people's natural right and not to separate men and women because the one quote states that "creatures of the same species and rank… should also be equal one amongst another with another without subordination or subjection" and that meant that everyone bearing the same, so that means that they all should be treated equally and that they shouldn't be separated because if we all were born the same way, why be separated now and that's related to natural rights because we're all people the government should protect