Judaism In Chicago

An outburst in growth of America’s big city population, places of 100,000 people or more jumped from about 6 million to 14 million between 1880 and 1900, cities had become a world of newcomers (551). America evolved into a land of factories, corporate enterprise, and industrial worker and, the surge in immigration supplied their workers. In the latter half of the 19th century, continued industrialization and urbanization sparked an increasing demand for a larger and cheaper labor force. The country's transformation from a rural agricultural society into an urban industrial nation attracted immigrants worldwide. As free land and free labor disappeared and as capitalists dominated the economy, dramatic social, political, and economic

Throughout the history of America, there has always been a influx of Jews from Europe. Even though Emma Lazarus wrote her poem after the massive immigration of German Jews to America, her poem can be used to describe the Jewish Immigrants. Many German Jews arrived in New York " tired ... poor... [and] yearning to breathe free." While New York City was still a hub for German Jewish immigrants, some had also moved to Atlanta and more Western states. Several of the German Jewish families who immigrated to America will forever have their names etched into her history, through their central role as entrepreneurs in America's expanding clothing industry. They began from humble careers and worked their way up the proverbial food chain. Once

In addition to this major shift from rural to urban areas, a new wave of immigration increased America’s population significantly, especially in major cities. Immigrants came from war-torn regions of southern and eastern Europe, such as Italy, Greece, Poland, Russia, Croatia. This new group of immigrants

Since the beginning of the Judaism, the Jewish people have been subject to hardships and discrimination. They have not been allowed to have a stabile place of worship and have also faced persecution and atrocities that most of us can not even imagine. Three events that have had a big impact on the Jewish faith were the building and destruction of the First Great Temple, the Second Great Temple and the events of the Holocaust. In this paper, I will discuss these three events and also explain and give examples as to why I feel that the Jewish people have always been discriminated against and not allowed the freedom of worship.

During this time America saw some of its most rapid increase of immigration and population, not to mention westward expansion. Between 1880 and 1900 many cities grew in the hundreds of thousands, making work, shelter, and life a little more competitive. Much of this was

Between the periods of the Civil War and the Great War, economy and culture development led to the urbanization and industrialization in America. The most remarkable development of American history was the immigration of foreigners from outside countries to the United States, causing quick growth in urban populations and a transformation of American union. In the early 19th century, thirteen million immigrants came from the United States, most from Italy and Russia, and the Progressive Era immigration forming the process of migration set by the expansion and the industrial revolution. Immigrants coming to the United States came for the American dream of freedom, and the desire to escape poverty and seek for jobs. The urbanization and growth

Chicago in the 1920s was a turning point for the development of ethnic neighborhoods. After the opening of the first rail connection from New York to Chicago in the 1840s, immigration sky rocketed from that point on. Majority of the immigrants to Chicago were Europeans. The Irish, Italians, eastern European Jews, Germans, and Mexicans were among the most common ethnicities to reside in Chicago. These groups made up the greater part of Chicago. The sudden increase in immigration to Chicago in the 1920s soon led to an even further distinguished separation of ethnicities in neighborhoods. The overall development of these neighborhoods deeply impacted how Chicago is sectioned off nowadays. Without these ethnicities immigrating to Chicago

The immigrants lived close to their workplace and within each area the Poles established a Polish Roman Catholic Parish. The local parish served more than just the religious beliefs of the community. They also were the main social, economic, and political center for each neighborhood. American lifestyles greatly influenced the parish, turning them into a modernized religion. The services; however, were kept in Polish and they still celebrated Polish holidays, and they kept their Polish saints. A second wave of immigrants commenced after the Communist takeover in World War II. The 1940’s brought in hundreds of thousands of Poles (Reisner ¶7). They risked everything to come to America stowing in steerage compartments and cargo ships. Even the journey put their lives in danger. Not all of them migrated to Chicago, but those who did knew of the Polish neighborhoods that awaited them. Unlike the first wave of Polish immigrants, at first it was difficult to find jobs. Those who did received low wages and did the dirty work. The new Poles gradually assimilated into Chicago; however, they faced a harsh labor movement in both Packingtown and Steel City.

In 1920 approximately 480,000 Russian Jews and 391,000 Italians resided in the city.” The USA became a melting pot with many different cultures and ethnicities we became united as one to strive for the best of america. Everyone from the same background usually grouped up together because they all spoke the same language and had the same morals and culture as one another. That caused many people to not communicate with other ethnicities and it was hard to

Jews have a fairly long history in Hungary. It is believed that the first Jews settled in Hungary in the 2nd century CE (World Jewish Congress). In 1251 there was a Jewish charter that put all the Jews under royal protection. After this, there was a large number of Jews that moved to Hungary which led to the development of historical communities. After the annexation of Hungary by the Ottoman Turks, Jews lived in peace, as long as they paid taxes. Along with the expulsion of the Ottoman Turks, the Jews disappeared from Hungary. It was not until the 18th century where Ashkenazi Jews starting arriving from Czech and German territories (World Jewish Congress). By the end of the 18th century there were just under 100,000 Jews living in

They were being hunted and chased by evil men all across Europe. They were looking for someplace to hide, to rest. These were the Jews of the early 1940's, chased by Hitler's Nazi soldiers. It was the Jewish Underground started by loving, caring, and daring Christians, who reached out and took in those in desperate need.

Concentration of immigrant populations was highest in four of America’s largest cities; New York, Boston, Pittsburgh, and Chicago. Five out of every six Irish and Russian immigrants lived in a city. Three out of four Italian and Hungarian immigrants came to America with very little money to buy farms or farming equipment. Others settled in cities because farming in America was very different from that of Europe. Some immigrants, such as the Slavs, simply came to America too late to acquire land. Jewish and Irish preferred the city because it provided a chance to worship with other Jewish or Irish without persecution.

This deeply rooted hatred for the Jews brings us to the cause of anti-semitism and more specifically the rise in the late nineteenth century, jealousy. As a period of industrial growth began, many changes occurred in the every day life of German and Jews. Because of Christian beliefs, many Germans were religiously unable to hold certain jobs that required them to perform acts that went against their ideals. This in turn lead to Jewish citizens filling these positions. The changes did not stop there though,

Chicago’s population had exploded from about 4,000 souls when it gained its first city charter in 1837, to 30,000 in 1850, then to an astounding 330,000 by 1871. It had just passed St. Louis as the fourth-largest city in America and sat poised to become a major player on the international scene.

The rise of anti semitism in Nazi Germany was an atrocious attack on the rights of Jews under the concept of racial superiority and blame for the war. Many Jews attempted to emigrate from Germany to the United States establishing communities in cities such as