Jurnal Manajemen Keuangan

3) Purchasing power parity and the exchange rate in the long run (how exchange rate is

Dating back to the XVI century, the theory of purchasing power parity are developed and studied since then in Spain. However, this theory of PPP attracts the scholars till the XX century due to the contribution of a Swedish scholar Gustav Cassel in 1910s (Taylor, 2006). Cassel presented PPP theory using an equivalent term “theoretical rate of exchange” three years ago before he first defined the term PPP and place it into a systematic framework. Additionally, Cassel is also the first person who tested PPP empirically. The cumulative CPI inflation rates of different countries are suggested to be calculated and used to obtain the most effective exchange rate by Cassel to maintain the parity of purchasing

This paper aims to compare the Japanese Yen against the US Dollar over a five year period starting from 2005 till 2010. The exchange traded fund for Japanese Yen shall also be discussed in the paper and afterwards an analysis of both the currencies shall be presented. There are different factors that influence the exchange rate differences between any two chosen currencies. The effects produced by these different exchange rates can be of quite different intensity. The most common elements that have an impact on exchange rate difference include economic factors, socio political factors and other behavioral or technical factors also. The macroeconomic factors such as growth of a country, employment rate, gross domestic product etc. All

September to November took a huge hit daily on different foreign exchange markets with very volatile market. Government control had a very complex impact on the currency values and continues to do so, leading investors to tread lightly. As the stabilization of growth to support commodity prices has quite improved in the first quarter of 2017. It leads a favorable exposure of commodity producing countries and currencies – which increases the purchasing power measured by the amount of goods that can be purchases with the units of money. The differences in currencies and commodities show that countries do not fall under absolute purchasing power parity and clearly shows that this does not hold in the real-time situations. Absolute purchasing power believes that two countries are completely identical and share the law of one price, meaning that the good is the same price across all countries. Relative purchasing power acknowledges all of the market imperfections that our country is currently enduing and adjusts to the difference in inflation rates so that relative purchasing power can remain unaffected. Currencies, commodities, and inflation are all important factors of the current emerging markets and will continue to change the fluctuations of the market. If the commodity prices continue to improve, it may lead to a more kind market and maybe even leading the Mexican Peso as an attractive investment. Only time will tell where the market takes us, as the United States is faced with administration changes and confused

After careful analysis and further research, the Japanese YEN is an incredibly recent and remarkable example of the way international monetary regimes

There has been a long standing controversy among the economist about the validity of PPP (Purchasing Power Parity) in the long run. The parity reveals that prices in two different economies should be identical to each other when they expressed in terms of the same currency. It is a central building block in the monetary models of exchange rate determination. One of the most common practices, to test the validity of PPP is through unit root test of real exchange rate. In this paper unit root test has been done based on the data on Bangladesh and its major trading partner India, to see whether exchange rate has unit root or not. It has been found out that the PPP holds i.e. real exchange is not trend stationary in the

The yen against the dollar rises obviously. At the beginning of this year, Japan announced that most of the economic data were behave well, the sovereign debt problems caused by Greece and other countries enabled investors to hedge risks greater than before, the dollar against the yen was oscillating downward to early march. Later on, along with the market risk preference gradually gets warmer, the dollar against the yen exchange rate oscillating upward. Since May, as investors worried about global economic recovery prospects, the market expected the federal reserve will be implemented a new round of quantitative easing policy ,the dollar against the yen went down, on October 29,it reached the lowest 80.39 in the past 15 years. Subsequently, the dollar against the yen rebounded slightly and closed at 81.15, a decrease of2.7%compared with last year.

2 Gambar 3. Total Pengeluaran & Penerimaan Perusahaan dari Kegiatan Proyek Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit Selama 38 Tahun.................................................. 18 Gambar 4. Grafik Analisis Pulang Pokok pada Kisaran Biaya Lingkungan dan Biaya Sosial.............................................................................................. 26 Gambar 5.

There has been a decline in the operation of the DFIs with their shares of assets of only 9.7 percent in 2004, against 10.2 percent in 2003. Total deposits of the banks in 2004 rose to Taka 1,326.1 billion from Taka 1,140.3 billion in 2003 showing an overall increase by 16.3 percent. The NCBs ' (comprising of 4 largest banks) share in deposits decreased from 46.0 percent in 2003 to 42.8 percent in 2004. On the other hand, PCBs ' deposits in 2004 amounted to Taka 588.0 billion or 44.3 percent of the total industry deposit against Taka 468.2 billion or 41.1 percent in 2003. FCBs ' deposits in 2004 rose by Taka 11.00 billion or 13.0 percent over the previous year. The DFIs ' deposits in 2004 were Taka 75.1 billion against Taka 62.6 billion in 2003 showing an increase of 20.0 percent over the year.

Pada tahun 1994, ratarata nilai transaksi hanya sebesar Rp104 miliar per hari. Hal ini berarti dalam kurun waktu 15 tahun rata-rata nilai transaksi harian telah meningkat sebesar lebih kurang 4.000%. Seiring dengan perkembangan pasar dan tuntutan untuk lebih meningkatkan efisiensi serta daya saing di kawasan regional, maka efektif tanggal 3 Desember 2007 secara resmi PT Bursa Efek Jakarta digabung dengan PT Bursa Efek Surabaya dan berganti nama menjadi PT Bursa Efek Indonesia.

* Most RB’s have ATMs, Remittance services, Peso and Dollar Accounts, Checking accounts, Time Deposits, Micro financing loans and OFW placement loan packages.

|Badan usaha yang melaporkan |Perusahaan yang dianggap sebagai satu kesatuan |Subbagian dari bisnis seperti: departemen, lini |

ii. Pelabuhan persinggahan – Pulau Pinang dapat menyediakan keperluan bekalan air, makanan dan membaiki kapal

Kadang-kadang masalah ini hanya dialami oleh kanak-kanak berkenaan dan tidak semestinya ditanggap atau disedari oleh pihak kedua sebagai sesuatu masalah. Apa yang penting ialah ‘masalah’ tersebut memang nyata (‘real’) dan mendatangkan kesan negatif kepada kanak-kanak kerana menimbulkan gangguan emosi kepada dirinya, dan oleh demikian, perlu diselesaikan. Kalau tidak, kanakkanak tersebut akan terus mengalami gangguan emosi dan juga terdapat kesan kepada pihak kedua yang terbabit. Dalam kertas ini ‘kemahiran menyelesaikan masalah sosial’ (KMMS) juga digelar sebagai ‘kemahiran menyelesaikan masalah interpersonal’ (KMMI). Kedua-dua istilah ini membawa maksud yang sama. Banyak tulisan dan kajian telah dibuat terhadap aspek ini dan ini disebabkan kemahiran ini didapati mempunyai signifikans dan implikasi terhadap perkembangan menyeluruh kanak-kanak. Kebelakangan ini terdapat banyak laporan peristiwa yang membabitkan remaja dan juga kanak-kanak dalam kes salah laku. Kebanyakan salah laku ini boleh disifatkan sebagai fenomena yang berlaku apabila pesalah laku ini tidak mempunyai kemahiran untuk menyelesaikan masalah yang dihadapinya. Oleh demikian langkah yang dipilih oleh mereka merupakan satu cara untuk mencari jalan keluar daripada masalah yang mereka hadapi, tetapi malangnya, langkah itu juga merupakan langkah yang bukan sebenarnya cara yang terbaik untuk menyelesaikan masalah tersebut. Di antara keskes yang kita telah maklum ialah kes tikam oleh seorang pelajar sekolah

Sejak dimulainya kegiatan usaha perbankan berdasarkan Prinsip Syariah pada tahun 2004, kegiatan perbankan berdasarkan prinsip syariah di Bank Niaga sangat luar biasa, terutama di tahun 2007. Perkembangan kegiatan perbankan berdasarkan prinsip syariah terutama disebabkan oleh ekspansi yang cepat dari unit usaha syariah. Dengan adanya kelonggaran dalam peraturan BI, Bank Niaga telah melipat gandakan jaringan yang dapat melayani kegiatan perbankan (windows) dari 43 office channelling unit menjadi 106 office channelling unit. Saat ini Bank Niaga berada pada posisi tiga besar sebagai penyedia layanan kegiatan perbankan syariah unit usaha syariah di Indonesia. Berkaitan dengan hal