Justification of Diagnoses of Robert Jones Disorder

Binge drinking is considered to be a health problem because nearly half of all college students have reported to drink more than 5 drinks is a short period of time (Hennessee, 2013). There has been about 1,825 college students who have died from alcohol-related injuries such as motor-vehicle crashes with the students being between 18 - 24 years old (College Drinking Fact Sheet, 2015). An increase of 6% of college deaths have occurred due to binge breaking increasing the total numbers from 1,600 to 1,700 (Hingson, Heeren,, & Wechsler n.d.). Many other health issues that are associated with binge drinking are: unintentional injuries, intentional injuries such as sexual assault, alcohol poisoning, sexually transmitted diseases, unintended pregnancy, liver disease, sexual dysfunction, and poor watch of diabetes (Fact Sheets - Binge Drinking, 2015).

This pattern often encourages people to drink more to keep the buzz going." ( Net Biz Mentor ). When people get like that they usually get a little bolder and want to do normal tasks and routines like driving a motorized vehicle. The effects of alcohol result in poor coordination, slurred speech, double vision, decrease of self-control, lost of consciousness and maybe even death.

The DSM–5 incorporates the two DSM–IV syndromes, alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence, into one disorder - alcohol use disorder (AUD). AUD has sub-classifications of minor, moderate, and severe. A person who meets one or more of the criteria for abuse within a 12-month period would receive the “abuse” diagnosis. Anyone with three or more of the “dependence” criteria (see items 5 through 11) during the same 12-month period would receive a “dependence” diagnosis ( American

When young people make the decision to drink they often intake more than the body could possibly handle.

A man or a woman suffers, they have a distinct physical desire to consume alcohol beyond their capacity to control it, regardless of all rules of common sense. The symtoms of being an alcoholic is having rituals and being irritated/annoyed when these rituals are disturbed or commented on. This could be drinks before/during/after meals or after work. Dropping hobbies and activities the person used to enjoy; losing interest in them. A person who abuses alcohol may have many of these signs and symtoms- but they do not have the withdrawal symtoms like an alcoholic does, nor the same degree of compulsion to drink. Then comes along, binge drinking. When a woman consumes over six units and a man consumes more than eight units of alcohol in one sitting. Sipping wine, beer, or spirits three or four times per week increases the risk of binge drinking. Men who drink 22 or more units of alcohol a week have a 20% higher rate of admissions into acute care hospitals than non-drinkers. Healthy young adults who regularly binge drink may have a higher risk of heart disease later in life. "Underage drinking should not be a normal part of growing up. It's a serious and persistent public health problem that puts our young people and our communities in danger. Even though drinking is often glamorized, the truth is that

We are all aware that there are different types of drinking. There is binge drinking,

The symptoms of binge drinker include drinking for fun, drinking quickly and being dependent on the alcohol in a public setting. The other symptoms of binge drinking include “a decreased heart rate, loss of memory after drinking, rapid change in emotions, poor balance and co-ordination, accidental falls and feeling nausea or vomiting” . It leads to “alcohol poisoning, sexually transmitted diseases, unintended pregnancy, high blood pressure, liver disease, sexual dysfunction and children born with fetal alcohol spectrum” . Current treatments for Binge include advisory for individuals to drink slowly, eat enough food so

Many risks and hazards can be caused from the use of alcohol. Binge drinking is extremely

According to the DMS-5, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders issued by the American Psychiatric Association, the Alcohol Use Disorder is defined as “a problematic pattern of alcohol use leading to clinically significant impairment of distress, as manifested by at least two symptoms of the eleven in their diagnostic criteria occurring within a 12-month period. These symptoms demonstrates activities such as, alcohol being often taken in larger amounts over a long period of time, a persistent desire to cut down or control alcohol use, cravings to use alcohol, a great deal of time spent in activities necessary to obtain alcohol, use alcohol or recover from its effect, recurrent alcohol use in situations in which it is physically

The foundation for a Drug Free World (2017) outlines the effects of binge drinking for an individual, including drowsiness, vomiting, and liver disease. Valley Sleep Centre (2016) suggests that alcohol causes drowsiness, due to alcohol’s sedative effect (substance that relieves anxiety and helps you fall asleep). On the other hand, New Health Advisor (2014) exclaims that vomiting is caused by the excessive consumption of alcohol, and it is the reaction to get rid of the extreme amount of alcohol in the body’s system. Alcoholic cirrhosis, a type of liver disease is considered by Patient (2015) to be when the liver loses its capability to function efficiently, and is caused by around 10 years of heavy

could go to jail, have health problems, or end up in the hospital if they do not drink responsibly.

The second situation arises where D’s long-term alcohol/drug abuse has led to a recognised medical condition (such as alcohol or drug dependence syndrome) which causes an abnormality of mental functioning. (R v Wood). Giving the judgement of the court, Sir Igor Judge explained that the jury must first consider whether the defendant’s syndrome was of such an extent and nature that it constituted an abnormality of mind induced by illness or disease. If they decided it was, they must then consider whether the defendant’s mental responsibility at the time was substantially impaired by the syndrome.

Relaxation, celebrating, and socializing are often reasons people engage in alcohol. However, the enjoyment of alcohol in moderation may become difficult for some individuals to manage when using alcohol as coping mechanisms or scapegoat, for other underlining issues: personal, social and work-related concerns. Unfortunately, lack of proper management may or can result into alcoholism. According to the DSM-V alcoholism is diagnosed as alcohol use disorder or alcohol addiction, in which a person becomes physically and psychologically dependent on alcohol to the point that he or she cannot function without it (American Psychiatric Association,2013).

It is very scary that a known fatal substance is so readily available in today’s society. A lot of people like to relax with a drink of alcohol; however, it can cause many serious problems for others who start to become dependent on it.

hallucinations along with loss of control of muscular functioning. When this condition develops and the alcoholic slows their drinking, withdrawal