Justine And Routine Activities Theory

The two theories I have chosen for my paper are Routine Activities Theory and Lifestyle Theory. Routine Activities Theory was created by Lawrence Cohen and Marcus Felson in 1979 to draw connections between routine activities in certain areas and crime. The connections Cohen and Felson make are based around influences in the community an offender would be pressured by. In essence, this theory embodies the idea of being a product of one’s environment. The second theory I chose is Lifestyle Theory. Glenn Walters created the Lifestyle Theory in 1990 and in it theorizes that crime is a lifestyle and not just a behavior. This theory focuses heavily on the offender and

The routine activities theory is based on the concept of the crime triangle. This triangle consists of a “motivated offender a suitable target and the lack of guardianship” (Cohen & Felson, 1979). When Hot spot policing is employed its focus is directed at two of the three elements of the triangle. Those elements are the suitable target and the lack of a capable guardian (Hoover, 2014). Some of the major tenants of this perspective are geographic targeting, focused patrol, saturation patrol, and interactive programs. There are other tenants such as simple visibility and foot patrol but I will focus on the three mentioned above. Geographic targeting uses techniques which address crime based on the “hot spot” theory. Hot spots are another

Routine activity theory was first proposed by Cohen and Felson in trying to address the rise of criminal rates in the 1970s within a social context. This theory attempts to explain the possibility of crime that is influenced by our daily routines,

There are a vast number of issues concerning child exploitation from the actions of the offender and the victim. Child exploitation is a complex issue that does not have one simple solution; this crime is nothing new, but technology is allowing it to evolve. Child exploitation is moving from sending child pornography through the postal service and targeting only children an offender has close proximity to. Technology and the Internet have widened the opportunities for offenders and have allowed for potentially ay juvenile to become victimized. The recommendations will focus on targeting key issues presented in the Routine Activities Theory; limiting a motivated offender, making targets unsuitable, and creating capable guardians online.

If there you saw a man leave a briefcase with cash spewing out of the sides, would you take it? There is nothing protecting it, yet it still a crime. Doesn’t the reward outweigh the minimal risk? This is the “Routine Activity Theory”, also known as the “crime of opportunity”, is based on the criminology theory that if crime can occur, it will. Three elements must be present according to USLegal; first a person must be motivation to commit the crime, secondly there must be a vulnerable victim who is available, and lastly, insufficient protection to prevent the crime. Each component is dependent on the other two, when one or more pieces are missing, the crime is less likely to occur.

Lawrence Cohen and Marcus Felson (1979) expanded on these principles and introduced routine activities theory as an ecological perspective on criminal behavior. Furthermore, the quintessence of routine activity theory is the assertion that there are three necessary components that must be present for crime to occur: the motivated offender(s) (individuals seeking/able/willing to commit offenses), presence of

“Everyday Use” is a short story written by Alice Walker, an African American author and activist. The story is told in the first person point of view. The author uses “I” throughout the story making it clear that the story is coming from a first person point of view. The narrator that is telling the story is a mom of two daughters, Maggie and Dee (Wangero). We are never given the name of the narrator.

After the recession in Blueville, the violent crime rate increased by __% and similarly the property crime rate increased by __%. The increase in both property and violent crime can be explained using the routine activities theory. Routine activities theory states that crime is a normal function of everyday life and is a result of the interaction between a suitable target, an absence of a capable guardian, and a motivated criminal. A suitable target is someone or something that are vulnerable and desirable to the offender. A target is chosen as suitable by the criminal and as a result the idea of a suitable target varies from person to person. However, a suitable target can often be found in areas that are dark, secluded or lack surveillance

Since Kemper is a criminal, it is befitting to mold him around a criminological theory to connect his experiences with other criminals. The Routine Activities Theory, or RAT, describes that the three essential components for a crime to occur is that there must a motivated offender, a suitable target, and a lack of capable guardians. It is quite evident that all three components were present in all the different murders Kemper committed. When he killed his grandmother, he was motivated to see how it felt to kill someone, his grandmother was none the wiser, and his grandfather was not home yet (Greig, 2012). Therefore, the opportunity presented itself for Kemper’s first murder to take place. Deep seated anger that also contained a fearful love was a motivator for him to kill his mother (Leyton, 1989). His mother was most likely not expecting to be killed by her son with a hammer on Easter weekend, so the target was there and no one was there to stop him, so another opportunity presented itself again (Greig, 2012).

Have you ever felt oppressed by your own heritage? “Everyday Use” by Alice Walker is a story that contains very strong emotions and many people who struggle with their heritage can relate to this story. This story shows how one of the character, Dee, is angered by the way she was oppressed by her own heritage and she goes on her own way to recreate a heritage for herself.

“… The pleasure we derive from journeys is perhaps dependent more on the mindset with which we travel than on the destination we travel to. If only we could apply a traveling mindset to our own locals, we might find places becoming no less interesting than the high mountain passes and butterfly-filled jungles...” (Alain de Botton 62) In the essay “On Habit”, Alain de Button observes that people have become accustomed to only viewing a new environment as a spectacular view and thrilling experience, rather than treating our own towns, which we see everyday, with the same humility and receptivity.

Everyday people endure the intense pain that occupies the entirety of their lives. Everyday people have pieces of them broken off by the egregious events that take place. Being broken isn’t just having a sprained ankle, it involves the deterioration of a individuals spirit and wellbeing. A personal response detailing the distinctive connection the author has to the state of being broken is entrenched within the portfolio. Also included is a poem that shows the desperation of death by a soul so broken by a society they feel truly differentiated by the rest of the population. Amanda Todd’s viral video of a young teen tormented by peers and a cyber blackmailer, Deborah Sheeds’ take on a conflicting look into the world of glamour, and a remarkable

Module 2 Victimization Assignment Crime in America Routine activities theory is related to crime events. This theory basically says that the routine activities that society does, creates opportunities for more crime or less crime. This theory basically says that you are more likely to be in a certain situation if you are in a certain location. This theory also says that when someone who is motivated and not a stable person and suitable targets meet in the absence of someone of the law or a guardian, crime is more likely to occur.

In 1979, Lawrence E. Cohen and Marcus Felson published “Social Change and Crime Rate Trends: A Routine Activities Approach”; this was the first paper introducing routine activities theory. Most criminological theories before routine activities theory focused more specifically on the socioeconomic factors affecting crime such as poverty, race, etc. Felson and Marcus believed instead that the routine activities of individuals and groups are the driving force behind crime.

According to the routine activities theory, it is broken into three main reasons that would determine whether or not a crime will be committed based on the circumstances that would lead to the time of the event taking place. The three elements that revolves around the targets are one; the motivated offender which is the individual(s) that had come to the conclusion and determining of engaging in the criminal activity for their gain. Two; the suitable target or targets that are made available for the offenders to commit crimes against whether it be people or buildings, as long as they have a mean of gaining access and likely benefit from the outcome. Three is the absence of the capable guardians which can be the lack of security or absence of