Juvenile Justice Reform

The Juvenile Justice System was established in 1899 when the first documented court hearing took place in Cook County, Illinois. This type of court system was designed to discipline, treat, and rehabilitate children under the legal age of eighteen, who are caught and/or convicted of committing crimes against society. Since its creation, many have argued for and against having two separate but parallel court systems. This essay will discuss the basic arguments in favor of and in opposition to the retention of the juvenile justice system.

It has been one hundred years since the creation of the juvenile court in the United States. The court and the juvenile justice system has made some positive changes in the lives of millions of young people lives over the course or those years, within the last thirteen years there has been some daunting challenges in the system.

The U.S made legal history in 1989 when the world’s first juvenile court opened in Chicago (Rank, J.) Since 1990 many states have also adopted the “get tough” approach to juvenile justice as a response to the increasingly violent crimes committed by children.

The juvenile court system was established in the United States over more than a century ago, with the first court appearing in Illinois in 1899. Prior to that time, children and youth were seen as small adults with that the youth were tried and punished as adults.

One hundred years ago, the Illinois legislature enacted the Illinois Juvenile Court Act (1899 Ill. Laws 132 et seq.), creating the first separate juvenile court. The policy debates raging around the country in this centennial year(1899), however, make it uncertain whether the traditional juvenile court will prevail. Early in the 19th century, juveniles were tried along with adults in criminal courts. In common law, children under

Juvenile correctional systems have many different components and some are likely to be affected with a primary focus on rehabilitation. Today the United States falls short of providing adequate public juvenile facilities. With a focus on punishment, the need for new facilities will continue to rise. Switching the primary focus to

There are various efforts that are currently underway to bring about changes and reform in the juvenile justice system. One such program is The Center for Juvenile Justice Reform at Georgetown University. This is a program that supports and educates leaders across systems of care to advance a balanced, multi-system approach to improving outcomes for, and promoting the positive development of, youth at risk of juvenile justice involvement (Center for Juvenile Justice Reform, 2014).

What do you believe each writer’s stronger topic to be? The topic the writers choose is very interesting and it is a current issue in our criminal justice system. The writer have chooses a very interesting topic would be able to find valuable sources and evidences that show how effective a restorative justice program would be for juveniles. Also, the writer would be able to find arguments that are against or for restorative justice program for first-time juveniles’ offenders.

There many things that the state of Illinois has done that they claim they were the first in the nation ever do, we had the very first skyscraper in the world, we had the first deep dish pizza and we also elected the very first African-American president of the United States. One of the other things at the state of Illinois was first and is we were the first state in the entire nation to have a juvenile court unlike the other first that I mentioned this one seldom ignites a passionate discussion or even impresses many people, the very first juvenile court in America was founded in Cook County in 1909 soon after the rest of Illinois and then the nation implemented very similar courts. These courts were first designed to help wayward use find

During the year of 1965, President Johnson passed the Law Enforcement Assistance Act, which stood for “The Law Enforcement Assistance Administration (LEAA) was a U.S. federal agency within the U.S. Dept. of Justice. It administered federal funding to state and local law enforcement agencies and funded educational programs, research, state planning agencies, and local crime initiatives that increased incarceration enabling corporations to re-introduce prison labor.” (https://www.archives.gov/research/guide-fed-records/groups/423.html). During the 1960’s there was also the civil rights movement going on, so many have believed that this act was passed “in order to assuage “white fears of black agitation”(FILIMON, Luiza Maria. 2015. "POLICE PRACTICES IN NEW YORK: BETWEEN RACIAL PROFILING, DISCRIMINATION AND UNCONSTITUTIONALITY." Bulletin Of The Transilvania University Of Brasov. Series VII: Social Sciences. Law 8, no. 2: 189-200.) The passing of this law had a explicit effect on America’s Criminal Justice system. This also put an effect on the country's criminal law also at its state and for the federal policies.

Early in U.S. history, children who broke the law were treated the same as adult criminals. If you are a young person under the age of 18 and you commit a crime, you will have your case heard in the juvenile justice system. The thing is that, it hasn’t always gone that way. The idea of a separate justice system for juveniles is just over one hundred years old (American Bar). Where did juvenile justice come from? The law was in the image of the common law of England. William Blackstone, Blackstone’s Commentaries on the Laws of England, first published in the late 1760s, was admired by the United States founders.

In 1824 The House of Refuge was opened in New York. This was the first attempt to separate children and adults. Before this, children as young as 7 who were convicted of crimes were put in prison with adults. The Juvenile Justice system was established in 1899 in the United States. The first case was heard in Cook County, Illinois. The main difference between juvenile courts and adult courts was that juvenile courts were civil and adult courts were criminal. And until 1967, youth did not have any constitutional legal rights. The U.S. Supreme Court decision in In re Gault

“The juvenile justice system was first created in the late 1800s to reform United States policies on how to handle youth offenders. Since that time, a number of reforms - aimed at both protecting the "due process of law" rights of youth, and creating an aversion toward jail among the young - have made the juvenile justice system more comparable to the adult system, which is a shift from the United States’ original intent (2008,Lawyer Shop.com).” The

This paper will discuss the history of the juvenile justice system and how it has come to be what it is today. When a juvenile offender commits a crime and is sentenced to jail or reform school, the offender goes to a separate jail or reforming place than an adult. It hasn’t always been this way. Until the early 1800’s juveniles were tried just like everyone else. Today, that is not the case. This paper will explain the reforms that have taken place within the criminal justice system that developed the juvenile justice system.

Juvenile justice has proved to be as imprudent as it is practical. Snyder and Sickmund (1999) found that as early as 1825, there was a significant push to establish a separate juvenile justice system focused on rehabilitation and treatment. The procedure continued to stay focused on the rehabilitation of a person, even though financial support and assets sustained to hold back its achievement. In reaction to rising juvenile crime rates in the 1980s’, more corrective laws were approved (Snyder and Sickmund 1999). In the 1990s, the United States legal system took further steps regarding transfer provisions that lowered the threshold at which juveniles could be tried in criminal court and sentenced to adult prison (Snyder and Sickmund 1999). Furthermore, laws were enacted that allowed prosecutors and judges more discretion in their sentencing options; and confidentiality standards, which made juvenile court proceedings and records more available to the public (Snyder and Sickmund 1999), were reduced.