Kant's View On Reason

There is very little question as to what action a strict deontologist would do in the scenario for this assignment he or she would unequivocally adhere to his or her duty. The more pressing question, of course, revolves around just where that duty lies. For a deontologist, that duty would lie with the job at hand and its responsibilities. As one who took an oath to only program software in accordance to the company that he or she works for which is essentially operating as an extension of the government that wishes the programmer to 'push the button' and destroy millions of innocent lives in World War II it would strongly appear that such an individuals would consider it his or her duty to effectively start World War III.

Introduction: Kant argues that mere conformity with the moral law is not sufficient for moral goodness. I will argue that Kant is right. In this essay I will explain why Kant distinguishes between conforming with the moral law and acting for the sake of the moral law, and what that distinction means to Kant, before arguing why Kant was right.

The importance of Rationality and Autonomy Kant wants us to support the dignity of each human being and that everyone is owed a level of respect because of these traits and that rationality and autonomy supports this. he began to make sense of a number of deeply held moral beliefs.

Kant credited both empiricism and rationalism movements. He believes that they both contributed to human’s knowledge and should not reject neither one of them. So, he keeps some parts of those principles and defines empiricism a posteriori knowledge and rationalism as a priori knowledge. His goal is to explain and then justify the possibility of scientific knowledge.

Another topic that Kant contributed to is morality. According to Kant, moral laws cannot be derived from human nature. To put it in other terms, it is not human nature that should be used as a model to how we should behave morally. Kant believed that humans

Research Paper- Immanuel Kant Immanuel Kant was a famous philosopher whose philosophical influences impacted almost every new philosophical idea, theory, concept etc. In a sense, he was considered the central face of contemporary philosophy. Kant spent his whole life in Russia. Starting out as a tutor, to then a professor, he lectured about everything; from geography to obviously philosophy. In his early life, he was raised to emphasize faith and religious feelings over reason and theological principles. As he got older though, that position changed. It then became that knowledge is necessarily confided and within the bounds of reason. Now with this in mind, Kant claims many different things that derive from this. There are many different parts and aspects to it which is why it relates to almost every philosophical idea out there. Kant referred his epistemology as “critical philosophy” since all he wanted to do was critique reason and sort our legitimate claims of reasons from illegitimate ones. His epistemology says that we can have an objective, universal, and necessary knowledge of the world, and that science cannot tell us about reality. He claims science cannot tell us anything because it only tells us about the world as it is perceived, whether it’s based on measures, manipulations, experiments and so on. Kant says that we all have knowledge; that the mind and experience work together and that we construct and gain this knowledge by both reason and experience.

An Individual's autonomy can be altered or swayed by many different life circumstances, stages of human life, religion or faith and its many practices as well as mental capacity and comprehension. In regards to my own understanding towards the required reading it gives many compare and contrast between similar yet controversial topics one being of faith and religion another being that of an individual that is experiencing the manic phase of bipolar disorder. Compared to one of Jehovah's Witness' whom is making a decision based on a scriptural doctrine. The examples and practices of these two opposite and controversial topics have absolutely nothing to do with each other, however, I understand how an individual uneducated about the faith can be baffled.

Savulescu’s argument also has some flaws in regards to his responses to a few possible objections he talked about. One objection that Savulescu responds to is the objection that genes are pleiotropic meaning they have different effects on different parts of the body (The Ethical Life, 454). The example given was that a gene that prompts depression might also be responsible for heightened creativity and productivity (The Ethical Life, 454). Savulescu 's response to that was that we would have to “limit interventions until our knowledge grows” and we would have to do more“adequate research” before expanding the types of interventions (The Ethical Life, 454). The problem with that is that it requires experimenting and testing on children and embryos which would be treating them as a means to an end rather than an end in itself. Kant would agree and say that these children “exist as an end in itself, not merely as a means to be used by this or that will at its discretion” (Kant, 96). Savulescu is suggesting research on children and embryos in order to reach the goal of allowing genetic enhancement. He is using them as a means to his end result. This is a major flaw as Kant would argue that treating people as an end is showing them the respect they deserve while treating them as a means is just dealing with them so that they can help to achieve the person’s goal (Shafer-Landau, 174). Therefore, a child should never be treated as a means to an end to help reach a goal for either

He states that the power of judgment has a inspirational structure. Kant argues that there are a number of principles that must necessarily be true of experience in order for judgment to be possible. Lastly, Kant argues that the role of the mind in making nature is not limited to space, time, and the categories. In the Analytic of Principles, Kant argues that even the necessary consistency of objects to natural law arises from the mind. Thus far, Kant's divine method has permitted him to reveal the a priori components of sensations. He believes that there are a priori judgments that have to govern all appearances of objects. Kant went as far as saying that  a priori judgments not only are possible but they can actually offer the basis for the majority of human knowledge. He believes that there is a form of intelligence that is considered a priori which requires synthetic judgments in order to be obtained. Therefore, Kant believes that synthetic a priori judgment makes it possible to understand things that we

The physician should be honest and open before the patient give consent to have a cerclage and any treatment afterward. The physicians should be considerate of the patient's feeling, therefore he/she should be as sensitive and supportive as possible. The patient should be provide the information in order to make the right decision. Obviously there are reasons to question the moral value in this case since lying and deception can occur. But it should not be the decision-making in this case. Of course, honest is the fundamental ethic in this case (Drane, 2015).

Kant concurred with empiricists that “concepts without perceptions are empty” (lonestar). He acknowledged that concepts and ideas cannot constitute knowledge alone and that innate ideas do not constitute knowledge at all. This brought about his conviction that there must be experience(s) in life for there to be knowledge. His theory was that there are two sorts of reasoning to acquire knowledge: posteriori reasoning and priori reasoning. The posteriori reasoning depends upon experience in the world that provides us with information. For example, if I said that “Barack Obama was the president of the United States in 2010,” I would only know that this is true through experience; I would not be able to determine this through an analysis of the concepts of “president” or “Barack Obama.” In contrast, a priori reasoning does not rely on experience to inform it, but to create the knowledge. Kant believed that with priori reasoning, the dynamic mind relates and understands experiences in terms of causes and effects where an event takes place and causes an experience to happen with the effect of knowledge being gained. Kant's crucial insight here is to argue that experience of a world as we have it is only conceivable if the psyche provides an efficient organizing of its representations; the mind makes deductions prior to experiences, but can only truly experience something in the event that it obtains knowledge from the

Bryan O. Jimenez Professor Anthony Kammas Phil 141g/ Section 49329 April 29th, 2014 Trust Your Own Inner Voice The exercise of one’s reason is what Immanuel Kant promotes in What is Enlightenment (1997) by creating two main environments: the public and the private space. The public sphere is a place to exercise the public reason where individuals are free from obligation of their occupations or vocations. Specifically, individuals are free to write or speak critically, and act freely without any restrictions. Principally, in the public space, individuals have no conditions or hierarchies who tell them to you act in a certain way, so everyone can perform independently. Nevertheless, the public sphere is not the way you act in public; it just

Immanuel Kant was a philosopher who took ideas from the empiricists and rationalists to create is own view of how humans come to knowledge. Essentially updating and blending science and logic based knowledge. Kant was a rationalist, yet had empirical views much like John Locke and David Hume. Kant agreed

He says anything can be in the external world, God, cause and effect, morality, free will but we can never get to know it. The reason why is because although we cannot have knowledge of these things, the moral law (which he calls it) leads to a belief in them (a kind of rational faith). He says reason shows to prove that free will cannot be an effective part of the world because it is deterministic. He justifies his argument by using the categorical imperative. Kant argued that every event in the natural world has a “determining ground,” that is, a cause. So, all human actions, as well as natural events, themselves

He persuasively unveils imperatives both universal and hypothetical, the elements of unconventional practical reason, and examples of extreme controversy that force people to consider situations from a previously unconsidered moral perspective; however, Kant’s initial moral work is not without its critique: ranging from