Karst Landscapes

Reaction 3- 1. Obtained a clean and dry test tube and placed a small amount ( about the size of a jelly bean) of ammonium carbonate into the test tube.

In this experiment, it is very important to ensure that the deionized water is just basic and not acidic in order to obtain accurate results. Calcium oxalate does not precipitate in an acidic solution because of the formation of H2C2O4-, an ion that does not precipitate with Ca2+ . Allowing the precipitate to settle is also very

The solution of the formed ash and the water is basic, which was shown using the pH paper where its color became blue. A chemical change occurred. It is described using the following chemical reaction:

= = == Calcium Carbonate + Hydrochloric Acid Calcium Chloride + Water + Carbon Dioxide Equipment ---------

Of course, the rock cycle is also linked with the concept of erosion, as the breaking down of material is very important to the cycle (Hamilton & Hamilton, 2008). A prime example of this occurrence can be found at the site of the Glasshouse Mountains in Australia.

Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction of carbon dioxide with limewater. The formula for the active substance in limewater is on the pipet, and the products of the reaction are calcium carbonate and water.

The land is uplifted crust blocks that form parallel ranges but surface water doesn’t run to the ocean. Instead, it evaporates over time leaving a salt flat.

H2o co2 and h2co3 help in the dissolution of limestone and which produces bi carbonate which helps in the forming of caves and landscapes.

Have you ever wondered how landmarks like the “The Tepees” in the Painted Desert of Arizona came to be? Erosion and weathering are the main culprits behind the creation of these unique and beautiful attractions. The mechanical and chemical procedure that modify objects on Earth’s surface over time are called weathering. Erosion is the method of taking weathered material from one region to another. Weathering is the breaking down of rock, soil, and minerals. Erosion is the development of being eroded by wind, water, or other natural causes. Weathering is grinding out of man-made or natural landforms. Erosion is the weathering out of surface soil and rock worn way through natural causes like water and wind for example.

Finally ensure that your results are accurate. You should have a light blue precipitate remaining when the sodium carbonate reacts with the copper chloride and when sodium sulphate ionises with copper chloride no precipitate should have formed.

The karst terrain which creates the geomorphic conditions for sinkholes is a broad topic in the field of geology, and encompasses the study of groundwater, drainage, chemical processes, and many other considerations. Essentially, karst regions are located where the rock below the earth can be dissolved by the acidic groundwater which percolates through it (The Science of Sinkholes). These areas are underlain by soluble rocks such as gypsum, limestone, and dolomite which typically react with carbonic acid (H2CO3) from groundwater to dissolve the rock. Presence of limestone is

Acid deposition can come in two forms, dry and wet. Wet deposition is when the acid falls in the form of fog, snow or other precipitation. Dry deposition is found in dry areas where it does not precipitate often. In these areas the chemicals fall as dust or smoke, and stick to whatever they land on. Acid deposition can be result to both natural and manmade sources. Natural sources of acid deposition include electrical storms, volcanoes, and decaying vegetation. Man-made emissions, from power plants that burn fossil fuels are released into the atmosphere as nitrogen oxides (NOx), and sulfur dioxide (SO2). These elements react to oxygen, water, and other gasses in the atmosphere in order to form acidic compounds. These acidic compounds then fall in either a wet or dry form. Acid rain can have a potentially devastating effects on the ecosystem it falls on. When acid rain hits the ground, it faces a natural buffer in the soil often in the form of limestone and calcium carbonate. The water will then travel into either a stream or a lake, where it affects fish. If the fallen rain has a pH at or below 5 undesirable species invade, often in the form of mosses or plankton. The top layer of water becomes too acidic for the inhabitants reproductive cycle to work properly, slowly killing off the

The first reaction involves pyrite rock reacting with oxygen (air) and water to produce dissolved ferrous iron, sulfate, and acidity. The second reaction oxidizes the dissolved ferrous iron in acidic conditions and produces ferric iron and water. The third reaction involves the hydrolysis of the ferric iron to form ferric hydroxide and more acid. The ferric hydroxide is the orangey-red colored solid you see in the water (Juniata College).

Past 360 million years ago, Kentucky was approximately 10 degree to the south of the equator when caves started to form. Kentucky was also occupied with water containing tiny organism having shells of calcium carbonate. When these tiny organisms died, shells accumulation of these creatures together with calcium carbonate emanating from water, built up more than millions of years such that it was hundreds of feet thick. On top of these formations, fifty feet of sandstone were deposited by another river system. Sandstone and limestone were exposed when the sea level started to fall approximately 280 million ago (Thompson & Thompson, 2003). When rivers that we have today started to form, sandstone topped plateau covered the Green River whereas a low limestone plain extended towards southeast direction (Call,

The volume of carbon dioxide gas produced from a reaction was measured in order to determine what carbonate sample was used. A gas assembly apparatus was used to capture the gas from a reaction between an unknown carbonate and 6M hydrochloric acid; three trials were performed. The mass of the unknown carbonate was determined, and the reaction occurred in a test tube. The volume of gas produced by the reaction was measured, and the partial pressure of carbon dioxide was calculated after the partial pressure of water vapor was determined using Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressures. The percent mass of carbon dioxide gas was then calculated, and the average mass percent was compared to the table of known carbonates. It was concluded that the unknown carbonate sample used in the reaction was magnesium carbonate.