Kawasaki Disease Case Study

The considerations in the differential include the listed symptoms. The possibility of a DVT is the most urgent and requires immediate evaluation due to the potential consequences to the patient. The patient has a positive Homan’s sign, reduced pulses, the swelling of the left lower leg. This diagnosis is likely. The diagnosis of cellulitis is also a possibility due to the redness along with the swelling of the lower left extremity. However, the patient’s body temperature is normal, indicating the lack of infection

If a streptococcal infection such as pharyngitis or scarlet fever is left untreated, there is a small (~3%) chance that within approximately 20 days, the patient will present with rheumatic fever. After the first bout of rheumatic fever, if the host acquires a second untreated S. Pyogenes infection, the chance of coming down with rheumatic fever jumps substantially to ~50%. Most often this secondary disease will strike people aged 6-15 years old, roughly 20 days after the streptococcal infection, with a 2-5% mortality rate. One of the major diagnostic symptoms of this disease is Erythema Marginatum, snake- or ring-like eruptions covering the trunk, upper arms, and legs. Other symptoms include fever, arthritis (elbows, knees, wrists, and ankles), swollen joints, pain in the abdomen, nodules

Kawasaki disease, also known as mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome, is a very frightening disease amongst children. It affects people by causing inflammation in the arteries throughout the body, including the coronary arteries, which supplies the muscles with blood. This disease is the leading cause of acquired heart disease among first world countries (Gordon, Kahn,

Further analysis identifies The National Collaborating Centre for Women's and Children's Health (2013), emphasising the importance of avoiding unnecessary treatment in children with a self-limiting viral illness, while The World Health Organisation (2000) recommends the management of fever in children to include the use of paracetamol for children with fever of 39 oC or over. Insufficient data, however support this recommendation.

Once Kawasaki Disease has been diagnosed, beginning treatment is critical to be started fast. The child will be admitted to the hospital to be under constant observation and receive intravenous therapy. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and aspirin are the most important treatments to begin. Intravenous immunoglobulin, specifically Gammagard for Kawasaki disease, is classified as a biologic response modifier (med book) it is used as an unlabeled use that research has shown to reduce fever and the risk of heart problems by providing additional antibodies to fight disease-carrying organisms (Kawasaki disease - Treatment). IVIG is most effective in the first 10 days of the disease. It has been reported that approximately 20% of children do not respond to the initial dose IVIG, and require either another dose or other experimental medication to try and obtain the same effects (Kawasaki Disease Clinic). Aspirin is given during the acute

Kawasaki disease is an acute vasculitis that occus in children under five years of age. It is a rare childhood illness but dangerous. The causes of this disease is still unknown. It often occurs in late winter snd early spring. The signs and symptoms of kawasaki is divided in three stage. Firstly, in early stage, patients have a fever that last more than five days, red tongue and swollen lips. Red eyes, body rash and swollen lymph nodes in neck are also appear during this time. After that, the skin of hands and feet are peel, joint paint. Some patient may also has a diarrhea or abdominal pain. The late stage, that signs and symptoms are appear around or more 8 weeks. There has some complication of kawasaki on heart, for example: vasculitis,

Kawasaki Disease is a vasculitis (an inflammation of blood vessels) of the medium-sized arteries. It specifically affects the coronary arteries in approximately 20% of patients. Kawasaki Disease affects children between the ages of 1 and 8 years old. In the United States, there are approximately 3 to 5 thousand cases annually. Although rare it can affect adults and infants under the age of 4 months. (Merck Manual) Kawasaki Disease is the leading cause of acquired heart disease in the developed world. (GP, Mar 2010)

The febrile infant is a common clinical problem that accounts for a large number of ambulatory care visits. Young febrile infants (ages 0–3 months) often present with nonspecific symptoms and it is difficult to distinguish between infants with a viral syndrome and those with early serious bacterial illness (e.g., meningitis, bacteraemia, urinary tract infection (UTI), and pneumonia).

Kawasaki disease is a rare condition that causes swelling and inflammation of the walls of the blood vessels (vasculitis). This condition also affects the mucous membranes, lymph nodes, skin, and heart. It is important to treat Kawasaki disease as soon as possible to help prevent any lasting effects.

What are some of the symptoms? One of the first symptoms is that the patient’s begin with a high fever lasting more than five days. Reports have also said that there will be red eyes, lips and mouth, their tongue will be like a strawberry color, swollen hands and feet and swollen lymph nodes. This disorder affects the mucous membranes, walls of the blood vessels and the heart. The most important aspect of the disease is the heart’s involvement.” This disease can cause inflammation of blood vessels in the coronary arteries, which can lead to aneurysms. Kawasaki is the leading cause of acquired heart disease in children.”

Imagine constantly being worried and on edge as if you are always on the brink of danger never sure of what may be going on. This is what affects me in my daily life, the interaction I am going to talk about happened to me a long time ago and it’s nearly impossible to described what happened because I was too young to remember the interaction. However even though I am unable to remember the interaction it’s effects still haunt me to this day and I will use metaphorical language to try and describe the experience. Basically when I was just a newborn baby about 5 or 6 months old I developed kawasaki's disease which created red splotches all over my body. However at the time no one knew what was wrong with me so my parents took me to the hospital

The primary diagnosis selected in this patient is cherry angioma, as the clinical presentation and history best supports this diagnosis. The patient presented with a non-painful, non-pruritic papular rash limited to the trunk of the body with no other negative symptoms. A drug eruption could be responsible for a red rash on the patient’s trunk, but the patient denies any use of new medications and the rash is not generalized, pink, and morbilliform, how drug rashes usually are presented (Ball et al., 2015). Pityriasis Rosea meets some of the criteria, but the rash is not itchy, scaly, or in oval patches, and the patient denies any recent illnesses (Dains, Baumann, & Scheibel, 2016). Thrombocytopenic purpura is a contender for a priority

As many as half of those infected with Q fever will display no symptoms. When symptoms are displayed they appear after approximately two to three weeks after exposure, and may include any variety of: high fever, severe headache, chest pain, abdominal pain, diarrhea, vomiting, nausea, shallow cough, chills or sweats, and myalgia. Less commonly, more serious conditions such as pneumonia, inflammation of the liver, inflammation of the heart tissue, or central nervous system complications do occur. Less than two percent of hospitalized cases result in death. It is possible for Coxiella Burnetii to remain within the host after an infection. This has the potential to cause constant or recurring fatigue, severe headaches, night sweats, sensitivity to light, muscle or joint pain, mood changes, and difficulty sleeping. This post-Q fever fatigue syndrome occurs in less than a forth of those who contract the disease. Chronic Q fever occurs in less than five percent of those who are infected with Q fever. In this case, it is possible for a resurgence to occur shortly after the initial infection, or many years later. Q fever may affect the body in different ways. Aortic aneurysms, infection of the bones, liver, or reproductive organs, and endocarditis. Endocarditis is recognized by the infection or inflammation of the lining or valves of the heart. The form endocarditis form of chronic Q fever is the most common, and accounts for most of the deaths due to Q fever, as it maintains a twenty-five to sixty percent fatality rate. (Centers for Disease Control 2013, Taber’s Cyclopedic Medical Dictionary,

Based on the history of Kawasaki syndrome , it is stated that the first case of an unusual illness with rash and fever had been detected in a 4 year old child by one of the doctor in Japan named Tomisaku Kawasaki [4]. Specifically,this first case had been found at the Red Cross Hospital in Tokyo, Japan .Kawasaki syndrome is an illness that frequently occurs among young children. It usually affects children ages 1 to 2 years and is less common in children which age more than 8 years. This syndrome is not a contagious disease but has the ability to harm the coronal artery of the children which functions to carry blood to heart muscles . Kawasaki syndrome can be categorised as one of the serious illness in the medical field since it has the

Differential diagnoses for the case study presented above include scarlet fever, measles, roseola, and Kawasaki disease (KD) (Glass, 2014). Scarlet fever presents within one to two days of the onset of symptoms from a group A streptococcal infection (Friedman, Scholes & Yoon, 2014). The rash associated with scarlet fever is diffuse, fine, erythematous, and blanches with pressure (Friedman et al., 2014). A strawberry-appearing tongue is also associated with scarlet fever (Friedman et al., 2014). Measles is associated with lethargy, high fevers, Koplik spots, and a maculopapular rash that spreads from the face and trunk to the extremities (Levin, 2014). Typically, the fevers will resolve within two to three days after the rash appears (Levin, 2014). Roseola is characterized by drowsiness, high fevers, febrile seizures, irritability, otitis media, mild diarrhea, and respiratory distress (Glass, 2014).