Kent Cavern

A. C. H., was discovered in the loft space above the office of the Keeper of Zoology—the office Hinton had occupied from 1936 to 1945. This was the first concrete evidence implicating Hinton in the Piltdown hoax (Gardiner, 2003). Contained in the trunk were x teeth similarly stained to the materials discovered at Piltdown I, while several other materials, such as elephant and hippopotami teeth and bone fragments, had been whitened similar in fashion to the ‘cricket bat’ found at the Piltdown II site; the cricket bat having been made form an elephant femur. Hinton had experimented with bone and tooth staining (De Groote et al., 2016) predominantly staining them with iron to match the gravels of a Pleistocene era (Gardiner, 2003)… Also among Hinton’s effects, were eight human teeth that had been stained with iron, chromium, and manganese (Gardiner & Currant, 1996), similar to those of the Piltdown site. When the fluorine dating method was implemented this further incriminated Hinton as the findings from the Piltdown I site evidenced “a recent ape jaw and canine had been artificially modified, stained and planted at Piltdown I, along with parts of a similarly stained recent human skull” (De Groote, 2016, p. 4). The method Hinton practiced (evidenced by the findings in his trunk) was unique to him—a signature—therefore, implicating him as the Piltdown

The Repton Long Barrow sits between the parish church and the River Esk in Repton, Bluffshire, U.K. Last summer, I examined evidence for previous disturbance(s) of the site and assessed the extent to which the original Neolithic burial mound remained intact. I excavated two different sites on the mound, one on the east end and another on the west end of the barrow. While excavating and cleaning each of the sections, I recovered artifacts and human bones. I was also able to draw a stratigraphic profile of each excavation site. Using documentary sources pertaining to the Repton Long Barrow site to assist in my interpretation of the history, I was able to reconstruct the

The last article talks about the 59th Unnamed Cave, in Florida. This cave is located in the eastern part of the Florida Panhandle. From the dates of the artifacts and the dates of the glyph, the site was occupied in the Late Woodland period. The cave was discover in 2007 when a group of cave explorer saw fine engravings on the wall. This site was the first cave art site that was found in Florida and it is the second rock art site that was found in the states. Rock art is very rare in Florida, but now with the site found there is a wider perspective on the importance of rock art. The site did not only include the petroglyph drawing of the past, but it included some artifacts that was use to help date the time that the cave was occupied.

This article talks about the study of the Dunbar Cave in Montgomery County, Tennessee to learn more about the varied ways that the cave was used by people. Many of the artifacts that was in the cave linked its usage time to be from the Late Paleo-Indian to the Mississippian period. The article define dark-zone cave art as “the decorations in the areas of the caves that is beyond the reach of external lights”. Mug Glyph Cave art was found in the 12th Unnamed Cave in Tennessee and since then sixty-nine other caves that had dark-zone cave art were found. The artifacts and chronological data from these sites indicates that the tradition of cave art began 6000 years ago.

Environmental issues, here in Arkansas, are relatively scarce when it comes to pollution and other factors. Arkansans tend to protect their land, below the ground and above sea level. For example, investigate the Blanchard Springs Caverns. With jagged rocks, sharp and pointed structures, low temperatures, and high humidity, these caverns are a joy to see. Environmentally, these caverns are beautifully maintained. (Galiano). Caves are underground, naturally changing due to many environmental factors. However, personal touching or harming of any part of the cavern is strictly prohibited. As a result, the cave only benefits or is obstructed by natural environmental changes, not by humans. All of this is said to say this: We, as Arkansans, are

CT sweeps and 3-D projections of the rib with the shot in it demonstrate that the bone section is, truth be told, a lance point. For Waters, Manis wasn't a disengaged practice in investigating overlooked locales. As a for example, he and his previous graduate understudy, Jesse Halligan, now at the University of Wisconsin-Lacrosse, have as of late re-unearthed Page-Ladson, a sinkhole on the Florida beg that a large number of years prior would have been above ocean level. There, in the 1990s, archeologists found that antiquated individuals likely executed a mastadon in the sinkhole. They found a few pieces from stone apparatuses and a mastodon tusk with cut blemishes on it. Dating adjacent seeds returned times of around 14,400 years of age. However, as with the Manis discover, associates chose not to see to the outcomes. The previous summer, in any case, Halligan found a vast piece of a biface in an indistinguishable layer from the past finds. Radiocarbon dates on twigs and seeds found around it could affirm the prior work at the site. "My reasoning is you can reinvestigate these locales that have guarantee and check whether they work out," Waters says. "Once in awhile you win, here and there you

The Naracoorte caves provides plenty of information about the history during the Pleistocene era. In terms of a scientific understanding, Palaeontologists have excavated and dated many of the fossils in Naracoorte Caves and have reconstructed the skeletons of a number of the megafauna that inhabited the area so many years ago. This gives them a better understanding of the evidence supporting Australia’s changing environment, climate and fauna and how each of these contributing factors have played a major role in the extinction of these megafauna's. With the reasons provided, the protection of the Naracoorte caves is essential as the caves holds many scientific evidence and fascinating values as well as Australia's record of

Skulls dating back to the 1000s CE were found with man-made holes in them, being the first pieces of evidence of brain surgery. Most of the skulls from this time showed no signs of bone repair, meaning that surgery must have been fatal at one point. (National Geographic 2008) The development of brain surgery took place over the next 400 years, showing an immense amount of improvement in the procedure. The most recent skulls found by archeologists demonstrated many signs of bone repair, and researchers even discovered that bone surgery went from being fatal to have a 90% success rate in the 1400s (National Geographic 2008).

9). Serpent Mound is well documented and has peaked archaeologist and other researchers interest for a long time, the first excavation dates back to Putnam in the 1890s (Herrmann and others 2014, p. 117). However, the age of construction for Serpent Mound has been a point of contestation for researchers. Researchers propose two time periods for construction, either Adena (~2,300 years ago) or Fort Ancient (~900 years ago) (Herrmann 2014, p. 119). Recently published work, as of 2017, done by Romain and others have provided strong evidence for Adena construction, radio carbon dates from GeoProbe core samples, LiDAR analyses, and electrical resistivity ground imaging surveys support their hypothesis (2017). Despite of initial construction of Serpent Mound, Hermann and Others do not deny that later Fort Ancient and other cultural groups occupied the site, making the site multi-occupational (2014,

The fossils that are yet to be found in this project just very well may double the museum’s collection which is already at 3.5 million fossils. The project contains 16 fossil deposits that were recently unknown which makes us wonder how many more deposits are there left to discover (The Natural History Foundation, 2016). As technology advances and our understanding of these fossils grows it will be interesting to see what the future years will bring to the field of

The site of Qafzeh/Skhul was uncover by Theodore D. McCown and is located in the Qafzeh and Es Skhul Caves of Israel. Skull Cave is located on beautiful Mount Carmel, and nearby is the Qafzeh Cave, which is a rock shelter in Lower Galilee. The hominid fossils that these caves have unveiled have been dated at 80,000-120,000 years old. This dating has been done using electronic spin resonance, as well as using a thermoluminescence dating technique. From searching through Qafzeh, around 15 individuals remains have been found. Also found near the bodies remains were 71 pieces of red ocher stained tools, which leads us to believe that this could have been ritual at a burial site. These remains could have come from two groups of people living

Mount Scopus, Har Hatsofim in Hebrew, translated as Mount of the Watchmen, is a natural elevation of 2700 feet over the sea level. It is located in northeast Jerusalem, overlooking the Temple Mount, the new City and the Judean desert. On the clear day a visitor can see as far as Dead sea. Mount Scopus is mentioned by ancient historian Josephus Flavious in his famous work The Jewish War. It describes the arrival of Roman general Titus to the gates ofJerusalem.

circular earth bank and ditch, which constitute the earliest phase of the monument, have been

(3) Archeologists have found skulls that show healing following the procedure and conclude many did survive the trepanning (2)

My outside source for questions 3 and 4 is a journal by Pat Shipman titled Fossils. This journal was published in The New Scientist Vol. 215, Issue 2876, p. 8-16.