Kepler-438b Research Paper

NASA discovered a system of seven Earth-size planets around a single star outside our solar system. All of these seven rocky planets could have water which is a key to life and three of them are firmly located in the habitable zone. This system is about 40 light-years (235 trillion miles) from Earth. Because of locating outside of our solar system, these planets are scientifically known as exoplanets. This exoplanet system is called TRAPPIST-1, name of telescope in Chile. Researchers using TRAPPIST announced they had discovered three planets in the system and then discovered more to seven by several ground-based telescopes. Moreover, NASA used data from Spitzer to measure the sizes of the seven planets and estimates the masses and density of six of them. The data indicated that they are likely to be rocky and could have liquid water on their surfaces but the mass of the seventh has not been estimated yet. Scientists assumed it could be an icy like snowball world. The temperature of TRAPPIST-1 star is cooler than our sun,

The possibility of life beyond Earth is a tantalizing idea long prompting our species to wonder if there are other worlds where life exists. As space technology advances, the chances of finding life on other planets are now greater than ever. With new technologies such as satellites and solar panels, scientists are able to expand their exploration farther into our solar system. In 1995, an astronomer named Michel Mayor together with Didier Queloz discovered 51 Pegasi b. This was truly an incredible discovery that rocked the science community. Pledges b, a wobbling star the size of our sun, was slowly approaching, and according to Mayor’s

A red dwarf star’s HZ, for example, would be much closer to the star itself compared with that of our sun. It is also important to determine the planet’s size and mass, which is imperative in deciding whether it can sustain an atmosphere. Maintaining an atmosphere is essential for life to exist and small a planet with a small gravitational force at its surface may not be capable of retaining one. The Kepler transit data can only measure planet masses, diameters, orbital periods, and parent star types and although this information is useful for determining habitable zones, further data is required to determine true habitability. The latter can be done by studying the composition of the exoplanet’s atmosphere.

Then red dwarf star that was discovered by Michal Gillion and his team with the spencer telescope. Once they discovered this star that is a lot small and colder than our sun, it allowed them to get a vision of the seven planets. The star is about 40 light years away. There are not 3 or four planets but there are 7 earth like planets.

The exoplanet known as Kepler-453b is what is known as a circumbinary planet. A circumbinary planet is a planet that orbits two stars, and Kepler-453b is the tenth such planet discovered so far. It is a timely discovery not only because it was discovered at around the same time that news broke out of the world’s superpowers looking to make Star Wars a reality by waging war in space, but also because the real-life Tatooine was discovered by chance in a classic case of being in the right place at the right time.

Humans have been searching for a habitable extraterrestrial planet before Galileo even assembled the first telescope. Since then, we have identified 1030 extraterrestrial planets, but only an esteemed handful of these copious supply of planets would even permit the hardiest of bacteria and single-celled organisms, let alone intelligent life. Kepler-452b is one of the most speculated planets yet discovered because it orbits within the Goldilocks Zone, or the perfect distance from its star so that surface temperatures of the planet remain stable for liquid water, and thus for life. Given that it is 60% larger than earth, takes 385 days to orbit its star, Kelper-452b exhibits almost every desirable characteristic of a habitable planet. However, it is a jaw-dropping 6 billion years old, or 1.5 billion older that our own sun.

much bigger. Its sheer size in relation to the nine known planets means that it can only be

This implies that the Kepler 11 planetary system is very much like our solar system. The distance (m) of Kepler-11b

Scientists found a new plant that has this star that’s so hot that they disbelieve there could be any molecules living on this planet named “Kelt-9b”. The founders go to the Ohio State University in Columbus, Ohio the team tells us how this planet is three times bigger than Jupiter, and the star that lives as its next door neighbor is nearly twice as hot as our own sun. The planet moves around the sun like star every one and a half earth days one side of the planet is locked into a face to face with the star which makes the face of Kelt-9b be around 7,820 degrees Fahrenheit. For a long time scientists have been focused on finding small planets by cool stars because technology today it’s easier to study atmospheres of planets potentially find

have yet been detected on any of the nearly 2,000 scientifically confirmed exoplanets. So we

One of the first thing that he came up with was he made three laws, later known to be called Kepler’s laws. The first law he came up with is that planets rotate in elliptical paths around the sun. Which leads to his second finding and then later became known as his second law, he figured out that planets rotations are faster as they get more near the sun, then slower as they get further away from the sun. His third and final law dealt with the distance between the planet and the sun and how long it completed an orbit around the sun. Kepler used basic and simple mathematics to figure out how planets move, which proves him to be a very intelligent man at his time and in history. Kepler’s discoveries as well as many other astronomers put him and

The topic of finding life on another planet, or seeing if we are the only ones in our Universe has been a mystery to us since the beginning of time. One of the closest findings NASA has found to this topic was exoplanets. Exoplanet is defined as a planet that orbits a star outside the solar system. NASA’s Kepler Space Telescope is the main telescope used to search for exoplanets that have similar features to Earth, and habitability on these exoplanets. NASA has found over 2,000 exoplanets so far, and out of those, there are only about eight exoplanets that seem to have a possibility on being a habitable exoplanets. Among these eight, Kepler 62f seems to be the most plausible.

Currently, there is only one planet we know of to host life, and that is our home planet Earth. The question remains as to what is exactly needed for a planet to be considered habitable, but scientists have developed a handful of criteria to help distinguish what planets could be “just right” for life. The ongoing search for possible habitable planets has produced many remarkable findings but nothing quite as extraordinary as the discovery of the system Trappist-1. According to nasa.gov, it is the first known system of seven Earth-size planets around a single star, and it meets the criteria to possibly sustain life (“NASA Telescope Reveals” p.1). This discovery poses a likely answer to the question “are we alone” and drives our search for finding out more about what is out there.

The main searches for exoplanets are being done by space missions. The Kepler space mission is finding the most exoplanets, however there are many other space missions like Gaia, MOST, CoRoT, and SWEEPS, that are finding exoplanets in habitable zones. There are also ground missions including the Anglo Australian Planet Search and HARPS which is done in Geneva. This graph shows all the exoplanets found that are less than 10Me or 1.5Re mapped on the habitable zone. The sizes of the circles indicate the radius of the planet, which has been estimated, if not

On April 18th, 2013, NASA’s Kepler satellite had detected an exoplanet in the Kepler-62 star system, Kepler-62e, one of the farthest exoplanets from its parent system within Kepler-62’s orbit. Using transit photometry, NASA could find a total of 5 exoplanets orbiting this star, including Kepler-62e. With a mass of around 36 earth masses and a radius 60 percent larger than Earth’s, Kepler-62e was a rather easy discovery using transit photometry. Transit photometry involves calculating the magnitude of a star over time; watching for deviations in the star’s magnitude to differentiate whether the deviation is normal or increased. For the record, any detected star system receives the designation “Kepler” in lieu of the Kepler satellite which detects them; planets are given the same name with the exception of a letter added onto the end.