King John 1 Research Paper

Edward IV died in 1483 and his son, Edward V, was the designated heir. Richard was named protector by Edward IV before he died but this did not sit well with the Queen whom, with the help of her supporters, removed Richard from this position of power. However, not all of Edward’s old councilors agreed with the Queen and helped Richard make sure that he was named protector. Richard then pledged allegiance to Edward V (Encyclopedia Britannica, 2016). However, one month after Edward VI’s death Edward V and his brother were imprisoned by Richard and he took the throne (McDowall, 1989).

Richard was born on September 8, 1157, at Beaumont Palace in Oxford, England. He was the fourth child and third son of King Henry II of England and Eleanor of Aquitaine. Not much is known about Richard’s education; however, he could not speak English, and

III. As the heir to Richard III, John de la Pole was a major potential

He was known for beginning to abuse his power against the nobles. He had almost unlimited power and he took advantage of it by demanding big amounts of money without talking to nobles. After losing a war, he had to make sure that the nobles would support him so he had agreed to sign a “royal charter” called the Magna Carta. A result of King John signing the Magna Carta he agreed that he would no longer abuse his power.

King Richard the First was born on 1157, in Oxford England. He died in 1199 due to an arrow to the shoulder, the wound was not that bad, but the surgeon did such a bad job that he died a few days later due to gangrene. King Richard the First was the third son of Henry the second. He and his brothers were always fighting with their father because he put their mother in prison. When his

As King John I grew up with his father as king, he was able to learn how to govern a country, and how he would lead the people when he later became king. As a Child, feud between family members was common. John often fought with his brother, and John’s mother was seen as his father’s prisoner (English Edward). Since there was conflict in John’s life as a child, conflict surfaced later on during his reign against other government officials and countries. Even though John was his father’s favorite son, he was not heir to his father’s throne and it took John many years to become king. John’s older brother Richard was the heir to the

Richard was the third son of Henry II and Eleanor of Aquitaine, and he was given the duchy of Aquitaine, his mother’s inheritance, at the age of 11 and was enthroned as duke at Poitiers in 1172. Richard possessed precocious political and military ability, he won fame for his knightly prowess, and quickly learned how to control the

"When your opponent uses sincerity, that's when it gets awfully confusing." John, Henry's favorite son, does not even know when he is merely acting. So, when Henry announces that Richard is going to be the new heir, he is playing with John's emotions.

During this time he turned to religion and Shakespeare. His religion alienated him from people in civilization too, as they didn't have such a practice. Shakespeare alienated John because he learned a different vocabulary that no one else used. While exiled in the lighthouse some Delta-Minus workers saw John whipping himself for the sake of purification (pg. 248). After they saw him, reporters came and started trying to interview him.

John became king after his father and brother died. He married Isabella countess of Gloucester in 1189 to 1199 CE and then he married Isabella of Angoulême in 1200 CE until his death in 1216 CE. King John was an aggressive and lazy king, who took advantage of people. He broke a lot of laws before Magna Carta as he believed that he was above the law, he had absolute power and could do whatever he fancied.

King Henry V wanted to continue the negotiations with France and made some demands that the French thought was ridiculous. King Henry V was willing to give up some items in the Treaty but only if France paid 1.6 million crowns; part of the debt owed his ancestors for the capture of John II. In addition, he wanted the France to give up Aquitaine, Normandy, Touraine, Anjou, Brittany, Flanders and other territories. King Henry would marry the Princess of France, King Charles VI daughter and received pay of 600,000 crowns (Keegan 80).

John also had to worry about the Barons, he needed their support, but they had enough of the high and raising taxes that John was demanding from them. This meant they weren’t happy with his

King John was excommunicated from the church in 1209 for seizing church property and selling it back to the church at a profit. He then used these funds to build an English Navy to invade Ireland in 1210. He then furthered his exhibition to invade Poitou, France and after a humiliating defeat to France, King John headed back to England to rebuild his reserves and his

The nobles hated this, especially because England kept losing wars, so they essentially were funding wars that England didn’t even win. It also didn’t help that King John wasn’t very popular with the nobles, this was because he lost Normandy to France, which made John look weak. He also kept collecting money from them to fund more wars, that they kept losing. Also, because John tried to take back Normandy and was brutally defeated at the Battle of Bouvines in 1214. The nobles were also tired of King John taking their sons and using them for the military.

Eventually, Richard was killed in another military exploit and John was crowned king in April of 1199. John has been characterized as one of the worst English kings in history and it largely seems to be a correct portrayal. John lost the duchy of Normandy to King Phillip of France, giving Phillip the resources he would later need to wage war against England. The loss of this territory left John living in England where “his disagreeable personality brought him into regular conflict with his barons.” John was also very determined to reconquer “Normandy and the rest of his lost French lands [which] drove him to an extortionate form of government…he devoted himself to squeezing as much money as humanly possible out of his subjects, particularly his barons and the Church.” To make matters worse, John treated hostages and prisoners abominably and may have killed his nephew.