King John Outline

Who was King Arthur? Most people would tell of a great King; a devoted circle of heroic knights; mighty castles and mightier deeds; a time of chivalry and courtly love; of Lancelot and Guinevere; of triumph and death. Historians and archaeologists, especially Leslie Alcock, point to shadowy evidence of a man who is not a king, but a commander of an army, who lived during the late fifth to early sixth century who may perhaps be the basis for Arthur. By looking at the context in which the stories of King Arthur survived, and the evidence pertaining to his castle Camelot and the Battle of Badon Hill, we can begin to see that Arthur is probably not a king as the legend holds.

III. As the heir to Richard III, John de la Pole was a major potential

A king was expected to sit on his throne, give demands to his people and rule his kingdom. It is unheard of for a medieval King to charge around on his horse and organize knights or to look for the Holy Grail. According to the information that has been given; King Arthur has fought in twelve battles. However, based on the facts, these battles took place in so many different times and places that it would have been impossible for one man to participate in all of them. The actions of King Arthur do not correspond with the typical actions of a king because after the death of his mother, Merlin (the powerful wizard) took him away. Merlin gave young Arthur away to Sir Ector, who raised young Arthur as his son. However, Sir Ector did not know that young Arthur was the son of Uther Pendragon (King of Britain). Eleven years later, the young Arthur ends up pulling the sword out of the stone and becomes the king of Britain. For a kid to pull the sword out of the stone subsequently and being crowned after that event is very extraordinary.

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These two kings were fighting over land in modern southwestern France. The men both prepared to go to war with each other, so they both wanted the churches in their kingdoms to pay taxes to help fund for the war. However, according to the canon law they church didn’t have to pay taxes to the lay ruler, unless the lay ruler got approval from the pope to tax the church. Despite, knowing the rulers both kings taxed the churches from their kingdoms without papal authorization, thus testing the Papacy’s power. The clergy had to choose between the kings or the Pope. Although, the pope had to power to excommunicate any clergy that disobeyed him, he didn’t win the conflict. The French king Philip IV cut off the wealth from France that was sent to the Pope. This cut off a major amount of Boniface income, causing the pope to back down. Meaning the kings of England and France had the power to tax their clergy, no matter what the canon law

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As King John I grew up with his father as king, he was able to learn how to govern a country, and how he would lead the people when he later became king. As a Child, feud between family members was common. John often fought with his brother, and John’s mother was seen as his father’s prisoner (English Edward). Since there was conflict in John’s life as a child, conflict surfaced later on during his reign against other government officials and countries. Even though John was his father’s favorite son, he was not heir to his father’s throne and it took John many years to become king. John’s older brother Richard was the heir to the

Acre fell in July 1191, and on September 7, Richard’s brilliant victory at Arsuf put the crusaders in possession of Joppa. Twice Richard led his forces to within o few miles of Jerusalem. But the recapture of the city, which constituted the chief aim of the Third Crusade, eluded him. There were fierce quarrels among the French, German, and English contingents. Richard insulted Leopold V, duke of Austria, by tearing down his

However it was not know that Arthur was going to be the king when he was a boy. He grew up thinking he was going to be the squire of his ward brother, Kay. Kay and Arthur both grew up in Sir Ector’s, Kay’s father, Arthur’s guardian, home. Both boys are around the same age. Even though Arthur and Kay’s lives were very similar and the boys were the same rank, Kay treated Arthur like a lesser because of what

The idea of popular consent to royal government emerged in the thirteenth century during the reign of King John from 1199 to 1216. He was the youngest of the five sons of King Henry II of England and Eleanor of Aquitaine. Being the youngest boy, he was not expected to inherit a large amount of land. After his older brothers’ failed rebellion between 1173 and 1174, John became the favored child of his father. He was given the title “Lord of Ireland” in 1177 and received lands in both England and English lands on the European continent. When most of his elder brothers died young, John’s brother Richard, became king 1189 after the death of their father. John was a potential heir to the throne. While his brother was off fighting in the Holy Land with the Third Crusade, John attempted a rebellion against Richard 's administrators which failed. When

King Arthur was told he would be a squire for his brother, Kay, who would be knighted. Arthur did not know who his biological parents were,

In 1214, John lost a battle to the French in Bouvines, France. After hearing of his loss, King John demanded more

John was not a trusted King. Many of his barons rebelled. The new king was defeated in 1204, which left him with the only choice; to retreat. The leading noblemen of England successfully proceeded when forcing John to accept that they and others had rights against the crown. In order to pay for the defeat, John raised taxes. In 1207, “the pope excommunicated John and put England under a Church law that stated no christening or marriage would be legal until the time the pope said that they would be.” ("King John - History Learning Site"). People of England blamed John. John surrendered the spiritual well-being of the whole country to the pope, but even then John did not earn the full trust of the pope. The king lost another battle, causing him to lose all his land, and to be left with nothing. His nickname coming into play, once again. The barons rebelled, once

Then John angered the Church, which was the last straw. The conflict began over Pope Innocent III and John both wanting the authority to appoint a new Archbishop of Canterbury. This disagreement