King Nebuchadnezzar II: The Best Known King Ancient Babylon

Horrific violence, terrifying threats and public terrors strike fear into the hearts of thousands who oppose the Assyrian Empire. “An Assyrian Emperor’s Resume: Ferocious Conquests a Specialty” remains a paragon of these unspeakable tragedies transpiring around 875 B.C. Written by Ashur-Nasir-Pal II (or one of his subjects), this anecdote highlights his conquests as he claims ancient cities’ wealth, while brutally murdering foreign people and destroying their lands. Geographically, the story takes place in the Middle East, specifically North Mesopotamia. According to the author, he conquers places like Hudun, Zamua, Zamru, Iritu and Ammaru. The historical value behind this piece portrays prominent aspects of their society and depicts how Assyrians reigned, while hinting at the empire’s values; therefore, this historical account provides evidence, which exhibits the attributes of the Near East during Ashur-Nasir-Pal II’s reign.

Darius I ,also known as Darius the Great, was the third king who reigned from 550-486 BCE during the Achaemenid Empire. While he lived, Darius held the empire at its peak, which stretched from the river Nile and parts of Northern Greece to the Indus River Valley. One of the most major events in Darius 's life was his expedition to discipline Athens and Eretria for their support in the Ionian Revolt. He made his empire larger by vanquishing Thrace and Macedon, and occupying Scythia. He also arranged his empire, by splitting it into provinces and placing governors to rule over it. Darius organized a new financial system, along with making Aramaic the official language of the empire. He further worked on establishment projects throughout the empire. Darius also formulated a codification of laws for Egypt. He order the carving of the cliff-face Behistun Inscription, an autobiography of great modern linguistic significance. Darius also started many massive architectural projects including magnificent palaces in Persepolis, and Susa.

Mesopotamia, “the Land between Rivers,” was one of the greatest and the oldest ancient civilizations of the world. This civilization flourished around 3000 B.C. on the piece of fertile land, now known as Iraq, between the rivers Euphrates and Tigris. Before 1792 B.C., the city-states of ancient Mesopotamia were not united and constantly clashed in turmoil and warfare. In 1792 B.C., King Hammurabi conquered and merged the neighboring city states of ancient Mesopotamia, creating a Babylonian empire and becoming the sixth king of its capitol city, Babylon. During his reign, Hammurabi established law and order and funded irrigation, defense, and religious projects. He personally took care of and governed the administration. In

As the Assyrian Empire grew, they built a standing army. A standing army is one made up of professional soldiers whose only job is to fight. The Assyrian soldiers were trained in siege warfare, battle tactics, and hand-to-hand combat. Every spring the Assyrian army would launch a battle campaign. They would conquer rich cities, expanding the Assyrian Empire and bringing back wealth to the king. It is estimated that the size of the Assyrian army at its peak was several hundred thousand soldiers. Building an Empire The kings of the Assyrians used this fearsome army to build and expand their empire. The fear of the army was used to keep the newly conquered people in line. They built forts and roads throughout the empire to help the army to travel quickly to troubled spots. Any rebellion was quickly crushed. Eventually, the Assyrian Empire became too big to manage in this way. The cruelty of the Assyrian soldiers caused rebellion throughout the empire spreading the army thin. When the Babylonians united with the Medes in 612 BC, they overthrew the Assyrians and brought an end to their reign. Warrior Kings The kings of the Assyrians were expected to be warriors themselves. They led the Assyrian army into battle and fought fiercely. Of course, they were surrounded by an elite force of troops whose job was to keep the king alive. Even so, some kings did die in combat, such as Sargon II. Chariots One of the greatest strengths of the

Later on in his life, Alexander continued to show his ability to accomplish many difficult tasks. "After three grueling years of warfare and three decisive battles, Alexander smashed the Persian armies at the Tigris River and conquered the mighty Persian Empire, including the legendary city of Babylon" (“Alexander the Great” ushistory.org). This was a great victory that proved Alexander had what it took to be a great leader. Defeating the Persians was something many leaders could never do, but Alexander

Hammurabi is a notable Amorite king from Babylonia during the time period of 1792-1750 BC. Hammurabi was able to gain control of the lower region of Euphrates Valley during 2050 BC. He gained control of Mesapotamia by being victorious in battles. Hammurabi was so successful, he had control of Babylon, Kish, Sippar and Borsippa under Babylonian control. He made sure he cared for the citizens of the cities and protected them from destructive events. Unfortunately, Hammurabi passed and what he built up, declined. Although the kingdom completely diminished, what Hammurabi did during his existence, lasted.

Alexander the Great is hailed, by most historians, as “The Great Conqueror” of the world in the days of ancient Mesopotamia. “Alexander III of Macedon, better known as Alexander the Great, single-handedly changed the nature of the ancient world in little more than a decade. Alexander was born in Pella, the ancient capital of Macedonia in July 356 BCE. His parents were Philip II of Macedon and his wife Olympias. Philip was assassinated in 336 BCE and Alexander inherited a powerful yet volatile kingdom. He quickly dealt with his enemies at home and reasserted Macedonian power within Greece. He then set out to conquer the massive Persian Empire” (Web, BBC History). It is important to note, which will maybe explain his brutal actions, that

In the time from 1792 to 1750 B.C., King Hammurabi established the capital of Babylon. He gained control over Sumner and Akkad which helped him to reestablish Mesopotamia. Hammurabi saw himself as a man of war and a man of peace. He took strong interest in state affairs, which you can see in the Code of Hammurabi. Hammurabi built temples, defensive walls, and irrigation canals as well as encouraging trade and brought about an economic revival (Spielvogel).

The story of Hammurabi begins around 1810 B.C. when he was born in Babylon (Modern day Iraq). Hammurabi’s father Sin muballit was the fifth king of the Babylon dynasty. He was a great king who was well respected throughout Mesopotamia but he couldn’t compete with Larsa. Hammurabi’s father led an attack on the city of Larsa but was defeated by Rim Sin.

Hammurabi, King of Babylon, created 282 laws for his people for 42 years, 4,000 years ago. He had created these laws so he could make sure the strong do not hurt the weak, these set of laws are called “ Hammurabi’s Code”. He claims that he was inspired by the god of justice, Shamush, to create these laws. Shamush and Hammurabi were carved on a stele. This stele has all of Hammurabi’s Code inscribed on a seven-foot basalt on a vascular plant. The stele has three parts. Carving a, the top of the stele, is an inscribed picture of Hammurabi and Shamush who is sitting on this throne. Next, we have carving b, which is the middle of the stele with scribes of the Prologue. Finally, the last group of carvings were the 282 laws Hammurabi had written.

This topic includes Who ruled Mesopotamia, How the civilization came into power, and how long the power or reign of authority. The person who mostly ruled Mesopotamia was Hammurabi. (Rest in introduction) Mesopotamia’s power came to be through the Babylonian’s rise of power. After the fall of the Akkadian Empire, two new empires rose to power. They were the Babylonians in the south and the Assyrians to the North. The Babylonians were first to form an empire that would encompass all of Mesopotamia. The city of Babylon had been a city-state in Mesopotamia for many years. After the fall of the Akkadian Empire, the city was taken over and settled by the Amorites. The city began its rise to power in 1792 BC when King Hammurabi took the throne. He was a powerful and capable leader who wanted to rule more than just the city of Babylon. Not long after becoming King, Hammurabi began to conquer other city-states within the area. Within a few years, Hammurabi had conquered all of Mesopotamia including much of the Assyrian lands to the North. Under Hammurabi’s rule, the city of Babylon became the most powerful city in the world. Located on the banks of the Euphrates River, the city was a major trade hub bringing together new concepts and products. Babylon also became the largest city in the world at the time with as many as 200,000 people living there at its peak. At the center of the city was a large temple called a ziggurat. This temple looked

The city of Babylon was eventually controlled by Alexander and immediately the other Persia cities like Susa and Persepolis have surrendered. This victory supplied him a great amount of treasures and great number of slaves.

Babylon was one of the many city-states that formed in ancient Mesopotamia. Hammurabi was Babylon’s sixth ruler back in 1754 B.C.E. In an attempt to bring law and order, Hammurabi set a collection of laws engraved in stone on a 7 foot high stele. There were a total of 282 clauses that helped changed the legal system. They were placed for everyone to see. This became one of the most famous ancient legal document. It was also the first time laws were written down. Prior to Hammurabi’s Law Code the laws continuously changed, it was difficult to get a fair trial and there was no stability in justice. This was a way for everyone to see that there will be consequences. Hammurabi believed that the punishment should fit the crime, but not for all

Darius I, also known as Darius the Great, was the third king who reigned from 550-486 BCE during the Achaemenid Empire. While he lived, Darius held the empire at its peak, which stretched from the river Nile and parts of Northern Greece to the Indus River Valley. One of the most major events in Darius 's life was his expedition to discipline Athens and Eretria for their support in the Ionian Revolt. He made his empire larger by vanquishing Thrace and Macedonia, and occupying Scythia. He also arranged his empire, by splitting it into provinces and placing governors to rule over it. Darius organized a new financial system, along with making Aramaic the official language of the empire. He followed religious tolerance that created peace within the empire. Darius order the carving of the cliff-face Behistun Inscription, an autobiography of great modern linguistic significance.

Babylonian civilization is considered as one of the most important civilizations in the ancient world. The Babylonians took and developed everything after the Sumerians civilization especially in the spiritual realm and in the field of building an integrated civilization. The earlier civilizations had big role in the Babylonians civilization period when Babylonians took all the cuneiform writing, mathematical and astronomical knowledge, in addition to that the method of building cities, dams and etc. they improved all of them. The development of knowledge continued by Babylonian where the Sumerians stop, and the Babylonian built an empire for themselves on the banks of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers in the southern part of Sumer (Iraq). "The first Amuriyahian family has ruled over Babylon in the period (1830- 1530 BC), when Babylon was a mini-states at the time." Then the greatest king of Babylonian Hammurabi appeared in the seventeenth century BC. He established a famous group of laws known by (Hammurabi code).Also he was the king who united this petty States and achieved an important architectural movement in the city of Babylon.