Sophocles’ play, King Oedipus is a perfect example of a clear Aristotelian tragedy. In fact, it was so perfect that Aristotle himself considered it the ideal tragedy. An Aristotelian tragedy is “serious action in a dramatic text that portrays incidents arousing pity and fear, causing catharsis in the audience.” Aspects of a tragedy include a tragic hero, who is neither good nor bad, who has a hamartia which causes him to ignore a divine warning or violate a moral law. A common example of hamartia is hubris, or pride. A tragedy is also often accompanied by a peripeteia, which is when the tragic hero has a sudden change of fortune. The tragic hero moves us to pity and also to fear, by showing us how what happened to him could happen to us as …show more content…
He firstly uses a metaphor and the beginning of a light and dark motif when Oedipus says, “Living in perpetual night, you cannot harm me, or anyone who sees the light”, which shows Oedipus’ hubris by disregarding Tiresias’ divinations, which are divine warnings, and also sets up Oedipus as a tragic hero, which he extends on later in the play. Moreover, he uses rhetorical questions when Oedipus says, “Have you the face to stand before my door, proved plotter against my life, thief of the crown?” to show Oedipus’ hubris in assuming that Creon is somehow involved in some kind of plot against his throne just because he suggested that they send for Tiresias to give them information to alleviate the famine in Thebes, and showing his hubris in assuming all this without any evidence whatsoever, again cementing his role as a tragic hero. Finally, Sophocles uses euphemism and irony in the Theban Legend, where he says “And, beside one sharp encounter on the journey to Thebes from Corinth”, which uses an euphemism in omitting to say that Oedipus killed his father, but he uses dramatic irony by showing that Oedipus did not know that he was his father. This further solidifies Oedipus’ role as a tragic hero, and it also serves to give his second fatal flaw: him killing his father, and marrying his wife. Thus Sophocles uses the beginning of King Oedipus …show more content…
However, he also shows that other characters also have some of these tragic qualities and that they contribute to Oedipus’ downfall. Firstly, Sophocles uses irony when Oedipus says, “It is I whom no stranger, no citizen must take to his house; I to whom none may speak; on me is the curse that none but i have laid.” This is an example of irony because it shows that Oedipus sets all these curses for anyone who killed Laius, yet he will end up being ensnared by these curses, which he himself laid. This line references when Oedipus explains about how he kills all of the people in Laius’ party save one, who became a shepherd, and it evokes our terror by showing how Oedipus is capable of such an extreme act of violence, and this shows Oedipus as a tragic hero. Similarly, Sophocles uses irony when Jocasta says, “Where are you now, divine prognostications?” which shows how Oedipus is not the only culprit in this tragedy, and that Jocasta ignores a divine warning, which helps to show the play as an Aristotelian play, and that these characters who are not quite tragic heroes do contribute to Oedipus’ downfall. Lastly, Sophocles uses high modality when Oedipus says, “I must unlock the secret of my birth.” He uses the high modality to show Oedipus’ final hamartia: that he sought the truth until it was too late, and this causes his peripeteia, which
Sophocles uses foreshadowing in Oedipus to tell his own tragedy when speaking to the people of Thebes. The city is in a crisis and is suffering because of the murder of the King, which Oedipus himself killed, unknowingly. of Oedipus, and irony is shown when Oedipus suggest that by avenging Laius he will protect himself, or that by getting children upon Jocasta, the dead king's wife, he will be taking the place of the son of Laius, which, unknowingly, is himself. The irony reaches its peak when Oedipus calls on the prophet Tiresias to help uncover the murder of Laius and seek a cure to the plague; the metaphor of vision is ironic in that the blind Tiresias can see what the seemingly brilliant Oedipus has overlooked, namely the king's crimes of incest and murder. The other major ingredient of the tragic equation, the purging emotion, is worked out by Sophocles. The hubris of Oedipus is demolished when he confides in Jocasta concerning the predictions of the seer Tiresias; she tells him the story of the murder of Laius, and as she speaks Oedipus comes to recognize the scene
In the play Oedipus the King, Sophocles uses dramatic irony to frustrate the audience and create suspense. After the first chorus, Oedipus vows to avenge the death of King Laius and “become [the] son” that Laius could have had if his life did not end (I.i.681). This scene frustrates the audience because they know Oedipus is the murderer, but he is either completely clueless or in denial. Oedipus’ refusal to accept the truth engages spectators by building the urge to witness the realization of his wrong doings. While Oedipus is speaking to Tiresias the prophet, he accuses the prophet of taking the life of the king. In response, the prophet told Oedipus he is “living in [dark] shame with the closest of [his]
Hans Rockwell 8/26/17 Question 1 Question 1.) One of the responses people usually have about Oedipus is if he really deserved the fate that he ended up with. It’s not his fault that Jocasta and Laius tried to outsmart fate and dispose of him.
So the irony is Oedipus had no idea that the person who killed Laius would be himself. After hearing this Oedipus is outraged and says it is all a plan for Creon to over throw him. These examples of irony are also examples of fate and free will. It is fate that Oedipus killed the king, his father, but it is free will that he is cursing and accusing himself.
Sophocles's Oedipus Rex is probably the most famous tragedy ever written. Sophocles's tragedy represents a monumental theatrical and interpretative challenge. Oedipus Rex is the story of a King of Thebes upon whom a hereditary curse is placed and who therefore has to suffer the tragic consequences of fate (tragic flaws or hamartia). In the play, Oedipus is the tragic hero. Even though fate victimizes Oedipus, he is a tragic figure since his own heroic qualities, his loyalty to Thebes, and his fidelity to the truth ruin him.
Sophocles’s reliance on dramatic irony is apparent throughout the entire story. From the start of the play—where Oedipus searches for the murderer of the fallen king—the audience is already aware of Oedipus’s story. Ironically, readers grasp that Oedipus was the murderer of Laius and therefore the cause of the plague. Oedipus himself, however, lacks any knowledge of his participation in the event and believes that he has managed to avoid the prophecy’s fruition. As such, Sophocles’s use of the device affects the way the plot progresses. Mainly, the author bases the conflict on Oedipus’s “blindness”. It draws out the story until it reaches its climax. Throughout the play, Oedipus is in denial of his involvement in the death of Laius despite being told several times of his guilt. One such time occurred when Teiresias, an old blind prophet, reluctantly told Oedipus of his actions. As to be expected, Oedipus reject his words with scorn, threatening the old man. “Do you imagine you can always talk like this, and live to laugh at it hereafter?” (lines 425-426) Oedipus further insults Teiresias physical blindness, not realizing his own metaphorical blindness. As per dramatic irony, however, readers know the one who is truly blind was Oedipus. Teiresias further makes this apparent. “You have your eyes but see not where you are in sin, nor where you live, nor whom you live with. Do you know who your parents are?” (lines 482-484) Events such as these seem to be a recurring theme in the play. Oedipus is made aware of the truth by another character, and then he fervently accuses them. Because of this, the audience becomes familiar with the pattern. The dramatic
Oedipus The King is a tragedy written by Sophocles that emphasises the conflict of human knowledge versus divine knowledge using irony. Human knowledge is limited and very short-sighted, while divine knowledge has no restrictions meaning a person with divine knowledge has a clear idea of the “big picture”. Sophocles uses irony to emphasise the difference in knowledge. Oedipus is the son of Laius, and when the Oracles of Delphi prophesies that Laius will be killed by the hands of his son, Laius leaves the baby (Oedipus) on top of a mountain to die. Oedipus gets rescued and grows up in Corinth, raised by King Polybus as if he were his own son. Still thinking Polybus is his father, Oedipus leaves Corinth when he finds out that he is destined to
Dramatic irony depends on the audience’s knowing something that the character does not, and in this play the audience knows Oedipus faith before he knows it himself. In this play there are several parts where Sophocles conveys his plot through dramatic irony. Dramatic irony underlines how partial human perceptive can be even when it is most reasonable and how agonizing it can be to be the costs of the misinterpretation, in some sense foreseeable. Dramatic irony is also use by Sophocles to make the audience feel their taken part of the play knowing the fate of the main character, making the audience wait in suspense wanting to know how Oedipus would react to his fate. The other use of the dramatic irony was to foreshadow which is a key
Sophocles uses Oedipus’ tragic flaw in the play as a way for the audience to reflect on and predict the consequences of Oedipus’ internal conflicts. At the end of the play, Creon says to Oedipus, “Stop this striving to be the master of all. The mastery you had in life has been your fall.” (Sophocles 80). Throughout the play, Oedipus tried to deny all of his internal conflicts, and Sophocles makes it clear that his actions ended in tragedy.
The heart of the story unravels when Oedipus apparently begins to suffer a reversal of fortunes. At the beginning of the play, Oedipus is referred to by the priest as the “king of the land, [the city of Thebes’] greatest power” (16). Through all of Thebes he is thought of as a hero, a man who saved the city from the Sphinx and in his bravery has promised to find the killer of King Laius in order to save the city from doom and death. However, at the climax of the story Oedipus learns that he has been “cursed in [his] birth, cursed in marriage / and cursed in
Oedipus the King is universally accepted as the Dramatic Masterpiece of Greek Theatre. Aristotle cites it as the most brilliant example of theatrical plot and a perfect example of Tragedy, comprising all the necessary elements. The play is regarded as the classic example of the “Tragedy of Fate” and the plot remarkably justifies it with the help of various characters and elements. One such element is ‘The Chorus’ which can be seen in various Greek tragedies.
Aristotle describes a tragedy as “An imitation of an action that is serious, complete and of a certain magnitude", describing a person who has good intentions but a fatal flaw in his character. In essence, this flaw ultimately leads to a tragic ending, as the hero becomes the victim of his own actions. In Sophocles Oedipus the King, Oedipus defines his outcome as one by harmatia, as the narrative exposes his arrogant trait to blame for his downfall. To begin, it is essential to note his nature to be good hearted, as he truly cares for Thebes and his people. His role within the narrative further justifies his protagonist status, as gives examples of courage and bravery. However, his ignorance further enables him to act illogically, as Oedipus basis his judgments off of anger. This is not only seen when unintentionally killing his father, but by how he bullies others when he is unhappy with results. Hence, his inability to handle displeasing information shows
Aristotle’s tragic hero is one of the most recognizable types of heroes among literature. A tragic hero combines five major points all of which have to do with the hero’s stature in society, his faults, how these faults effect him, the punishment his faults gets him, and how he reacts to this punishment. Aristotle explained that the story of Oedipus the King, written by Sophocles, is a perfect example of a tragic hero. In the play, Oedipus is given a prophecy in which he is told that he will kill his father then marry his mother. As in many Greek plays, Oedipus tries to run from his prophecy and ends up fulfilling exactly what it is foretold. Through the play we see that Oedipus posses many of the characteristics
Oedipus the King is an excellent example of Aristotle's theory of tragedy. The play has the perfect Aristotelian tragic plot consisting of paripeteia, anagnorisis and catastrophe; it has the perfect tragic character that suffers from happiness to misery due to hamartia (tragic flaw) and the play evokes pity and fear that produces the tragic effect, catharsis (a purging of emotion).
exercising his free choice by making bad decisions . Oedipus certainly meets these portrayals of a tragic hero. The dialect of tragedy consists of two circles: one is a relative point and the other is impacted and the effect on its audience. Sophocles and Aristotle’s achieve that task with absolute clearness. The modern reader, coming to the classic drama not entirely to the enjoyment, will not always surrender himself to the emotional effect. He is apt to worry about Greek ‘fatalism’ and the justice of the downfall of Oedipus, and, finding no satisfactory solution for these intellectual difficulties, loses half the pleasure that the drama was intended to produce . In dramatizing stories, there will dependably blends of passionate sentiments, suspense, and fervor to discover what’s