Knee Injuries: A Case Study

• Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS). This helps relieve pain by applying an electrical current through the skin.

Dry needle therapy is an invasive treatment procedure in which a needle is inserted into a muscle trigger point (Ries, 2015). The goal of dry needle therapy is to cause a local twitch response, which is defined as a “brisk contraction of a taut band of skeletal muscle fibers elicited by snapping palpation of a trigger point [TrP] in that band” (Hong, 1994). It is distinct from acupuncture and is a westernized form of trigger point therapy (Kalichman & Vulfsons, 2010). In the 1940s, doctors Janet Travell and David Simons promoted injection of substances into trigger points, or muscle knots that can cause radiating pain upon movement of the muscle or pressing on the knot to relieve pain (Kalichman & Vulfsons, 2010; DeLaune, 2015). However, the

Trigger point therapy will not only relive pain, but it will also relieve stress and tension that is built up in the muscles. This can improve the individual’s overall health.

The use of ultrasound therapy prior to client engagement in functional activity will increase tissue extensibility, increase collagen deposition, increase blood flow, increase sensory/motor nerve conduction velocity, and decrease muscle spasms. The use of paraffin therapy prior to client engagement in functional activity will decrease pain, joint stiffness and increase range of motion in the hands. Both of these modalities have a great impact on clinical practice to more efficiently and effectively treat clinical conditions.

The knees are certainly vulnerable to injuries and damage. Why? This is simply because they have complex structures and are made up of bone, ligament, cartilage and tendons. Due to strenuous activities the knees usually undergo a lot of stress. This is the reason why we should take good care of them by taking the right preventive measures. The symptoms and the appropriate remedies for knee are among the important things we need to know. Bear in mind that surgery is the last option and knee pain can be addressed by various means.

Sports injuries occur when an athlete experiences a form of injury during the process of any type of physical activity, ranging from playing a team sport to walking the dog. These can range from cuts, to sprains to fractures. Injuries can arise from accidents, such as falling over while running or jarring a finger, or poor training and technique, such as completing an improper tackle or not warming up before physical exercise. An athlete can injure any part of their body in any way while participating in sport, but some injuries are more common in particular sports than in others. In AFL, soft tissue injuries are extremely common as the sport encompasses many high impact collisions with little to no protective equipment. Lower body injuries

Homeopathy treatments effectively heal sport injuries by using natural substances that would stimulate the body to heal itself. For an injured player a homeopathic

On February 28th, 2017 when the Golden State Warriors’ were playing the Washington Wizards Kevin Durant suffered a hyperextended left knee. His MRI showed that he had a Grade 2 sprain to his medial collateral ligament (MCL) and a tibial bone bruise (Amick). Durant’s injury happened during a rebound when one of his own teammates got pushed back into him and made his knee hyperextend.

Since I’m a knee surgeon I clearly focus on injuries that have to do with the knee. The most common injury I deal with is a torn anterior cruciate ligament also known as the ACL. The ACL is very important to the stability of the knee. A torn ACL has many causes, the injury mainly happens to athletes. What causes the injury is either a type of hyperextension or twist/bend in the wrong direction. Changing direction quickly while your leg is planted is also can cause the tear. Landing the wrong way coming down from a jump or even stepping in a hole can cause this type of tear. The injury can be caused by almost anything if your leg is straight or slightly bent if you change your movement

For example, in each game someone doesn’t always get a broken leg but everyone is sore within the next few hours. There are different extremities as to how one can get hurt, meaning wherever you get hurt (upper or lower body) determines if it is a lower or upper extremity injury.. First of all, there are the lower extremities which vary in seriousness but all deal with the lower body. In this category, strains and sprains, cartilage tears and ACL sprains, and fractures and contusions are all taken care of differently. For example, whilst ACL sprains are mostly very serious to athletes and can require surgery, strains are in the same exact category yet never require surgery. Following are the Overuse Lower Extremity Injuries which have more to do with how much an athlete works then what happens in-game. Shin Splints, Patellar Tendinitis (knee pain), and Achilles Tendinitis (ankle pain) are all very common especially in high schools where practices occur almost daily and as a result, bones and muscles are overused. Stress added onto an athlete because of overwork can cause what are called “Stress Fractures” which is when bones become weak from overuse (for doctors, it is often puzzling to tell the difference between these and soft tissue injuries. Penultimately, Upper Extremity Injuries usually involve the wrists and shoulders. Wrist sprains/fractures and shoulder

AKP is a chronic overload of anterior knee tissues and the amount of load in the knee will depend on many factors. Most common for runners, or any activity putting load on the front of the knee. Pain can still continued to present even for walking, stairs and even sitting. Most athletes will have trouble locating the pain and will most likely grab the front of their knee. When the injured knee will affect the rest of the lower extremities. The other muscles would have to compensate to help keep the rest of the body function.

The primary apprehension pertaining to the total knee replacement (TKR) is that the tibia tray suffers from aseptic loosening and it occurs due to physical stress shielding pertaining to the bone which further may need a revision surgery. The finest material is expected to be put to use for the process pertaining to the TKR surgery (Nasab & Hassan, 2010). According to Okazaki et al. (2004) the material used for prosthesis which had rigidity had lead to stress pertaining to the components along with the bones that are adjacent to the artificial knee. It leads to affecting the bone stress shielding as well. During the recent times, there has been development of such graded materials which have been invented for being considered as the probable tibia try biomaterial pertaining to the implant for ensuring enhancement in the ability pertaining to the distribution of the stress experienced.

Andrea is a 41-year-old female. She weighs in at 150l pounds and is 5 feet 8 inches tall. The client had a knee surgery on the right knee back in February. She is cleared by the doctor for exercise. Her vitals were good heart rate at 72 and blood pressure 108/64. She did tell me here blood pressure does run on the low side and wasn't anything to worry about. During the overhead deep squat assessment, Andrea was leaning forward a little on her shoulders. This told me she had some issue in her thoracic spine area with some flexibility. She rated a 2 in this test. On the should mobility test her right shoulder measured a 4.5 inches and the left shoulder 5.5 inches. This would give her a 2 rating in this test due to the difference in shoulders.

The first diagnosis believe the doctor would look at, is Runner’s Knee. It’s the basic inflammation and pain of the knee joint from overuse and/or running on cement. Some genetic problems like flat feet, hip mobility and structure and body weight could also be a reason for the pain, but fall under the same diagnosis as runner’s knee. An inflamed sac of fluid that is used to cushion the knee while it moves could be causing the pain due to inflammation, called bursitis may be another concern. A patellar dislocation could also be the fault from having a knee that keeps slipping off its track causing pain and swelling. A meniscus or ligament tear cause by joint catching of the cartilage or ligament getting stuck may also be an issue, which could

Physical Therapy is a field that practices rehabilitation to recover from injuries. It is defined as “the treatment of disease, injury, or deformity by physical methods such as massage, heat treatment, and exercise rather than by drugs or surgery.” As the culture for sports increase and the baby boomer age arise, Physical Therapy is estimated to grow by 27.1% in ten years. Physical therapist practice at schools, hospitals, homes, and through local private practice. There are several types of treatments, but I’m going to focus on Manual Physical Therapy and Electrotherapy.