Knopf Continued Writing Concerning Suicide In Regards To

In my personal life I have only distantly been affected from a case of bipolar disorder (BD). In high school, a classmate of mine had a mother who suffered from bipolar disorder and we as a class only found out about it when she committed suicide. I never really understood bipolar disorder before then, and afterwards I only understood it as the mother being very confused and constantly unhappy. In my undergraduate years and now in my beginning graduate career, I am solidifying my understanding of bipolar disorder. I think that by the accounts in the articles from Inder et al (2008) and Rusner et al (2009), as well as the videos “Sweethearts” and “Rapid Cycling” it is difficult even for those with bipolar disorder to fully understand their own condition.

The rate of suicide, the act or an instance of taking one's own life voluntarily and intentionally, increases each year. “More adolescents die each year from suicide than from cancer, heart disease, AIDS, birth defects, stroke, pneumonia, influenza, and chronic lung disease, combined” (Preventing Teen Suicide, 2016, p.2). These facts show suicide is a serious problem among teens. Last year, teen suicide became the second leading cause of death in the United States confirming the significant increase in teen suicides.

According to Fowler, Crosby, Parks, and Ivey (2013), suicide and nonfatal suicidal ideations are significant public health concerns for adolescents and young adults. While the onset of suicidal behaviors is observed as young as six years of age, rates of death and nonfatal injury resulting from suicidal behavior are moderately low until 15 years of age (Fowler et al., 2013). According to Fowler et al (2013), the most current available statistics in the United States (U. S.) reported suicide as the third leading cause of death among youth aged 10-14 and 15-19 years, and it was the second leading cause of death among persons aged 20-24 years.

In 2014, suicide was the tenth leading cause of death overall in the United States. According to the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH, 2015), there were twice as many suicides than there were homicides. Suicidal ideation (SI), defined as an individual thinking about, considering, or planning their suicide, is established before the act of committing suicide. Research suggests that adverse childhood experiences (CDC, 2015) will put an individual at risk for developing a mental illness that could result in SI and suicide attempt (SA). It is important for the psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner (PMHNP) to recognize the signs of SI and SA while assessing their client.

First, the individuals who are tested for bipolar disorder are typically those who are over the age of 18, meaning that a large amount of people who have bipolar disorder are not actually diagnosed, or their information has not been aggregated. Therefore, the actual total number of people who have been diagnosed with bipolar disorder could very well reach higher to an estimated five percent of the population (Van Meter, Moreira, Youngstrom, 2011, p. 1254). The overall ailment typically manifests before the age of 25, and then an individual begins experiencing a variety of symptoms that make one’s mental health difficult to

Children living with bipolar disorder also present significant high risk factors. Such factors include but are not limited to, suicide, self-harm, substance abuse, risk of sexual exploitation, and functional impairment, (Bradfield, 2010). Since it is extremely difficult for children with this disorder to control their emotions and themselves they often result in risky behavior that can harm themselves and others around them. For example, “the risk of completed suicide in people with bipolar disorder is among the highest of all psychiatric disorders,” (Bradfield, 2010). It is extremely important that when dealing with possible behaviors like this that direct and heavy treatments are implemented.

As childhood bipolar disorder continues to grow, “a clinician may be reluctant to diagnose bipolar diagnosis because the disorder congers a server, life long impairment for which strong medication is in order” (“What is Juvenile Bipolar Disorder”). Under those circumstances, certain medications such as lithium can become dangerous to children. In addition, certain medications can have a massive negative impact on someone, making both the symptoms of the disorder, and the person worse over time. There is also a case where it suppresses certain symptoms or even heights some, leading to a misdiagnosis. In this case, “...even after the bipolar diagnosis is given most children continue to be diagnosed with one or more of these co-morbid diagnoses as well...such ADHD, OCD, major depression, separation anxiety disorder, oppositional defiant disorder and conduct disorder are assigned (“What is Juvenile Bipolar Disorder”). The disorders are known to share the similar symptoms with one another in children, which makes psychiatrists question whether or not it is possible or even wise to diagnosis a child with bipolar disorder. Ultimately by doing further research and testing on children, they could make a more cautious and accurate choice and how to take action with the situation at

Bipolar disorder is most commonly found in adults, but it usually starts during the childhood and adolescent years. Historical data with youth suggest that the overall prevalence of bipolar disorders in children is approximately 1% of the population, a rate similar to that in adulthood and lower than most other childhood mental illnesses (Apps J, Winkler J, & Jandrisevits MD, 2008). Strober et al said that 54 adolescents with bipolar I disorder over a period of 5 years and reported a high rate of recovery (96%) from the index episodes, and a moderate rate of relapse (44%) (Birmaher, 2013). In the Indian study 30 bipolar subjects with onset in childhood and adolescence were assessed systematically at baseline and 4-5 years later (Birmaher, 2013). Adolescents with bipolar disorder are at increased risk for completed suicides. Strober et al. reported medically significant suicide attempts in 20% of their adolescent sample (Birmaher, 2013).

Understanding the etiology of a child or adolescent diagnosed with Bipolar Disorder may allow a practitioner, researcher, parent or teacher an acute clarity of the diagnosis. Carlsons et al. (2009), intent for research was to reaffirm and decipher the multiplicity of descriptions for children and adolescents diagnosed with Early Onset Bipolar Disorder. While, Youngstrom (2009) identified the development of the “Tripartite Model” a high level of negative affect outweighing the positive affect creating anxiety and depression. The DSM provides us with the symptoms for Bipolar Disorder, yet the clarity in early onset leaves a vacancy. Although I may agree with the modality of Youngstrom (2009) I also conform with Carlsons et al. (2009) findings. We need to begin by reviewing biology, neurology, pharmacotherapy, prodromes and psychosocial behavior to find the comorbidity of any behavior disorders to provide adequate data with work groups.

Bipolar disorder is a disease that affects approximately 2.6% Americans in the United States in a given year. There is limited data on the rate of bipolar in adolescents, although, it does tend to affect older teens more often and may be related to substance abuse. A lot of times this disorder is referred to as ‘Manic Depression’, which involves the appearance of two emotional states. Juveniles that suffer from this mental disorder have alternating periods of depression and great happiness. One in three people

There are several theories about how the two are linked. Some researchers suggest that obesity can lead to common mental health disorders, whilst others have found that people with such disorders are more prone to obesity. Other studies have found no association between the two. Obesity is also associated with an increased risk for a variety of chronic diseases, most of which are associated with depression, which in turn can precipitate chronic disease due to diminished treatment adherence and/or response. Obesity can cause poor self-image and low self-esteem and social isolation, all known contributors to depression. Those who are obese can also find themselves ostracized, stereotyped, and discriminated against. When someone is obese they tend to be signaled out as “fat”. This can be considered verbal bullying. Many times obese people don’t realize that they have gained a lot of weight until after it has already happened. On the other hand obesity works the other way around as well. Children and adolescents who suffer from depression and low self- esteem de to other factors in life are more likely to become obese two years later. Many depressed people or people with other disorders like anxiety tend to find comfort in food. They eat not because they are hungry but because they feel low about

Bipolar disorder is a chronic illness that is commonly mistreated by physicians in an everyday doctor’s office setting. It has been said that 69% of people with Bipolar Disorder are misdiagnosed because the signs and symptoms present similar to major depressive disorder. With misdiagnosis or without early recognition, physicians can delay proper treatment for 5-10 years (Wieseke, A. et al., Bantz, D., & May, D. 2011, p. 8). While having said it is common to misdiagnose this disorder, only four percent of adults and two percent of children in America are diagnosed (Lorenz, J., 2014, Overview of Bipolar Disorder, para. 3-4). This is a chronic illness and should not be treated lightly because having been diagnosed with Bipolar Disorder can reduce

According to afsp.org, suicide is the 10th leading cause of death in the US. Each year 42,773 Americans die from suicide There are many possible reasons they could have done this and some will never know. Many kids don't want or like to talk about how they feel or why they are thinking of hurting themselves in any way. The student interviewed both the social worker and students that attend and work at James Giles School. The reporter spoke to the students first in room 126. The reported asked Mia Munoz a student at Giles school what her thoughts on suicide were. She looked down and was a surprised she thought for a minute and then replied , “... it is a really negative impact on a bunch of teenagers and this generation, it is so sad, but we need to make sure our teenagers feel safe.” The report also spoke to another Giles students names Hailee Polaski. The reported asked why she thinks students or young people have thought or commit suicide. She said, “... they usually feel left out, or alone, they feel like no ones there, they feel like there's nobody.”

Many physicians tend to think of depression as an illness of adulthood. In fact, Brown (1996) stated that "it was only in the 1980 's that mood disorders in children were included in the category of diagnosed psychiatric illnesses." In actuality, 7-14% of children will experience an episode of major depression before the age of 15. An average of 20-30% of adult bipolar patients report having their first episode before the age of 20. In a sampling of 100,000 adolescents, two to three thousand will have mood disorders out of which 8-10 will commit suicide (Brown, 1996). Blackman (1995) remarked that the suicide rate for adolescents has increased more than 200% over the last decade.

Barrios, Lisa C. "Suicide Ideation among US College Students." Journal of American College Health, vol. 48, no. 5, Mar. 2000, p. 229. Accessed 22 Sept., 2017