Lab Report : Manufacturing Of Solar Cells

A limited literature search was conducted on July 15, 2015 using PubMed, TripDatabase as well as a focused Internet search. The retrieval was limited to human populations and documents published within the past 5 years. A total of 99 journal articles were found and reviewed. The abstracts were scanned for relevance and 20 were identified as containing important information. These 20 articles elucidated 18 new articles which were included as well.

Diane your first report will be due April 15, 2018. I have added the fillable document above if you need it.

Several collections were used to investigate for many analyses and study about this actual question. The following searches were performed using a comprehensive electronic search the following databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, ProQuest, CINAHL, Ovid, and Medline.

were noticed in our study. This was comparable to the results of Matani et al

A PROJECT PAPER SUBMITTED AS PARTIAL REQUIREMENT FOR THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE (BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES)

PRESENTATION: The report was well written, flowed logically, and was written in enough detail for critical analysis the description of finding was rich and powerful.

In the last decades energy consumption has come to a time where people started noticing the climate changes and the effect of fossil fuel energy for not only being environmentally destructive, but also causing Global warming (the warming that occurs as a result of increase emissions of greenhouse gases) has become a very big issue worldwide. The fossil fuels (Oil, Coal, and Natural Gas) which is the main sources of the world’s energy sources, is also one of the main causes of the climate change. In addition with some human activities (e.g. through burning fossil fuels), they have contributed immensely to the global warming, which has also affected the climate conditions in the world. The affect of these changes has prompted some people to propose alternative energy like solar panels. According to Abby Gruen, after realizing the issues, the engineers at Bell Laboratories come up with the first useful photovoltaic cell, an alternative to fossil fuel energy but less harmful for the environment and the pocket. Solar panel which uses renewable energy like the sun to light homes heat and produces electricity. Unlike fossil fuel, solar panels is less harmful for the environment. Since it creation few decades ego, just recently solar panel started getting popular in homes in the United States and around the world. When it was invented people were not interested about it, because of the high installation price, however the price has changed dramatically since then. Even though

Solar cells are now being widely used all over the world. A solar cell is also known as a photovoltaic cell. It is an electrical device that converts the energy of visible light directly into electricity by the photovoltaic effect. The light that shines on the cell produces a current and a voltage to generate electric power. Photovoltaic modules produce direct current (DC) while homes use alternating current (AC). If a DC load is used you can use an inverter which changes DC electricity into AC. This will be discussed in more detail later on.

With the dawn of the energy crisis upon us, photovoltaic technology has become a crucial component of discussions centering around sustainability, clean energy, and renewable recourses. This is because there are a number of significant advantages associated with photovoltaic technology. First and foremost, this technology channels our Earth 's largest renewable energy source- the sun. In itself, the sun 's net solar power input to the Earth is more than 10,000 times humanity 's current rate of use of fossil and nuclear fuels. Thus, the energy source harnessed by PV technology is virtually inexhaustible,

The future of solar technology clearly lies away from the expensive rigid structure of extensive silicon crystalline structures, and towards the non-silicon based technologies. Governments and private firms must continue to invest the capital needed to fund research and development in these fields of more flexible and versatile solar cells in order to acheieve higher efficiencies and improve the manufacturing process of these technologies; as currently they remain in their infancy.

The conversion of the sunlight directly into electricity by using the electronic properties of various suitable materials appears to be an attractive energy conversion process and more or less an ideal alternative to available conventional energy sources. The solar cell technology has developed enormously over the last four decades, initially for being used to provide electrical power for spacecrafts and also more recently for various terrestrial applications. The main reason for this technological development lies in the realization that traditional fossil energy resources like coal, oil and gas are not just rapidly depleting, but they also contribute to unpredictable and probably irreversible climate changes in the approaching future through the extreme high emission levels of greenhouse gases (e.g. CO2, CO, SO2 and P2O5) and also due to acidification. The photo voltaic source of energy that is solar irradiation, has the major advantage of being widely distributed over the world. The solar irradiation falling on the earth’s surface is not a limiting factor and also supersedes our needs by far. Photovoltaic industry has leapfrogged the barriers over the last three decades from merely being a conceptual industry to a full-fledged commercial industry. Recent major investments and the on hand manufacturing facilities are only mainly for silicon based technologies, with more than 93% market share, mainly due to its maturity, growth and huge

I am grateful to my colleagues Ms. Susanna, Mr. Manoj, Mr. Prabhakaran, and Ms. Lavanya who assisted in technical concepts.

We would like to give our hearty thanks to our research head Mrs. Nivi Srivastava for constant support and guidance. Without her support it was a task next to impossible. She has been a constant motivator for the whole team.

As the world is suffering from an ever diminishing stock of fossil fuels and serious pollution being caused by fuels, solar energy has become the most promising solution to the global energy crisis. Among various methods for generating energy from the sun, solar cells are an effective approach for converting solar energy into electrical energy for regular use. There is a wide range of research activities around the world that has demonstrated the efficiency potential of crystalline silicon cells. Most of the research studies has inferred, both theoretically and practically, that thin crystalline silicon cells can have low manufacturing costs while not compromising on reasonable efficiencies. Many researchers have attempted to study the impact of wafer thickness on the performance of crystalline silicon cells, and the best efficiencies on wafers with thickness under 200µm are typically in the range

Thanks to our internal guide Prof. Parita Giri for a search-light guidance in our project. They helped us quite for project and report both.