Lab Report On Brake Thermal Efficiency

The studies have shown that electric vehicles can reduce greenhouse gas emissions to “6.12 billion tons annually” (Westbrook, 2001). Even though they need mainly coal as a supply of electricity, they produce less harmful emissions than oil, which is the main source of energy for transport modes, driven by gasoline (Westbrook, 2001). With the development of renewable energy technologies that use the power of wind or solar energy, people can get a clean source of electricity, which will make the electric car more friendly to nature. In addition, the introduction of “regenerative braking system” will allow cars to convert the force of inertia into electricity, thus, adding, extra batteries, which, in return, increase its

Environmental concerns have been raised from time to time because of the dependency on the gasoline-fueled engine as the chief auto powertrain technology. This has resulted in exposing many automobile users to unpredictable prices of fuel. These issues were, however, the reason for

Motor vehicle use is now generally recognised as the source of more air pollution than any other single activity in cities around the world. The internal combustion engine of a vehicle produces power by burning fuel and changing the chemical energy of fuel into heat energy. The heat energy is then converted into mechanical power. Cars and trucks do not burn all of the fuel that goes into the combustion chamber. In fact, most vehicles only burn about 85% of the fuel and as the vehicle gets older less and less fuel is burned. It is this unburned fuel that produces some harmful products which are discharged from the engine and become air pollutants.[iv] Therefore, an engine’s fuel system, and its emission controls are closely interrelated. That is why attention is given to the requirements of emission control in the design and operation of all parts of the fuel system in a vehicle.

Methanol as a biofuel is an environmental friendly substitute to pure diesel and can be obtained from biomasses. Use of biofuels such as methanol for combustion process is associated with positive environmental impacts. Using pure methanol or blended with diesel fuel in automotive has been proposed by researchers. In this paper, methanol was injected into combustion chamber of a ISM 370 HD diesel engine and exhaust emissions of this engine which took advantage of pure methanol were evaluated by using AVL FIRE CFD code software at four engine speeds (1200, 1400, 1600 and 1800 rpm). Additionally, influences of EGR mass fraction and various injection timings were investigated. For validation of simulation, in-cylinder mean pressure and rate of

The automobile industry is constantly being revolutionized through new technology resulting in a fuel concept for consumer vehicles. Although these new alternative fuels are a break-through for the automobile industry, where do they stand in comparison to our conventional vehicles? This paper will address this issue by asking: What are the environmental and economic benefits and disadvantages of alternative-fueled cars compared to conventional cars?

Diesel and gasoline engines have been each other’s competition since the 1930’s when the first diesel run car was produced. There is one main mechanical difference between these two engines; a gasoline engine ignites the gasoline with spark plugs, a lighter of sorts, and the diesel engine ignites the diesel by compressing it so much that it spontaneously combusts. Although there are a few other types of engines now, such as hybrid or electric, diesel is still superior to these.

Generally, hybridizing a vehicle means adding an alternative propulsion component and a storage device to the conventional drive train and fuel tank. Many types of propulsion and storage devices have been investigated, such as electric, hydraulic, pneumatic or mechanical flywheels. Being able to capture braking energy and store it, in order to reuse it when needed, is a very beneficial feature especially in heavy duty applications, due to large mass associated with them, and so reusing significant amounts of braking energy. The electro-chemical storage battery was the primary choice of automotive hybrid power train designers, but since the power that flows through the hybrid assisting system can be very high in heavy duty vehicles cases, hydro-pneumatic propulsion and storage components became very attractive for that kind of application,

The relevance of gasoline as an energy source cannot be overstated. Indeed, for years, internal combustion engines have mainly been powered using gasoline. Today, gasoline remains one of the most commonly used fuels not only in the transportation sector but also in the industrial sector. In the transportation sector, gasoline is used to power the engines of a wide range of transportation mediums including but not limited to trucks, cars, motorbikes, boats, etc. It is also important to note that after undergoing further refinery, gasoline is commonly used as aviation fuel. Gasoline is also used at the industrial level to power generators. Some entities also use gasoline as a raw material in the manufacture of various products including but not limited to insecticides and pesticides.

With countries advancing their energy output the strain on natural resources is increasing, leading to finite resources which will no longer be a viable option in the near future. Research has been conducted and other options have been found some of which include Plug-in electric vehicles (PHEVs) and other electric or bio fuel alternatives. In the recent years energy consumption has been reduced in compression ignition engine cars which have put less of a strain on the finite fossil fuels. Development of software has commenced in vehicles to help reduce mileage and usage of fuels either fossil fuel or an electric

There are numerous sorts of autos businesses in all around the globe. In 1950 by there were roughly 50 million vehicles on Earth give or take 2 for each 100 individuals. In 2004 the vehicle populace had expanded to right around 600 million, more or less 10 for each 100 individuals. On the off chance that present patterns proceed, more than 3 billion vehicles can be in operation by the year 2050 surpassing 20 for each 100 individuals. (Sperling, 1995, 24) There are likewise have diverse sort of focal points and disservices of petroleum autos, For example, the world urban areas influenced by dirtying and dumping which are delivered from autos there is additionally expanding measure of carbon dioxide and different gasses noticeable all around. Burning autos are likewise expending a lot of petroleum. That is the reason even every nation burn through one of the enormous measure of their financial plan spend to purchase the oil for transport and modern machine. The researchers had been research and design Crossover auto in 19th century the autos had working with two air conditioner engines and batteries the enormous point of preference of this auto it is non-dirtying auto. Presently a few preferences and hindrances of electric and burning auto will be examine in this paper

For a few decades, pollution has become an emergent hazard to the Earth. Human, nowadays, has been putting a great effort into filtering atmosphere, cleaning wastes from industrial factories, and making things greener. Waste from transportation is one of the main factors that cause air pollution. It appears that scientists are now working on a new project in the automotive industry, which is called hybrid car. The goal of hybrid technology is not only to produce a vehicle using “green fuels”, but also offer, at least, same performance compared to conventional cars. This research proposes the background history of hybrid car, how hybrid technology work to conserve environment and save gasoline sources; it also raises the discussions of all perspectives about hybrid car.

The functional unit of the study is 300,000 km travelled by the diesel engine. The fuel efficiency of the engine is 0.250 litres per km. It is assumed that the fuel efficiency of both engines is equal.

With any probable petrol crisis, for all the sectors the alternative fuel is vital to be developed. In addition, pollutants have formed because of combustion of petroleum based fuels in diesel engines. Pollutants from diesel engines include carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), sulphur dioxides (SOx), oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and particulate matter (PM). NOx and PM are the two primary pollutants of diesel engines. It was stated by Lloyd and Cackete, that Diesel emissions contribute to the development of cancer; cardiovascular and respiratory health effects; pollution of air, water, and soil; soiling; reductions in visibility; and global climate change. Research on reducing emissions resulted from diesel engines and studies on decreased fuel consumption are being founded worldwide, especially in EU countries. There are many works on reliable researching and implementations and useful results came to exist. Research and developing alter-native diesel engine fuel is one of the aspects of these studies.

Road transportation providers have adopted several innovations that have lowered the environmental impact of this transportation mode. The adoption of clean diesel technology by the industry has resulted in significant reductions in fuel use and emissions by trucks. This innovation in diesel engine

Therefore, a current solution would unite the characteristics of the hydrogen internal combustion engine, using for improving the burning efficiency, due to high flame speed and higher calorific value during combustion of hydrogen.