Lab Report On The Electrode

A fuel cell is, in principle, a very simple electrochemical device. The chemical reaction that powers hydrogen fuel cells is the same as that which occurs when hydrogen burns. The chemical equation for this reaction is: 2H2 + O2 ( 2H2O + energy. "Normally hydrogen burns, reacting with oxygen from the air, producing water, heat and light. ... In the fuel cell the chemical reaction is exactly the same, but instead of producing light and heat energy, electrical energy is produced."2 All fuel cells consist of an electrolyte (a substance that allows only the passage of ions) sandwiched between two electrodes. When a fuel containing hydrogen is passed over the negative electrode, otherwise known as an anode, it is ionized. Ionization of the fuel, often accomplished with the assistance of a catalyst, removes electrons from the hydrogen creating positively charged hydrogen ions and negatively charged free electrons. Since only the ions can pass through the electrolyte situated between the electrodes, the electrons must find another route to the positive electrode or cathode, where they will be reunited with the hydrogen ions and combined with oxygen atoms to form water. The electrons passing around the electrolyte constitute an electric current, and thus can be used to provide power during their journey from anode to cathode.3

A chemical reaction involving the transfer of electrons rather than molecules is classified as a Redox reaction. A reaction involving the loss of electrons is called Oxidation, and a reaction involving the gain of electrons is called Reduction. Oxidation and Reduction always occur together, as one reactant loses electrons, and the other gains them. This exchange often effects the physical states of molecules, as their solubility is changed with their charge.

One of these properties is called an electrical charge. Protons have a "positive" (+) charge, electrons have a "negative" (-) charge, and neutrons have no charge, they are neutral.

Batteries store energy in chemical form. They release energy by pumping electrons’ through wires from the minus pole to the plus pole. Devices inbetween convert this energy to another form, Efficieny- e.motor=85%, combustion= 20%

A battery is a gadget that changes over synthetic vitality into electrical vitality. Every battery has two terminals, an anode (the positive end) and a cathode (the negative end). An electrical circuit keeps running between these two anodes, experiencing a synthetic called an electrolyte (which can be either fluid or strong). This unit comprising of two anodes is known as a phone (regularly called a voltaic cell or heap). Batteries are utilized to control numerous gadgets and make the sparkle that begins a gas motor.

Electrolytes are compounds that dissociate into ions when they are dissolved in water, thereby causing them to become electrically charged particles, meaning that they have the ability to conduct electrical impulses. The electrical impulses created are what the body needs in order to make muscle cells contract. Electrolytes can become either cations (positively charged) or anions (negatively charged).

a. Aqueous Sodium Hydroxide—NaOH (aq) is a very strong base, which will completely disassociate into Na+ and OH- ions, which would make it a very strong electrolyte. Chemical reaction of the disassociation of Sodium Hydroxide: NaOH (aq)Na+ (aq)+ OH-(aq)

Simplifying the schematics, a battery is comprised of at least one galvanic cell, which contains two or more half cells, a reduction cell and an oxidation cell. The electrode and electrolyte solution are contained in the half cells, and the chemical reactions in the two half cells provide the energy for the galvanic cell operations (Chieh). The two electrodes, or battery terminals, produce electricity through a series of electromagnetic reactions between the anode, cathode, and electrolyte (Marshall, Charles, & Clint, 2000). Two or more electrically charged atoms/molecules, known as ions, from the electrolyte bond with the anode (negative terminal) in the oxidation reaction. This produces a compound, where one or more electrons are then released. Simultaneously, the cathode substance (positive terminal), ions, and free electrons also combine into compounds during the reduction reaction with the cathode. Basically, the cathode or positive terminal of the battery is absorbing the electrons produced from the anode or negative terminal, creating electricity. Therefore, electrons flow from anode to cathode (AUS-e-TUTE, 2017), and electrical energy is

The electrolyte in a cell is the chemical medium which separates the anode and cathode and allows ions to move through to the anode and cathode.

A lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery is a type of rechargeable battery which uses a lithium ion that moves from a positive electrode (cathode) to a negative electrode (anode) during charging and vice versa during discharge. Lithium-ion batteries are less environmentally damaging than batteries containing heavy metals such as cadmium and mercury, but recycling them is still far preferable to incinerating them or sending them to landfill. Lithium ion batteries are made up of one or more generating compartments called cells. Each cell is composed of three components: an anode, a cathode, and a chemical called an electrolyte in between them.

The electrons move because they are being attracted towards the positive side of the battery and thus move because of the attraction in the battery.

The reaction is between the electrolyte and negative electrode which will create a buildup of free electrons, each of which has a negative charge at the anode of the battery which is the negative terminal.

An electrolyte is a substance that produces an electrically conducting solution when dissolved in a polar solvent, such as water. The dissolved electrolyte separates into cations and anions, which disperse uniformly through the solvent.There are electrolytes in sports drinks which athletes drink which helps their body because the body depends on the electrolytes to control the cell membrane stability and carry electrical charges.

Michael Gugliotta 12/3/14 Chemistry Period 8 Electrolysis Lab During this experiment, we saw electrolysis in action. Electrolysis occurs once an electrical wave hits an object. Electrolysis only occurs when it is in a salt-based or an ionic compound.

Some ways include a regular injection with a needle, like a shot, Electroporation, and a “gene” gun. The Gene Gun is also called Particle Acceleration or Microprojectile Bombardment. The gun is used by “shooting” DNA into a plant cell or an animal cell.(Plant and Soil Science eLibrary) This method is used in plants to protect them as well. “Electroporation is the application of an electric current to a living surface ,as the skin or a cell membrane, in order to open pores or channels through which something as a drug or DNA may pass.” (Jaquith) The process of electroporation is done with a tool that creates that creates an electromagnetic field in a cell suspension, called an electroporator. The cell suspension is pipetted into a glass, which has two aluminum electrodes on its sides.