Lachman Test Paper

An anterior cruciate ligament tear can be confirmed by the Lachman test, the dynamic extension test, and the Pivot jerk test. The Lachman test and dynamic extension test is helpful in, “making a diagnosis, particularly in the acute injury.” (1) The lateral pivot test reproduces, “the rotatory subluxation that occurs in ACL defiency. The test is difficult to perform and takes residents and fellows in my practice approximately three months of intensive training to be able to adequately perform the jerk test in the unanaesthetised patient.”(1) The test is important because the demonstration of the lateral pivot jerk is the replication of the instability that the patient has. The initial goals of treatment immediately after injury are to reduce pain, reduce

The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is one of the four main ligaments in the knee joint that connect it to the shin bone (tibia) and thigh bone (femur). It 's located deep within the joint, behind the kneecap (patella), above the shinbone, and below the thighbone. The ACL lies diagonally across the middle of the knee and plays a role in keeping the knee stable during movement. Partial tears of the ACL can occur, but are rare. Most ACL tears are either near-completes or complete tears. After experiencing an ACL tear, an athlete has a 15 times

The purpose of this article is to compare the laxity and stiffness of the knee joint in male and female cadavers. Three different directions will be evaluated, anterior-posterior, internal-external, and varus-valgus. Females are at a two to eight times greater risk of an ACL injury than a male. This is due to the laxity in the joints. Females also have limited proprioception in the knee joint, which may attribute to some injuries. This study used a technique using cadaver knees to complete this study.

The ACL is one of the most frequently uinjured ligaments of the knee.( 59 )

The Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) and the Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL) are located inside the knee joint. The ACL and PCL form an ‘X’ behind the kneecap (patella), with the ACL resting in front of the PCL. Both of these ligaments are responsible for controlling the back and forth motion of the knee joint; however, the ACL is responsible for stabilizing the kneecap ). In addition, the ACL is responsible for preventing the shin bone (tibia) from sliding forward on the thigh bone (femur). The ACL provides the knee with stability while an individual pivots or twists. This ligament is critical because without it, performing any kind of rotational activity is impossible, particularly when it comes to playing sports like soccer and basketball.

The Anterior Cruciate Ligament also known as the ACL is deemed the most commonly torn ligament in the knee and can result from both contact and noncontact injuries. Most Anterior Cruciate Ligament injuries result from an extreme force on the lateral side of the person’s knee causing a valgus force which pushes the knee inward (Kisner & Colby, 2012, pp. 802-803). This injury to the side of the knee can also cause a “Terrible Triad” injury which also injures both the medial meniscus and the medial collateral ligament (Kisner & Colby, 2012, p. 803). Our textbook further states that “the most common noncontact mechanism is a rotational mechanism in which the tibia is externally rotated on the planted foot….this mechanism can account for as many as 78% of all ACL injuries” (Kisner & Colby, 2012, p. 803). If the person does not seek medical help with this injury they are susceptible to also injuring the remaining support ligaments as well. Patients usually present with joint effusion; possibly 25 degrees of flexion, joint swelling if blood vessels are involved, limited ROM, stress pain and instability along with quads avoidance gait patterns (Kisner & Colby, 2011, p. 208)

Purpose: The purpose of this research study was to determine the sensitivity, specificity, and efficiency of the anterior draw test (AD), Lachman test, and the pivot shift test to detect laxity in the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). Experimental Method: A total of twenty-eight male patients were selected for this study, and had to meet the following criteria. Each patient must have had ACL surgery, where three or more weeks had passed since the surgery, and the patellar tendon bone graph was used for each ACL surgery. Furthermore, each patient was examined for laxity in the ligament, and an MRI of the knee was taken too. Each of the patient’s knee was examined for ligament laxity in an outpatient setting, and under anesthesia. The sensitivity and specificity of each test would range from 2 to

Impression includes chronic right knee pain status post anterior cruciate ligament repair and significant degenerative joint disease of the knee.

The overall objectives that were taken under consideration included nearly all aspects in regards to functionality of the knee (14). Many studies have placed patients recovering from ACL reconstruction on rehab regimens with the hope to improve various aspects concerned with how well and at what levels the knee can function. Treatment programs, accelerated or non-accelerated commonly encompass similar exercises and physical activity such as stretching, strength training, and activation of muscles through electrical stimulation. The intensity and general progression of therapy is where the two significantly contrast. With the use of weight bearing exercises, or strength training within the accelerated regimen, it has been proven to limit muscle weakness as a consequence of immobilization after surgery. Shelbourne carried out this method of intervention every week, 2-3 times per week, while progressively increasing weight and the degrees to which the knee was stretched. The results were assessed using The Cybex Isokinetic Device, a

The ACL (anterior cruciate ligament) is one of four ligaments to connect the thigh bone to the shin bone. The ACL stabilize the knee, controls excessive movement, and limits joint mobility. The ACL is primarily for the forward motion when walking, running, and jumping. Without the ACL the thighbone would constantly dislocate from the shin bone.

The Anterior Cruciate Ligament, also known as the ACL, plays an important role in the stabilization of the knee. The ACL connects the femur to the tibia. The ACL passes, in a diagonal, from the outer area of the femur to the inner area of the tibia. The main function of the ACL is to restrain forward movement and the inner rotation of the bottom half of the leg, as well as prevent hyperextension of the knee (Schwager, 2009).

Dr. Claes has received multiple awards associated with his job. He was the winner of the Biennial John Joyce award at the 9th Biennial International Society of arthroscopy knee surgery and orthopedic sports medicine. He is also the winner for the best paper in ligaments and biomechanics at the 16th European Society for sports

A torn ACL is one of the most serious and common knee injuries. Many aspects play a role in the treatment and rehabilitation of this injury. This paper will discuss the anatomy of the knee, describe a torn ACL, and the rehabilitation.

The knee joint consists of four ligaments, two intra-capsular which are the ACL and the PCL and two extra-capsular ligaments including the MCL and LCL. The ACL is an extremely strong stabiliser which prevents anterior displacement of the knee. The ACL is a ligament and therefore connects one bone to another, the femur with the tibia. The ACLs origin is from the anterior intercondylar eminence of the tibia (home,2017) and the fibres pass upwards, backward and laterally inserting into the lateral condyle of the femur.

The knee laxity measurement was done using a KT-2000 arthrometer. This was done by doing passive knee movement. The knee kinematics was tested using a motion analysis test. Nine reflective markers were placed on the knee. Then they were asked to perform specific movements. These movements allowed the knee to move in all directions and put different forces on the joint. These tests were done three times to determine if there was a difference between phases.