Laparoscopic Surgery : Surgery And Surgery

Exploratory laparotomy is a surgical procedure to examine the organs inside your belly (abdomen). Another name for this is abdominal exploration. You may have this procedure if you have abdominal pain, trauma, bleeding, infection, or obstruction. The procedure may be done if your health care provider cannot make a diagnosis from an exam and testing alone.

I observed a laparoscopic cholecystectomy at Sentara Albemarle Medical Center. In this paper, I will cover pre-operative tasks, surgical procedure, anesthesia and interventions, roles and functions of the nurse, and surgical team members. I will also cover safety and comfort concerns along with nursing diagnoses related to this surgery.

The surgeon follows the same procedure as for the laparoscopic surgery, but there is only one large incision made in the lower stomach

The laparoscope and other surgical instruments will be put through the incisions. Your surgeon will use the laparoscope and a robotic arm to help control the surgical instruments.

This surgery is usually done using a minimally invasive technique called laparoscopy. The technique allows the surgery to be done through small incisions instead of a large incision. It results in less pain, a smaller risk of infection, and a shorter recovery time.

Beginning from trephination which according to historians was the oldest operation performed even in prehistoric times to minimally invasive operations with use of technology that have now become the norm in modern era, the field of surgery has evolved by leaps and bounds. Various aspects of technology assisted surgery have been dealt with in this paper along with the different types of technologies in use like computer assisted and robotic surgeries. Traditional and modern methods have been compared and their pros and cons have been discussed in detail along with the application of technology in various surgical branches.

The surgeon will make a few small incisions in your abdomen to accommodate a laparoscopic camera and the required surgical instruments. An adjustable band is positioned around the upper part of your stomach. The result is a smaller stomach pouch above the band with a narrow passage into the lower part of your stomach. A thin tube connects the band to a delivery port where saline fluid can be inserted or withdrawn when an adjustment is needed. The incisions are sealed shut and there is minimal scarring. The operation takes 30 to 60 minutes for completion.

The insufflation tubing is attached to the trocar and the pneumoperitoneum established. After that the sharp trocar is inserted blindly through a small abdominal incision as described previously, without prior insufflation or visualization of the abdominal layers and viscera. After the pneumoperitoneum is established, the surgeon places the other operative trocars according to the specific needs of the procedure. A 10-mm port is commonly used for the laparoscope, and 5 to 10-mm ports are used for the surgical instruments. Larger ports are required for hand-assisted procedures and for large specimens. After all ports have been placed, a specific procedure can begin. For diagnostic laparoscopy, two instruments are commonly used to manipulate the tissues and organs. These are the dolphin nose forceps and the probe. Retractors such as the fan retractor are also used by the assistant to assist in viewing the surgical anatomy. At the close of the procedure, the instruments are withdrawn, and the pneumoperitoneum released. The incisions may be closed using a variety of techniques. Figure of-8 sutures of absorbable synthetic size 0 or 2-0 are commonly laced to close the superficial layers of the port

Women who suffer endometriosis often undergo conservative surgery such as a laparoscopy or laparotomy in an effort to remove the endometriosis without damaging normal tissue and the reproductive organs ( Hogg & Vyas, 2015.) A laparoscopy allows surgeons to examine the pelvis, abdomen and organs through a small incision usually near the navel ( The Royal Australian And New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, 2006) In an effort to create more space to work in, the surgeon expand the abdomen cavity using carbon dioxide gas which is inserted through a needle. The needle is then replaced by the laparoscope for the doctor to examine the uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries and other organs (The Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, 2006). Using the small incisions created in the patients’ abdomen, the doctor will insert surgical instruments and begin to cut and remove damaged tissue. Once the endometrial tissue is removed, the doctor will remove the instruments and put a single stich in the incision (The Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, 2006) A successful laparoscopy manages chronic pelvic pain by delaying or stopping the progress of endometriosis (The Australian and New Zeeland College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, 2006). Alternatively, the surgeon may decide to perform a

A laparoscope is a small tube (10 mm diameter) that contains a fiber optic cable that allows the surgeon to view the inside of the abdominal cavity on a video screen, high resolution and record the operation of a VCR. In a laparoscopic VBG, the surgeon makes three small incisions on the left side of the abdomen to insert the laparoscope, and a quarter an incision about 2.5 in (14 cm) in length on the right side. The formation of the gastric pouch and insertion of the plastic tape are performed through these small incisions. Since it is more difficult for the surgeon to maneuver the instruments through small openings, a LVBG requires more open VBG, about two to four

“In simple terms, Dr. Rutledge had to make an incision into Ana’s abdomen instead of a lap, which just leaves you with three small incision sites. A laparotomy is one large incision where the surgeon can fully open up the abdomen and have total access to locate and assess the problem. I am very sorry to interrupt you, Dr. Rutledge. I have a very impatient family.”

The surgery procedure was performed a large ventral midline laparotomy started from the xiphoid process to a point caudal to the umbilicus for enable complete abdominal exploration. After spleen was examined, packed the abdomen with sterile wet gauze and measurement splenic volume by CT. After CT scan was done, spleen was taken out and placed on wet gauze. Then, dropped epinephrine 10 g/kg onto the splenic surface and waiting for 5 minutes before measurement the splenic volume by CT again. When all of the procedure was done, the abdomen was sutured.

7. If this will be an out-patient procedure or if you will need to stay in a hospital for any length of time

Right now, there is a great need for minimally invasive surgery techniques because of the many benefits it has. Minimally invasive surgeries cause less pain than traditional surgeries, patients have a shorter hospital stay, there is less scarring, there is less injury to tissue, and there is a higher accuracy rate than traditional surgeries (http://www.uchospitals.edu/specialties/minisurgery/benefits/). Because of minimally invasive surgeries, surgery is less of a risk. Throughout the years, doctors have developed better technology to help patients lives and to reduce the risks of surgery. With minimally invasive surgery, a patient is able to leave the hospital and return to their daily life within a few weeks. More and more doctors and patients

A laparoscopic approach appears to be associated with a reduction in surgical trauma and blood loss. In addition, it is presumable that some of the benefits of minimally invasive surgery such as reduced analgesic requirements, a shorter recovery period and reduced hospital stay (Kuhry, 2005). It has become a forerunner in the quest of improving surgical results by dropping postoperative pain and lessening recovery time. Yet, the use of laparoscopic instruments can be awkward and cumbersome, thus escalating operative time and dropping dexterity, which can