Laparoscopic Vertical Banded Gastroplasty

Weight loss or bariatric surgery, as defined by the American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery, is a surgery that “works by changing the anatomy of your gastrointestinal tract” or by “causing different physiologic changes in your body that change your energy balance and fat metabolism.” Weight loss surgery ultimately changes a person’s desire

VBG was 1 of the 2 operations (along with RYGB) advocated in the 1991 NIH consensus conference statement. In the late 1980s and early 1990s, it was the most common surgical procedure for obesity but is now much less common than gastric bypass. The VBG was first performed in 1980 by Mason and reported in 1982. Since that time it has undergone several modifications (Tessier & Eagon,

According to the United States, two hundred million Americans are currently obese or overweight. The prevalence of obesity in the general surgical population is approximately 30 percent of both children and adult patients. Every year an increasing number of obese patients undergo

Obesity continues to increase in the United States and affect overall health and wellness. Adults with a body mass index (BMI) between 25 and 29.9 are overweight, while a BMI of 30 or higher is obese. In 2013, an estimated 57.6% of females were overweight or obese (Kaiser Family Foundation, 2013). With the rise in obesity, the rate of bariatric surgery has risen. There were an estimated 220,000 bariatric procedures performed in 2008 in the United States (Nicholas & May, 2010, p. 4).

Bariatric Surgery is surgery on the stomach of a person to help with serious signs of obesity. With this surgery there are many type of procedures that all causes you to loss weight but there are man type of ways to do so. Bariatric surgery also known as a type of weight loss surgery it is optional for people who have a bmi also known as body mass index only if greater than 40 you are considered obese. Your BMI is based on your height and weight. It's one way to see if you're at a normal healthy weight for yourself. Your BMI for being Underweight is less than 18.5. Your BMI at an Healthy weight is 18.5 to 24.9.Your BMI for overweight is 25 to 29.9. Finally Your BMI for obesity would be 30 or higher. Surgery is also an option for human beings with a body mass index between 35 and 40 who have health problems like type 2 diabetes or heart disease.There are two main types of bariatric surgery which are restrictive surgeries and malabsorptive surgeries.

The majority of studies did not assess the expense of the surgery in comparison to the cumulative cost of life long standard therapy. Prospective studies should evaluate the costs associated with surgery to the patient and the healthcare system and weigh it against the benefits and risks associated with the procedure. Further data is is required to clarify if Bariatric surgery is an economically feasible option in comparison to the current direct and indirect costs associated with the treatment and management of

This procedure involves stapling the stomach into two parts, so as to leave a small opening for food to pass from the upper stomach part to the lower one. The vertical banded gastroplasty is the most popular version of this type of surgery and is performed by vertically stapling the upper stomach near the oesophagus to create a small pouch along the inner curve of the stomach. The opening from the pouch to the rest of the stomach is restricted by a polypropylene mesh band or Silastic® ring band, which consequently causes a delay in the emptying of food from the pouch, causing a feeling of

Today there are several types of bariatric surgeries that promise to significantly reduce the BMI of chronically obese patients.

Bariatric Surgery is surgery on the stomach of a person to help with serious signs of obesity. Bariatric surgery also known as a type of weight loss surgery is optional for people who have a body mass index above 40. Your BMI is based on your height and weight. It's one way to see if you're at a normal healthy weight for yourself. Your BMI for being Underweight is less than 18.5. Your BMI at an Healthy weight is 18.5 to 24.9.Your BMI for overweight is 25 to 29.9. Finally Your BMI for obesity would be 30 or higher. Surgery is also an option for people with a body mass index between 35 and 40 who have health problems as type 2 diabetes or heart disease.There are two basic types of bariatric surgery -- restrictive surgeries and malabsorptive/restrictive surgeries.

Rationale: Gastric bypass operative procedures are a group of techniques that divides the stomach into a small upper pouch and a much larger lower pouch, then rearranges the small intestine so that it connects with both. There are a number of techniques to reconnect the intestine, but all lead to a considerable reduction in the volume of the stomach, also accompanied by an altered physiological response to food. Despite media advertising, these procedures are major surgeries that are usually only prescribed to treat morbid obesity, type-2 diabetes, serious hypertension or sleep apnea. Typically, 15% of patients have negative complications, and .5% dies within six months of surgery due to post-operative complications (USDHHS, 2009).

The perceived rise in attraction for gastric banding is not just due to the promised reduction of weight but also the reports by healthcare practitioners describing the supposed safety and results of a laparoscopic procedure such as gastric banding, and also a further lack of identifiable problems immediately after surgery, with difficulties tending to be relatively easily repairable. However, research conducted over an extended period of time has observed that impediments became more frequent, with subsequent surgeries required in order to repair damage. Findings also identified that a large faction of those who underwent the treatment exhibited very little change in their ability to lose weight. Whilst, it is evident within such studies that this procedure has not led to a high rate in deaths, a staggering fifty percent have undergone

Long-term complications from bariatric surgery are being discovered years after the procedure. This is of importance because patients who have had bariatric surgery are strongly advised to follow the new lifestyle such as vitamin supplementation and changing eating habits to avoid future complications (“Bariatric Surgery Procedures,” 2016). Yet, there are studies that indicate that long-term complications are still rising. Therefore, an evaluation of the Roux-Y gastric bypass and the sleeve procedure is needed to determine if among the two most common bariatric interventions there is one with the least long-term

No studies evaluate the commonly used indications for bariatric surgery. Consensus guidelines suggest that the surgical treatment of obesity should be reserved for patients with a body-mass index (BMI) >40 kg/m(2) or with BMI >35 kg/m(2) and 1 or more significant co morbid conditions, when less invasive methods of weight loss have failed and the patient is at high risk for obesity-associated morbidity and mortality (strength of recommendation: C, based on consensus guidelines).

Malabsorptive surgery includes the vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG) and bilio-pancreatic diversion with duodenal switch (BPD-DS). These surgeries rearrange or remove part your digestive system that limits the absorption of calories and nutrients. (Patil 1). Treatments with a large malabsorptive component result in the most weight loss but tend to have higher complication rates.

It is imperative that the preoperative assessment include the client’s height and weight and that such is obtained in the clinical setting. A client that presents with a BMI greater than 25 % the ideal height and weight will be considered obese. A triceps skinfold test with a result of greater than 15mm in men or 25mm in women can indicate the above. It is important to ask about medical conditions, eating habits (such as what, when, and why), and medications (antihistamines, corticosteroids, and estrogen) that may contribute to weight gain. Client’s activity level should also be acquired.