Laparotomy Case Study

This case is extremely relevant to what is known as the four D’s of negligence; duty, dereliction, direct cause and damages. Duty is when a doctor and a patient have formed a relationship and said doctor has taken on the responsibility of taking care of the patient. Dereliction or failure to perform a duty, there must be some kind of proof that the doctor somehow neglected the doctor neglected the patient. Direct cause, there must be some kind of proof that what happened to the patient was a direct cause of how the doctor conducted himself or his failure to act which resulted in injury. Damages a patient must prove that harm was incurred by the direct result of the physicians actions.

One of the reasons the doctors were not ethical is they didn't tell him all of the risks and he didn't really understand what was going to happen after the operation. ''Miss Kinnian says maybe they can make me smart.''(Flowers for Algernon progress report 1 March 5 1965) ''Has the patient been informed of benefits and risks, understood

This adverse event should be escalated properly so that the administration and other doctors are aware of the outcome. This death could have been prevented, and others should be able to learn from this. We don’t know the full story from this short problem described in the book, but many questions arise from the situation. Was she completely aware of the risks? Did she know she was not a good candidate for the surgery?

A few sources of error may have occurred during this lab, one of the main sources of error could have been mixing up which liver is which. This could drastically affect the conclusions

Following the CT scan findings, nasogastric (NG) tube feeding was stopped immediately and general surgery team was consult. On the same day, Mr. S underwent a right hemicolectomy with end-ileostomy for ischemic bowel. The intra-operative findings include dilated right colon and transverse colon, a foot long necrotic terminal ileum, and necrotic right colon up to close to the hepatic. Brooke ileostomy was perfomed. The stoma located at right lower quadrant (RLQ) of the

Time out was performed and all information was accurate and confirmed. Skin marker is used to mark incision line. A #10 knife blade on a #3 handle is used to make a vertical suprapubic incision is made through the skin and linea alba extending from below the umbilicus to the symphysis. The rectus muscles are retracted with Richardson retractors to develop the prevesical space. Blunt dissection by the surgeon’s finger is used to reflect the peritoneum superiorly away from the dome of the

Small hiatal hernia. Walls of esophagus appear mildly thickened distally, nonspecific, and may relate to

Today I came into the operating room and saw a sleeping patient being put onto their stomach. The patient is an obese female. The surgeon for the operation was Dr. Arias and the anesthesiologist was Dr. Speck. The procedure was a right L4-5 microscopic lumbar discectomy. The patient claimed to have pain on their right, which was a result of part of the spinal cord pinching a nerve. The radiologist in the O.R. took some X-rays, and shortly afterwards, Dr. Arias marked the area where he made the incision. Iodine was applied to the lower back of the patient. Dr. Arias scrubbed in and began making an incision. A microscope was given to Dr. Arias so he could zoom in or out of the wound and see a better view for the operation. Dr. Arias told me he

The indications of pancreatic adenocarcinoma don't generally show up in the disease's initial stages and are individually not different to the illness. The indications at diagnosis shift as per the area of the tumor in the pancreas, which anatomists divide into the thick head, the neck, and the decreasing body, finishing in the tail. Despite a tumor's area, the most

| Visual examination of the abdominal cavity after making a small incision near a woman's navel and inserting an illuminated tube is called:

A 14 year old female with no known history of pancreatitis, alcoholism, diabetes, or biliary disease presented for an abdominal sonogram. Her only symptom was generalized upper abdominal pain with no history of nausea, vomiting, weight loss, or appetite changes. Ultrasound images showed a well circumscribed, round, hypoechoic 14-mm lesion within the head of the pancreas and another lesion in the body. Color Doppler analysis showed no internal or peripheral vascularity associated with the lesions. The main pancreatic duct was dilated, measuring at 4 mm. The ultrasound examination was followed by an MRI which demonstrated a 12 mm mass in the pancreatic body that correlated to the

The anal sacs will need to be lavaged with an anti-septic solution to prevent the spread of any infection. The tip of a catheter known as the 6-French will then be placed into the rectum. The rectum will need to be packed with saline saturated gauze, to protect the surgical site from contamination. Once this is done, the foley catheter will need to be filled with saline until the anal sacs are easily palpated. Surgical scissors will then be used to make and incision down the wall of the anal sac. With slight pressure placed on the catheter during this insicion, the anal sac should easily be removed. Once the anal sac has been removed the duct that is connected will need to be removed as well. After this is done, the pocket in which the anal sac was removed from will have to be lavaged with saline several times. Now the wound will be sutured with either a 3-0 or 4-0 suture. The patient will then be sent to recovery and all vitals will be

Hello Thelma, you brought up great information on how to assess the abdomen thoroughly. I absolutely agree with you, the abdomen should be assessed in a systematic approach. I would inspect, auscultate, percuss, and palpate the abdomen. I would definitely listen to dull sound when percussing the abdomen which is common sound with someone who has ascites. As mentioned by Jarvis (2012), dullness occurs over fluid or mass area. I would approach palpation in a careful manner to especially to the enlarged and tender area of the abdomen. M.M is exhibiting fatigue, weight loss, and anorexia which are due to his long term use of alcohol from the past. I would also try to get labs and diagnostic testing to rule out cirrhosis and plan for accurate treatment.

patient was not having any pain or significant discomfort in the area. The throat was

According to Ashish Chandra and Zachary D. Frank, surgeons have been trying to find a more effective method of performing