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Lathe Machine

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1. Introduction

The first lathe machine that was ever developed was the two-person lathe machine which was designed by the Egyptians in about 1300 BC. Primarily, there are two things that are achieved in this lathe machine set-up. The first is the turning of the wood working piece manually by a rope and the second is the cutting of shapes in the wood by the use of a sharp tool. As civilizations progressed, there have been constant modifications and improvements over the original two-person lathe machine, most importantly on the production of the rotary motion.

Lathe machine is the single most versatile machine in the engineering workshop. A lathe is a machine tool which spins a block of material to perform various operations such …show more content…

This provides the lathe’s X-axis, which is the diameter the workpiece is machined to. The compound rest holds the tool post, which supports the cutting tool. Mounted on top of the cross slide, the compound rest can be swiveled to any angle in the horizontal plane. This is useful when cutting angles and short tapers on the workpiece.

2.5 Feed Mechanism

2.5.1 Bar feeding mechanism of capstan lathe
Figure typically shows the kinematic arrangement of feeding and clamping of bar stock in capstan lathes. The bar stock is held and tightly clamped in the push type spring collet which is pushed by a push tube with the help of a pair of bell-crank levers actuated by a taper ring as shown in figure. Bar feeding is accomplished by four elementary operations; ο unclamping of the job – by opening the collet ο bar feed by pushing it forward ο clamping of the bar by closing the collet ο free return of the bar-pushing element

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After a job is complete and part off, the collet is opened by moving the lever manually rightward to withdraw the push force on the collet. Further moving of the lever in the same direction causes forward push of the bar with the help of the ratchet – paul system shown. After the projection of the bar from the collet face to the desired length controlled by a pre-set stop – stock generally held in one face of the turret or in a separate swing stop, the lever is moved leftward

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