Law Enforcement And Criminal Justice Enforcement

Violent crimes happen every day in America, yet the full scope of why and how they happen are not understood by many outside of law enforcement. But within the ranks of law enforcement and the criminal justice system itself, violent crimes are examined and analyzed at length to determine both how and why the incident occurred, as well as what can be done in the future to prevent a similar event from reoccurring. Investigators use multiple methods and seek various explanations as to why a violent crime occurs. This literature will look at some of those things that investigators try to sort out in the aftermath of a violent crime, such as the killer’s modus operandi and signatures, his psychology, relation to his victims, and how the effect of gender, race, or culture might impact his violent behavior.

Victimology draws together academics, activists, and policymakers from a variety of backgrounds and identifies three main victimological perspectives. Positivist victimology dates back to the emergence of victimology as a discipline in the 1940s. It looks to understand the process of victimisation and why people become victims of crime by examining the relationship between the victim and offender through an agency lens. Newburn (2013) identifies positivists such as Miers (1989) who see victimisation as being causal in nature and identify three key features:

Have you ever sat back and thought of the multiple different people that need the criminal justice professionals? A lot of people think that the police, child protection and probation officers are a waste of time but they actually save lives. Adolescents who can no longer live with their parents are placed in others home until it is safe to go back home, homeless people without homes are placed in shelters as well as women that are abused in domestic violence situations. People from every walk of life, race and culture experience these situations. People within the criminal justice profession protect these individuals and help them find a way out of the environment they are in.

Terrorism has always existed in American policing, and while the groups committing these acts have changed, their intentions have not. Their intentions being to cause maximum fear and scare those who they target into doing and following their ideology. In the 1970’s and 1980’s in America, the main terrorist groups were associated with the environmental movement and race based groups, while other parts of the world were dealing with Islamic extremists, were committing terrorist acts across the Middle East without much intervention from the United States. In fact the group Al-Qaeda, who attacked the World Trade Centers in 1993 and 2001, found its roots in the 1980’s fighting the Soviet Union in Afghanistan with weapons supplied by the Central Intelligence Agency. While the U.S. Federal Law Enforcement agencies knew of these groups, they underestimated the capabilities of lone wolf, small cell, and whole terrorist organizations. This was due to the fact that the Federal Law Enforcement agencies top priority was general crime such as organized crimes and white-collar crime.

Tashanna N Garcia is currently enrolled in the Masters of Criminal Justice, with a concentration in Forensic Science, program at Saint Leo University. Tashanna comes from a military background where she served as an officer in the United States Marine Corps. Her military training was essential to her transition into law enforcement, where she spent the last ten years working for two police departments as a patrol officer and then for the Alabama Department of Public Safety as a Traffic Homicide Investigator for the State Troopers. Tashanna hopes to return to the law enforcement field in an administrative capacity and has a passion for forensic disciplines. Correspondence concerning this paper should be addressed to Tashanna N Garcia,

One particular positive is that plea bargains take into account the victims needs and include the victims throughout the plea-bargaining process. In the past, victims issues were not heard and often created secondary victimization. Erez and Tontodonato (1990) found that “The most consistent result emerging from the studies was victims’ frustration with and alienation from the system” (p.452). Listening to victims needs is important and has come to the forefront in recent years. Although prosecutors, Crowns, and judges do not have to take the victim's statement into account, it is important for their voices to be heard.

The National Criminal Justice Reference Service (NCJRS) created in 1976, is a resource that allows anyone interested in crime, victim assistance and public safety to search through NCJRS to find articles and information related to their topics. The NCJRS is immensely helpful for those conducting research to find supporting articles. The NCJRS Abstract Database has a collection of 220,000 records, over 60,000 online resources, and all known works by the Office of Justice Programs (VIRTUAL LIBRARY). This paper will focus on the results of using the NCJRS Abstract Database.

Consequently, different agencies will have different professional relationships with other agencies. It is important that victim assistance providers contribute to public confidence and respect for their agency. (FIX) Victim advocates are working with a specialized population that has experienced a traumatic event. It is especially

Most cities and counties in Colorado as well as across the United States have a Victims Advocate Program. These offices are staffed with trained people who care about the victim and their rights during their involvement in the criminal justice system. Their goal is to help lessen the impact of being a victim of crime or a witness to a crime, and provide information about how the court system works and the current status of their case. Remember, it is the very important for the victim to keep law enforcement that is working the case informed of any changes; keeping the lines of communication clear, open and up to date.

A person who experiences a traumatic event may be expected to experience a range of psychological effects, and, for many years, it was assumed that these psychological effects would be the same regardless of the cause of the injury. However, a growing body of knowledge is demonstrating that the impact of criminal victimization is different than the impact of other types of injuries because the intent element makes a difference in how the victim perceives the harm. In addition, victims of different crimes may respond differently to victimization. The psychological effects of victimization are important because they can help guide the criminal justice system for how to interact with victims and how to make the process more victim-appropriate. For example, victims of violent crimes, like sexual assaults, may benefit more from a victim-centered criminal justice approach than victims of other types of crimes (Resick, 1987). However, one of the problems with the traditional approach to victimology is that it has distinguished between different groups of victims. Emerging research suggest that victim needs are similar across the entire spectrum of crime, particularly the victims' needs for information about the crime and the needs for financial restitution to make them whole (ten Boom & Kuijpers, 2012).

Law enforcement and social work, is there is difference between the two. Yes, they both have different job titles but do they sometimes do cross path in their career field. Most, people disagree that there is a dichotomy between law enforcement and social workers. While an offender is on supervision there are some three main functions that Latessa and Davis talk about. Those functions are: law enforcement, social worker, and bureaucrat role. The law enforcement role focuses on the enforcing the law, social worker role make sure that the offender is adjusting to their community successfully, and finally the bureaucrat role makes sure that the agency policies are being carried out. Papaorzzi and Gendreau, talk about how a PO is successful with their casework. They, gone on to say that they are successful because they balance their law enforcement and social work case work. Another reason they are successful, is because they reducing the recidivism rate is a goal of the department. As an officer, you put into many different situations and are required to make the best decision possible for the both the offender and the victim. For example, if a young child was being abused by their mother or father, as an officer it is your duty to arrest that parent for abuse but also making sure the child can stay with a guardian who will not put the child in any danger. Now, there is some evidence that believes that there is a false dichotomy, reason is that people believe that there should

Despite some police officers might use authority to frighten and approach others in any way they like, there is still a great amount of officers that do live up to the standard to serve and protect others. Police officers are often needed to reinstate order and regain the compliance from very hostile situations. Police officers are sometimes required to use force that is not considered excessive or the possibility of being accused or seen as brutality.

One very important investigative tool that an individual can use to improve any Sheriff Department or Police Department is to look at how the victim was treated by the suspect and also look at how the suspects wants to gain control. The suspect in many cases shows a pattern of behavior about how he attacks near his home or does he use the victim’s body as a vehicle. When the victim body is used as a vehicle the suspect will usually go to a certain area to pick up the victim and then transport the victim in a vehicle and choose a place for the crime to be carried out. During the Seminar Dr. Hector gave mind blowing example of how the victims are taken from one place to another scene and then the class then focused on the pattern of the suspect in order to figure out how the victim was brought to the scene (Hector

The studies conducted by a victimologist gather an extraordinary amount of information about the victim, the crime, as well as the loss incurred just to name a few (Karmen, 2016). There are several perspectives a victimologist much research to piece together the totality of a crime, each working together to create a full understanding of a situation. In your response, you mentioned asking if the victim has fallen victim to a similar crime in the past. This question could assist the victimologist with their research, particularly in domestic situations. As an officer, I often see repeat offenses of domestic violence involving the same individuals. In the course of my career, I have made contact with the same victim in the same situation

Police and other agencies within law enforcement receive multiple calls for service daily. They enter a world of the unknown while being required to serve and protect the general public fairly, without bias toward race, religion, gender, or political affiliation. They are confronted with serious crimes that they must deal with at any given moment, on any given day. Law enforcement officers may receive a call-for-service to handle a domestic dispute where weapons are involved, respond to call where a pet was tossed in traffic from an overpass, and become involved in a [shots fired – officer down] police run, all during an eight-hour day. Police and other law enforcement agencies must always be prepared for the unknown