Leadership Styles Between Western And Non Western Cultures

This literature review will make use of four pieces of academic work to discuss how the concept of culture can intrinsically affect leadership. The literature finds that the link between culture and leadership is an important, yet complicated relationship. I will begin by discussing and defining the central concepts of culture and leadership. I will then explain and analyse the significance of culture upon leadership. Finally I will review Hofstede’s cultural framework to assess its significance and relevance to the topic at hand.

Rothman stands by the importance of effective leadership in accord with Schmitz, (2012) in “understanding cultural value dimensions in businesses” is significant for an organization. Since Dr. Rothman feels that globalization and new technology have fast, advanced in the last few years, it is also important, like Malonis statement in his article that “companies establishing a global presence devise strategies related to language cultural awareness and sensitivity.” (p. 347). Dr. Rothman understands that the process that an effective leader follows using the skills needed to build up an organization adequately is a combined effort of individuals working together. Recently he made a statement saying, “Ours is an institution that welcomes people from all countries and backgrounds.” It is important that the as a leader that the semantic ethic of any individual that other under their domain treat others that are different from themselves with respect alleviating intercultural conflicts. Knowledge and awareness of cultural values can enable leaders and managers to effectively manage and work through intercultural conflict and interactions (Schmitz,

The aim of this article is to explore different leadership styles and the way they influence their work outcome.

Leadership style is the driving force behind an organizations effectiveness and overall success. Leaders control the heart of an organization; they control the direction, values, and employee’s level of commitment to the organization. Consistency and reliability are key traits that followers look for in a leader. Team members need to understand and know that the actions of their leaders will be within the expected realm of who they are and how they have presented themselves. A leader’s inconsistency could be viewed by followers as unreliable, unpredictable, and hard to follow. So how does a leader navigate an organizations multi-faceted culture while cultivating success and effectiveness?

Questions will often arise as to the effectiveness of varying leaderships styles and techniques used with differing cultures. Not all people will respond the same in certain circumstances, largely due to their cultural or ethnic sensitivities. “Evidence reflects that particular styles of and approaches to leadership may not be as successful with all cultural groups” (Aritz & Walker, 2014). Leaders working with either groups or individuals face many challenges today. It’s highly likely that most groups will be made up of individuals from across many different ethnic and cultural backgrounds. Leadership styles and techniques must be made inclusive of culturally sensitive issues and tendencies. Some people have been taught that being direct and straightforward is the most effective way to solve problems. Straight to the point with little or no deviations in order for all those involved to remain focused on the task at hand. While this may seem like a normal and most efficient approach for some, others may not be as comfortable and accepting.

“When Cultures Collide”, Richard D. Lewis charted 24 leadership styles from around the world and I noted some similarities of the leadership styles that he made between an American and British that echoed that of a Kenyan and Tanzanian: British managers are diplomatic, casual, helpful, willing to compromise, and seeking to be fair, though they can be ruthless when necessary. Unfortunately, their adherence to tradition can result in a failure to comprehend differing values in others. American managers are assertive, aggressive, goal and action oriented, confident, vigorous, optimistic, and ready for change. They are capable of teamwork and corporate spirit, but they value individual freedom and their first interest is furthering their own career

Inclusive leadership is the practice of leadership that carefully includes the contributions of all stakeholders in the community or organization. The way a leadership mind is structured depend on how he structures his organization. An individual mindset might over shadow their ability to effectively overturn certain decision or behaviors. A leader’s values and characteristics strengthen the organization cultural diversity. Modern leaders use different styles and skills to shape human intuition. Their instinct reflect their ability to understand other’s cognitive ability. As a consultant in a global multicultural company, it will be very challenging to effectively lead an organization without implementing a strategic plan that promote respect, trust, loyal, and integrity. Prewitt, Weil, & McClure (2011) note, “Leadership involves creating a vision of the organizational future, devising a strategy for achieving that vision, and communicating that vision to all members of the organization” (p. 13). Depending on the structure of the organization, the leader’s mindset can and will change to adopt to the cultural diversity of the organization. Leadership, unlike management, is not dependent on position, title or privilege; instead it is an observable, understandable, and learnable set of skills that can be mastered by anyone that is willing to take the time and put forth the effort to learn them (Yukl, 1998). While implementing different strategies to improve the organizational

In today's world, there are many different styles of leaderships. All of them are approaches used by individuals, which are based on their values, preferences and beliefs but also on organizational culture and norms which encourage some styles and discourage others. Leadership styles work most efficiently if they are adapted to the demands of the situation, the requirements of the involved people and the challenges facing the organization. There is a difference in ways leaders approach their employees. In the analysis of Coach Knight and of Coach Krzyszewski's leadership types, the authors sketch two successful leaders who were great achievers despite huge differences in their leadership styles. Couch Knight led through intimidation and discipline while Coach K. through positive reinforcement, trust and confidence.

Managing a diverse workforce assists in creating a vivacious and assorted business team with opportunities and challenges for people of all aptitudes and experiences, besides host country nationals. In addition, by managing a diverse workforce assists in the facilitation of change in a country’s normal operating business practices. According to Hofstede’s dimensions of culture model, one could better understand the challenges faced by multinational managers in regards to human resource management, leadership style, motivational assumptions, decision-making, organizational design, and how culture can affect strategy implementation (Cullen & Parboteeah, 2014, p. 52). Furthermore, one can imagine how important manger actions and behavior are in educating future business leaders on how important it is to have a global mindset (“Social,” 2014). Lastly, although some consider the challenges mentioned obstacles, one could also consider finding opportunities in learning and progressing as a manager by being flexible and knowledgeable about different business possibilities and styles.

For this research assignment students will analyze the roles of leaders and leadership style, collaboration initiatives and effectiveness, and team motivation and culture. The roles of leaders require that, progressive teams are managed effectively in many different categories. Cross-cultural environments and new organizations requires that leaders think about their personal experiences and match them up to reconstructing and creating a team’s that’s confront with organization challenges. The leadership style require that the leader’s approach is parallel with team’s development levels, to achieve objectives, manage teams’ relationships and assure that the teams effort are innovative for the organization progression. Carlock, R. S. (2012).

Hofstede 's cultural dimensions theory is a framework for cross-cultural communication, developed by Geert Hofstede. It describes the effects of a society 's culture on the values of its members, and how these values relate to behavior, using a structure derived from factor analysis.

This report is comparison between Hofstede and GLOBE (Global Leadership and Organisation Behaviour Effectiveness) research on Culture and Leadership. Hofstede and GLOBE is similar, they both investigation the behaviour of organisations in different countries and across culture. But the way and research scope still quite different. In this report we will summarized and reviewed the theoretical dimension of various culture and leadership. Include the deficiencies in Hofstede’s work which the GLOBE study sought to address.

There are numerous differing assumptions about the leadership from other cultures that occurs across the globe specifically in regards to high-context cultures like “China, China, Korea, Japan, France, Greece, and many Arab countries”, more emphasis is placed upon perception rather than what is “actually written down or said”

Every organization has a culture that focuses on social integration, motivation and commitment to help accomplish goals and innovation while increasing productivity and competitive advantage. The complex nature of organizations forces one to analyze the internal behaviors that are perceived as the norms in the environment, thus creating a culture that is embraced whether intentionally or unintentionally by the people of the organization. To add, interacting across cultures and within international organizations can be challenging due to the complexities of multicultural situations. Hence, this dissertation will discuss the impact of cultural dimensions on the emerging leadership development and operation of an international joint venture with Russia.

Why is management style relevant to the globalization of businesses? Not all countries adhere to the same structure of management-employee hierarchy in organizations, in fact, the typical management style in China contrasts starkly with that of the United States, or the “West”. A difference in management style affects everything from individual employee productivity to the overall organization’s success. As stated by Huang (n.d.) in an article outlining the differences in management style between the two countries, “In the west, the ideal boss is a