Leavitt Inbreeding

Random Mating: all individuals within a population must have an equal opportunity to pass on their alleles

Founder effect: isolated individuals of a population establish a new population → limited gene pool

From the data we can conclude that different traits or parameters can effect a population in many different ways. It can decrease or increase a population depending on the trait. After a hurricane hits Lake Malawi the cichlid fish male population must adapt to the new factors that have been put upon them. Mutation within the population supports the fact that it can cause dominant and recessive allele frequency to decrease. Migration causes the allele frequency to lower as well due to movement of the population after the hurricane. The cichlid male fish with a higher fitness are more suitable for their environment, but when their fitness is lowered, their allele frequency decreases. This

The study or practice of attempting to ‘improve’ the human gene pool by encouraging the reproduction of people considered to have desirable traits and discouraging or preventing the reproduction of people considered to have undesirable traits; Eugenics.

The character of Dee is a prime example of the issues of conformity. During the time that Dee began to reside in her new town, she became involved with the black nationalists. Dee unwillingness to to conform to white society led her to seek out those who shared the same background. She eventually becomes involved with the black nationalists. Her involvement with the black nationalists leads to her increased interest of African American culture and heritage. Although the black nationalists are heavily interested in African American culture and heritage, the ideals and practices do not seek out knowledge the correct way. The black nationalists do not respect matrilineal heritage. Matrilineal heritage is the……… This lack of respect for matrilineal

Consanguineous marriages, both in the past and in the modern day, are dangerous practice because offspring resulting from these pairings are often afflicted with congenital disorders and birth defects. The reason why this occurs can be found in Mendelian genetics. Samia Temtamy and Mona Aglan, in their study of consanguinity and genetic disorders in modern Egypt, state that “The majority of birth defects arise as a consequence of homozygosity for recessive traits” (Temtamy and Aglan 2012: 13). When two people that are closely genetically related mate, it

It is believed that sheep evolved in the dry, mountainous areas of Southwest and Central Asia around 8,000-10,000 years ago. The fibers, milk, hide, and meat provided by sheep continue to prove just how essential the animal is to both temperate and tropical agriculture. They are also very important to the United States because we have bred them for three major purposes: the production of very fine wool for clothing, the production of long wool for heavy clothing and finally for the production of mutton and lamb. Sheep have been bred to produce these three major necessities in such a short time that we don't consider the genetic downfalls, such as inbreeding. If that were the case, inbreeding would keep producing all of these major productions

Please explain what inbreeding is and why it is important to limit this effect in conservation programs.

There is another side to the biodiversity of the evolutionary field, as the population weakens the species start the inbreeding of smaller populations, thus playing a role in the extinction of a species. Inbreeding is reproduction among members of a species that are genetically similar. The genetic inbreeding is designed to bolster populations of species whose numbers are in decline. However, when only a few species or varieties of a species are cultivated or survive, the genetic diversity of the organism declines, and population is more vulnerable to being wiped out by new diseases or climate changes because of the inbreeding (Alters, 2000).

On the importance of maintaining the race, George quotes Dr. James G. Needham, a professor of entomology, stating, “The road to social deterioration runs by way of continued breeding from inferior stock. . . . Devastated cities may be rebuilt again by renewed labor and lost fortunes may be reestablished. . . . But the powers of mind and character eliminated by bad breeding may hardly be restored” (p. 46).

The results show that larger breeds such as the BMD and LEO have a lower longevity and larger litter sizes. BMD had an especially lower life expectancy with a mean of 7.7 years and could be a consequence of histiocytic sarcoma that is prevalent within this breed of dog. This makes sense due to an effect of inbreeding being disease.

The Anannage - white Martian/Igigl race, which is the bloodline of Queen Elizabeth are the ruling elite families of the world. They appoint into position of power the presidents or political leaders and prime ministers that are of their family bloodline, while giving the people in the societies of the world the illusion (deception) that their votes are appointing them in a position of power. This race of interbreeding bloodline extends far beyond the European civilization of the Aryans of the British Empire. These interbreeding bloodlines (a race within a race) were centered in the Middle and Near East in the ancient world. As a result, over thousands of years since, have expanded their power across the globe. A crucial aspect of this has

In his article defending procreative beneficence, Julian Savulescu argues that “couples…should select the child, of the possible children they could have, who is expected to have the best life, or at least as good a life as the others, based on the relevant, available information” (2001, 413). In this article, I argue that Savulescu’s conclusion introduces complications which challenge its practical application. These complications can be outlined as follows: a) what is best, in terms of non-disease character traits, is subject to change and irrationality; and b) unfettered selection by reproducers may have profound and unknown impacts on human populations. Accordingly, private, unrestrained genetic selection must be banned in the United States, with research permitted under careful oversight.

To further investigate the inbreeding and its implications within royal families, studies have been conducted regarding the Habsburg royal dynasty of Spain, which came to an end after the demise of Charles II, a severely inbred individual. Charles II, known as “El Hechizado” (The Hexed) was a severely disabled man who suffered from mental retardation, learning difficulties and many health problems. He was short, he had a large head compared to his body size, he had blood in his urine, he had difficulties chewing his food, and his two wives reported him to be impotent (citation-KIIFHKOBBL). He did not talk until 4 years of age and he did not walk until he was 8 years old. He was also the victim of two recessive genetic disorders: combined pituitary

This doesn’t directly chance the frequency of alleles within the gene pool, but the new member may have a unique combination of characteristics so superior to those of other members of the population that the new member will be much more successful in producing offspring. Furthermore, In a corn population, for example, there may be alleles for resistance to corn blight (a fungal disease) and to attack by insects. Corn plants that possess both of these characteristics will be more successful than corn plants that have only one of these qualities. They will probably produce more offspring (corn seeds) than the others, because they will survive fungal and insect attacks. Thus, there will be a change in the allele frequency for these characteristics in future generations.