Legal Studies Assess the effectiveness of the Criminal Justice System in dealing with young offenders.

They are easily influenced and can be molded into better individuals at this age point. That is why Youth Justice System subjects young offenders to consequences like counselling and community service for his or her offence instead of just locking them up as hopeless cases. This way can steer them clear from the life of crime and promote the long term protection of the society.

The criminal justice system approaches young offenders through unique policies to address the challenges of dealing with juvenile offending. They take special care when dealing with juveniles in order to stop them from repeat offending and stop any potential bad behaviour which could result in future. Juveniles have the highest tendency to rehabilitate and most adopt law-abiding lifestyles as they mature. There are several factors influencing juvenile crime including psychological and social pressures unique to juveniles, which may lead to an increase in juvenile’s risks of contact with the criminal justice system.

Environmental factors are what causes juveniles to commit crimes. Many people argue that it is not the environment they are living in, rather that they are born that way. Many people say that they raised their children the correct way, and didn’t show them about violence, then are out causing illegal actions. While many other people are saying that they are peered pressured to commit crimes. But in reality if we think about it, it all comes down to the child and their attitude. As we all know attitude plays a huge role in everyone’s life. Many juveniles are not taught about attitude and behavior at home until they start attending school. Which then becomes too late for both the child and the parent to get them back on the right path.

The reservation of the Convention on the Rights of a Child (CROC) had played invaluable role in charging the way in which young offenders are dealt with within the Australia Criminal Process. Including the introduction of the theory known as Doli Incapax meaning the age of criminal reasonability, the Young Offender Act 1997 NSW as well new law regarding the rights of a child once they have been arrested. It is evident that these while some of charges are still ineffective in dealing with Young Offenders within the Criminal Justice System the majority of them are in place for the greater good and are assisting young offenders when it relates to the Criminal Justice System.

Youth choosing to engage in criminal behavior is not a new phenomenon. Youth who choose to do this repeatedly are referred to as re-offenders. The age and the sex of the offender also contribute to the recidivism rate and the types of consequences. Other contributing factors in recidivism include the relationship the youth has with peers or parents, whether they abuse substances, and the racial origins of the young offender. There is a wide spectrum of consequences and different ways in which treatment attempts to aid re-offenders. Re-offenders commit various crimes and differ greatly in their response to treatment.

According to (Juvenile Offender) young people today are more malleable and can be easily influenced. It is mainly believed that the criminal actions by young offenders might be influenced by such external forces such as parental neglect, and inappropriate living conditions or with relations within their family. It is important to note that instead of seeing a rehab program as a form of punishment. Young people who are undergoing such a program should understand they are voluntary and should consider the program as a positive opportunity to change their lives for the better.

Doli Incapax assists in the effectiveness of CROC, as it sets out the age of criminal responsibility, which acts as a guideline for the purposes of CROC, and who different countries classify as "children". The age depends on when the particular country believes that a child is capable of forming the intent to commit a crime, and should take full responsibility for their actions. However, the range of ages is fairly wide, and some would disagree on others, as children's brains are not fully developed and they don’t know right from wrong, or in the other case, that a teenager does now know wrong from right and can form the intent to commit an offense. The age of criminal responsibility ranges around the world from as young as 7 in Kuwait, to 18 in Argentina, with Australia being 10. Those child offenders under the age of criminal responsibility will be dealt with through warnings, cautions and Youth Justice Centers, rather than being trialed as an adult and being sent to prison. Although most of the time effective, Doli Incapax can be problematic, in the way that it is often difficult to determine whether a child offender knew that the act that they committed was wrong and whether they state this during a police interview or in court. In this case, the prosecution

There is a moderate portion of juvenile law violations that are minor; however some young offenders are extremely dangerous and violent. (Caldwell, 2002) Studies have shown that most delinquent behavior stems from some sort of underlining issue or issues in a youth’s present or past history. State and county authorities must deal with these offenders while also responding to their personal social problems. This could range from child abuse and neglect, family issues and drug abuse, exposure to pornography and exposure to aggressive role models.

Authorities set an age at which young people can be held criminally responsible for their actions and try to rehabilitate youthful offenders through a juvenile justice system to keep them from becoming habitual criminals as adults. Thai law sets the age of criminal responsibility at 10, but breaks youthful offenders into several age groups. Those aged 10 to 15 appear before a juvenile court judge but are not normally subject to legal punishment. They may be reprimanded but are usually returned to the care of parents or legal guardians on the condition that they do everything to prevent the child from further misbehaving. If the court feels it is inadvisable for the offender to remain at home, the youngster will be placed in the care of a court-appointed

There has been numerous studies carried out and research to decide influences of assignments of cases from juvenile courts to adult criminal courts for trial and potential sentencing indicate higher recidivism rates among the offenders. This is because of the notion the youth possess on the strictness on the adult courts. They believe trials on these courts end up in harsh punishment for offenders. In a way, adult punishments scare youth away from committing major crimes. However, studies show that short term punishments imposed on young offenders in adult courts propagates the offenders to commit even more crimes that are serious after their sentence terminates. This results from interactions with other crimes bearer behind bars who are convicted for far much worse crimes than they are. In addition, the young offenders continued to commit crimes

Youth offending is a broad term used to describe those showing signs of antisocial behaviour from as young as 10 in England and Wales. The study into juvenile delinquency came to the forefront of criminology when statistics highlighted that prevalence and incidence rates of offending are highest during adolescence. Crime rates in young people were shown to peak at age 17 and slowly begin to decrease after this; statistics highlighted a drop of 50% when individuals were in their early 20s (Moffitt, 1993, pp. 674-675). This is also known as the age-crime curve.

There are many reasons a juvenile will continue to offend, but a recognition of these problems will help decrease the chances these problems will cause a second, third, or fourth trip to prison. Many crimes cause juveniles to continue to go to jail until early adulthood but the crimes that cause the most increases to the continuance of committing crimes is for drug dealing and weapon possession (National Institute of Justice 2014). Rehabilitation will serve to show these juveniles a life outside crime and a way to make their lives better and more stable. Many, about 40 to 60%, stop committing crimes before early adulthood but about 16 to 19% continue until they are at least 25 (National Institute of Justice 2014). Rehabilitation would take specific and early help/action to

Juvenile delinquency has plagued the youth around the United States for many years and therefore has the attention of the courts system in trying to answer many different questions. Here are some of the questions in many minds regarding adolescent crimes. Why does a young person commit a crime? What triggers the activity for them to commit the crime? What punishments are reasonable to the severity of the crime? Is capital punishment an option for a juvenile criminal? Why is there a rising trend in juvenile delinquency and what can we do to prevent it from rising further? Our conscience tells us these young people are just kids without the understanding of consequences with an under developed mind and skill set to know better, but to the victims of these juvenile delinquents do not agree. The victims suggest these delinquents know better, that they understand the difference of right from wrong, and they are simply doing the crime for the thrill, the money, or simply for the “infamous recognition”.

Today , we all wonder why juvenile is committing these crimes .There are many delinquency concern centers that know how to handle juvenile that violated the law , those who had committed serious and violent felony crimes . We cannot really tell why a juvenile is offended because many different reasons . Many juvenile offenders, criminal behaviors is because they come from abusive families , unhealthy relationships , school failure , living in a high crime neighborhood and its . An abusive family relationships have contributed to girls pathway to delinquency , while the peer association is more influential to boys .

Studies have shown in the past, that some of the main underlying factors that contribute to juvenile delinquency are differential association, peer pressure, socialization, age, mental health and drug/substance abuse. All these independent variables in some way can said to either directly or indirectly influence criminal behavior in juveniles. Other factors like demographics, race, and violent / nonviolent crimes are also taken in consideration at a smaller level. In many of the studies one would think that race would be a main variable but most research has chosen to only consider it as a factor and not as a main variable. When looking at Criminal Juveniles most studies define a juvenile who has committed any crime punishable by the