Legal Studies

Oxford English Dictionary- An action or omission which constitutes an offence and is punishable by law: ‘shoplifting was a serious crime’.

Prompt 1) Discuss and characterize the differences between committing a crime purposefully, knowingly, recklessly, and negligently (be sure to use examples and to distinguish clearly, in particular, between acting knowingly and acting recklessly). Given this analysis, what might explain why we blame a purposeful crime more than a reckless one?

Except as hereinafter set forth, a person who unlawfully kills another under any of the following circumstances, that is to say—

Last of all, Cost of avoiding harm needs to be taken into account. The argument that a danger was too costly to eliminate is not a legitimate argument. However courts do recognise a balance between the risk and the cost of eliminating it. If the risk is remote and the precautions needed to be taken are very expensive, the defendants lack of action by not doing anything may be justified. The greater the risk is and the more likely it is, the consideration is given towards the cost of the eliminating measures which the defendants may have taken to safeguard. The decision in these circumstances relies on whether the courts decide that the defendants had acted reasonable in the given

Unlawful killing of a human being by an act done: with intention to kill or to inflict grievous bodily harm. To kill or slaughter, inhumanly or barbarously.

State a brief example to illustrate each of the following terms: allowing someone to die, mercy killing, mercy death.

Murder is the intentional killing of another human being, with premeditation (in other words, the killing was planned). Common law defines murder by a number of requirements. It must be unlawful (an executioner assisting in a state execution cannot be charged with murder). As previously mentioned, it must be an act committed by one human being by another (a person crashing their car into a tree did not commit a murder, neither is the killing of an animal considered murder). There must also be malice aforethought -- premeditation towards

Negligence: A person acts negligently if they should have been aware of a substantial and unjustifiable risk that a certain consequence would result from their actions. Although the level of risk is the same for both recklessness and negligence, the difference between the two is that with recklessness, the actor must be aware of the risk involved with her actions, whereas, for negligence, the actor is not aware of the risks but should have known what those risks were”(National Paralegal College, 2017).

Course materials will also engage with debates over the role of the Harm Principle, Moralism and Paternalism, especially in the context of Criminal Law.

Based on the definition of murder is, The killing of another human being under conditions specifically covered law. In the U.S., special statutory definitions include murder committed with malice aforethought, characterized by deliberation or premeditation or occurring during the

Involuntary manslaughter is classified as killing another human individual unintentionally by their reckless behavior, or by a misdemeanor or lower level of felony. Voluntary manslaughter is killing another human individual by not having the intent to kill, but acted in the heat of passion during a certain situation in which the individual was having strong emotions. Also negligent homicide is when an individual causes death of another individual through criminal negligence meaning that there was no premeditation but was aware of the risks of his actions (Arizona State Legislature, 2007). An example of a case that falls under the tittle 13- criminal code of homicide sections 13-1101 to 13-1105 in Arizona is the Appellee v. Larry D. Thompson, 204 Ariz.

When someone doesn’t live up to their responsibility of exercising care, and that failure leads to another person’s injury or death, the action or lack of action is referred to as negligence. As an example, say someone causes a fatal accident because they were speeding. In this case, the driver who was driving above the speed limit acted negligently, and therefore can be held liable in court for damages caused. The victim’s surviving family members can also file a wrongful death lawsuit alleging that the driver who caused the crash owes them damages associated with that untimely and unnecessary death.

In England and Wales, murder is established (mens rea) where there is an act of the defendant, that causes the death

Murder is often defined as the killing of one human being by another. Most societies consider murder to be the most serious crime that is righteous of the harshest and

Society today is comprised of many different races, ethnicities and minds that think differently and similarly on various topics. The interpretation of homicide is a topic that may be considered to be a universally accepted social more. A common misconception of homicide is that it is used similarly to murder but homicide is general in scope than murder. Murder is a form of homicide that constitutes a criminal act. There are also other forms of homicide that do not comprise of criminal acts. Homicides of this nature are regarded as justifiable or excusable. An example of a justifiable homicide is when an individual is in peril they may out of self-defence