Leukoplakia Research Paper

Smokeless tobacco can cause oral problems for the user, such as Leukoplakia that creates white patches within the user’s mouth, which can soon turn into oral cancer. Oral cancers are cancers of the mouth, which can affect the throat and the voice box. Research shows that smokeless tobacco users are at a four times higher greater risk of developing oral cancer (NCI2, 2010). Smokeless tobacco can cause gum recession periodontitis, where the gums will recede and will not grow back. The periodontitis will leave the bony part of the teeth expose, while the smokeless tobacco can also cause gingivitis (Goldberg, 2005). Long-term users of smokeless tobacco, such as snuff can reach a point of 50 times greater risk of developing oral cancer (Cancer Prevention, 2008). The lesser oral effect of smokeless tobacco is bad breath, drooling, and tooth stains (NCI2, 2010).

the oral cavity? This research paper was written to provide information, to those who will

A health system defined as ‘all the activities whose primary purpose is to promote, restore and/or maintain health’ (WHO 2013). A good health system is indicated by its capability to delivers quality services, when and where the people need them (Australian Institute of Health and Welfare 2014). Australia’s health-care system is a combination of public welfare and private market provision (Willis, Reynolds & Keleher 2009). There are multiple layers of responsibility and funding provided by governments, individuals, health providers and private health insurers (Biggs 2013).

As dental hygienists we are members of the healthcare community. That means that we have an extremely important role when it comes to the health of our patients. When patients present themselves in our treatment room, it is our responsibility to make sure we do not leave anything unexamined. We are professionals in the practice of identifying, preventing, and treating oral diseases. We do this by completing thorough extraoral and intraoral exams and being conscious of what to look for. One particular exam that we do is an oral cancer exam. As dental hygienists we are at the forefront in identifying this disease. In an article written by Nancy Burkhart, a coauthor of General and Oral Pathology for the Dental Hygienist, she states, “It is known that oral cancer is more likely to be detected in an early stage in the dental office than those found at a physician’s office, which tend to be at a later stage.” (Burkhart, 2014) This may be because dental hygienists focus more on the oral tissues than physicians do; or the fact that patients go to a doctor when it is already at advanced stages. It is imperative that we as dental hygienists know the signs and symptoms of oral cancer, as well as the risk factors involved in developing the disease and how it can be prevented. While it is important as a dental hygienist to identify oral diseases, it is more important to educate our patients on how they can avoid any potential abnormalities from becoming severe problems,

The other types of cancer that are possible to get are pharynx, larynx and esophagus cancers. These types of cancers will develop if the chewer decides to swallow the chew spit. Some danger signs of these types of cancer are: a prolonged sore throat, difficulty in chewing, and a feeling of something in the throat. Treating these types of cancer is a lot harder to cure and the user doesn’t really know until it’s too late!

As stated by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, “Each year, more than 30,000 new cases of cancer of the oral cavity and pharynx are diagnosed and over 8,000 deaths due to oral cancer occur.” (CDC). Most adults are unaware that they have periodontal disease or gum disease, this occurs because they do not maintain routine checkups with their dentist. When we insert food and other bacteria into our mouths, it affects our teeth and gums. We need routine dental checkups and cleanings throughout our lives. Dental checkups usually involve x-rays, cleanings, and the examination of the mouth.

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Mouth. Oropharynx absent of lesions and/ or exudates. Mucus membranes, gingivae pink and moist. Upper and lower teeth are present. Multiple fillings in good repair. Tongue pink and smooth. Protrudes midline. No abnormal movements/ tremor noted.

Roger Lee is seen today for his intake physical but also has some concern about a lesion to the tongue, which was first identified by the dentist, Dr. ____ during his dental work on 10/26/2017. Now offender is currently still being treated with nystatin for thrush infection, he reports this tongue lesion which has been present for over 90 days now. Offender is a former smoker. He is concerned about it being a malignant lesion.

Oral cancer is a devastating disease. Over eight thousand American lives are taken by oral cancer and only a fourth of these patients do not excessively drink alcohol or smoke tobacco, which are the two main causes of oral cancer (The Oral Cancer Foundation). Survival rates for oral cancer could be much higher if the population would take precautionary measures to reduce their chances of being diagnosed with oral cancer. When the use of alcohol and tobacco are decreased, the chances of acquiring oral cancer are also decreased. By visiting the dentist at least once every year, new lesions could be found. Unfortunately, only seven percent of the population, who visits the dentist regularly, receives a thorough oral cancer exam(The Oral

First of all, smoking from cigarettes, pipes or cigars are all lead to oral health problem. Smoking causes an unpleasant mouth odor because of the growth of bacteria when protein breakdown. Smoking tobacco leaves black and brown stains on the surface of the teeth and make it difficult to clean. Study also show the risk of oral cancer on

No known allergies, no sinus, tenderness, no epistaxis, no bleeding gums, patient has partial dentures, one dental carrier noted, tongue is slightly coated, no swelling, lumps or tenderness noted in throat,

Fluorosis, Enamel hypoplasia and Amelogenesis Imperfecta hypocalcified type may be confused with MIH. Fluorosis is a diffused opacity and is not well demarcated like MIH and other teeth can be involved. Also teeth affected by Fluorosis are caries resistant. Enamel Hypoplasia is a quantitative defect of enamel which causes reduced thickness of enamel and it’s result of disruption of emeloblasts during secretory phase of amelogenesis. MIH and enamel hypoplasia can be difficult to differentiate when they have post eruptive enamel breakdown. Amelogenesis imperfecta is a genetic condition in which all or most of teeth are

Of 37 cases, 9 cases occurred in major salivary glands, with eight occurrences in the parotid region - 1 PA, 1 Adenolymphoma & 6 Acinic cell adenocarcinoma (AcADCC) and one in submandibular region- 1 Polymorphous low grade adenocarcinoma (PLGA). Of 37 cases, 28 cases occurred in minor salivary glands, with palate being the most commonly affected site by both benign (63.63%) and malignant tumors (58%).

Though specific subject selection criteria are not mentioned in the article, subject selection bias is not observed as cases reported in this article include both sexes, age range reported is broad from 31 to 70 years old the location and clinical appearance of each oral lesion were different. Author has reported and discussed each case and analyzed similarities and differences in all case reports. As per my opinion this study has following issues: