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Life On The Hyphen: The Cuban American Way

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In his book Life on the Hyphen: The Cuban American Way, Gustavo Perez Firmat says “[biculturation] describes a situation where the two cultures achieve a balance that makes it difficult to determine which is the dominant and which is the subordinate culture” (Firmat 3). This “biculturation” occurs very frequently in the so called “one and a half generation.” That is, when a child is born in one country, spends time there, and then grows up in a different country. This can be very hard on a person because they are not fully from their birth country, yet they are also not fully from the country that they grew up in, they essentially do not “fit” anywhere. Firmat argues that these “one and a halfers” go through “three stages in [their] adaptation …show more content…

Sandra is very independent and is constantly trying to do things that make herself unique and different than her sisters. Sandi was always the pretty one of the four sisters with her “blue eyes [and] peaches and ice cream skin” (Alvarez 54). Sandi was the girl that looked the most “American” of her sisters. Sandi also desired very much to get away from her family. She had a “yearning to wander off into the United States of America by herself and never come back” (160). However, Sandi fit into this culture in more ways than being able to “pass as American” (172). Like her sisters, when she went to boarding school, she started to do drugs and drink alcohol, things that might have made her fit in with the kids at her school and into the American culture more. She also had many boyfriends throughout her teenage years. It is said that she had “boyfriend long distance” (107) one summer, and she had “many opportunities” (86) with men. When she got older, she even “went away to a graduate program so [her parents] didn’t see her for a while” (55). Even from a young age, Sandi tries to establish her own sense of self which was sometimes hard for her growing up as a middle child between all girls. She finds out that she had a particular talent as an artist. She was enrolled in art classes as a child, but so were the rest of her cousins. No matter how …show more content…

This phase describes when the immigrant is still denying the fact that they are no longer in their homeland and therefore try to find ways to copy the culture of their homeland. This seemed to be the phase that Sandi experienced the least. However, she did have some instances of the longing for her birth culture. Their parents took the girls to “the Dominican World’s Fair” (161) and they saw folk dancers there. Their parents probably wanted the girls to get some taste of their culture and they thought that bringing the girls to things like this would help them stay in touch with their roots. The instance where substitution comes up the most is when the Garcias go to a restaurant with their family friends, the Fannings. They go to see a floor show and they get to watch Spanish dancers and eat Spanish food. When they get to the restaurant, there are many things that remind Sandi of her family back in the Dominican Republic. She recalls the “rich, familiar smells of garlic and onion” and the “cadence of Spanish spoken by [...] waiters [that] reminded Sandi of her uncles” (166). Even though she was young when she left, Sandi still has the memories of the Dominican Republic and the people and her family there. She can remember things that happened there and even remembers things like the day they left their

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