Running Head: LIFE SPAN PERSPECTIVE PAPER
Life Span Perspective Paper
Natalia Pimentel
University of Phoenix
PSY/375
Andrew Rodriguez
September 15, 2009
Life Span Perspective Paper
People are constantly changing and developing ever since conception to the day they pass away. Some changes can be more for people depending on the choices and incidents that occurs in a person’s life. The majority of changes that people go through are passed by common biological and psychological heritage by all people. One of the obvious elements is change when a development is being defined (Infed, 1998).This is when development which involves a movement from a certain state to another. The human development occurs through a process of
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According to Infed (1998), “Levinson argues that the life cycle comprises a sequence of four eras, each lasting for approximately twenty-five years. He also identifies a number of developmental periods within these eras, concentrating on early and middle adulthood.” (para. 8). The four eras in which are identified are; childhood and adolescence, early adulthood, middle adulthood, late adulthood (Infed, 1998). There are distinct characters in each era; however, the transition between eras can take a good three to six years to complete (Infed, 1998). For example, in order to complete the transition of the Early Adult period, there are two tasks which would be to move out of the pre-adult stage and take baby steps into the adult world. During the life span development two contemporary concerns that are related are nature versus nurture and continuity and discontinuity. Changes in humans have been researched through centuries in trying to understand forces that drive humans inside and out. Nature and Nurture are known to be contributions and experimental factors (McGraw-Hill, 2004). Believers of nature are believed that children are born with certain behaviors that are innate. These patterns can be a result of genetic and or prenatal care (McGraw-Hill, 2004). For people who lean more towards the nuture side, the effects of certain experiences can depend on a person’s perception (McGraw-Hill, 2004). The continuity and
The field of study that examines patterns of growth, change, and stability in behavior that occur throughout the entire lifespan is called lifespan development. Lifespan development takes a scientific approach in its study of growth, change, and stability. This development emphases on human development. Developmentalists study the course of development in nonhuman species, the most popular examine growth and change in people. In contrast I will focus on the ways people and myself change and grow during our lives, with the consideration of stability in our live span. Together, these findings suggest that we will go through
Erikson’s (1968, 1980, 1982) psychosocial stages of development provide a framework for the different stages of development throughout the human lifespan. These stages of development begin at birth and continue until death, and separate the lifespan into eight stages based on chronological age. Within these eight different aging stages are corresponding psychosocial stages. Each of these psychosocial stages represent a conflict between two characteristics of development for that particular time period in a person’s life.
Picking someone for this paper was much more difficult than the first one, at immediate thought the only people I knew over the age of 65 were my family members. I started to look into some of my friends’ parents but they were not quite there. Then it hit me, the perfect person to interview would be my friend that passed away in Dickinson, her grandmother. She is one of the most loving, caring, supportive grandparents I have ever met. I have always seen her from that stand point so interviewing her would only help me to understand how she became the way she is today.
So in conclusion the life span of development is simply psychological studies that form the very conception of the theory which is until the death of humans. It also has an insight of the relationship development as well that can be seen with in different stages of one’s development along with the five characteristics stages too. Even though Piaget and Freud did have very different theories on the different
According to Cliff Notes, Developmental psychology is the scientific study of age-related changes throughout the human life span. A discipline of scientific inquiry, developmental psychology recognizes humans of all societies and cultures as beings who are “in process,” or constantly growing and changing. This discipline identifies the biological, psychological, and social aspects that interact to influence the growing human life-span process. Within the last 25 years, developmentalist’s researchers who study human development expanded their focus to include the study of the physical, motor, cognitive, intellectual, emotional, personality, social, and moral changes that occur throughout all stages of the life span (cliff notes).
* Stability and change: the degree to which early traits and characteriistics persist through life or change
This has been a very fascinating journey from prenatal, birth to old age. The goal of this paper is to show how my knowledge and understanding of life span development has increased, as well as demonstrate how this knowledge and understanding will apply to and can be used within my area of specialization, Leadership Coaching.
In the textbook, Invitation to the Life Span by Kathleen Stassen Berger contains a section on how children are discipline in different cultures. Berger provided sources from Micheal J. MacKenzie and his colleagues on how different gender, ethnicity, and age plays a role in spanking children. It is said that mothers tend to use this method more often than fathers and boys in African American homes tend to have a greater chance of being spanked. I learned that in order to study the development in diverse setting, people have to do background research and possible studies to see as to why people do certain things like spanking. It is also good to considered every possible factor that could play a part. For instance in this finding, it is good
Life span developmental psychology takes a scientific approach to human growth and change, focusing on change during the life span. There are three main aspects to life span development: cognitive, social, and physical development. This class is not simply a discussion of nature vs. nurture, it explores the interaction between genetic and environmental factors that orient us towards specific behaviors. Initially, my views on life span development were limited to more sociological factors, and did not take into consideration physical developments of the brain. In relation to my personal and professional identity this course has made me realize that development occurs on a spectrum and that not everyone develops at the same time, in the same ways, making me more understanding and compassionate towards those who developed differently than me. The three most important lessons I have learned from this class are that development occurs throughout the entire life span, infants begin learning at a very young age, and that senescence begins as early as young adulthood.
Michael Jackson didn’t have much of a child hood at the age of 5 he was applauded for his voice at a recital performed
What would happen if one were in constant fear of a deadly disease? Or if one cannot find new jobs to support their family? These are the certain results if humans prolong their life. Firstly, extending the human life will lead to overpopulation. Secondly, the prolonged lifespan will cause people to become selfish, bored, and change their beliefs. Lastly, experimenting with human genetics as well as with modifying other species will result in new diseases, extinction of certain species, and the creation of invasive species. Therefore, enhancing the human life must be ceased since it puts too much of a risk on the future generations.
There are a plethora of ideas and theories regarding the developmental psychology behind why people metamorphosize into different personalities and habits later in life. Developmental psychologists have developed several ways to try and determine where the determining factors are in peoples’ lives that cause the differences. Several of the theories tend to have overlaps in parts of the ideas such as the ideas of “nature vs nurture” and that of “social context.” These theories share the overlapping ideas that there are outside influences on the way a person turns out in life. While “nature vs nurture” states that there are outside influences, there is also a counterargument that the genetic make-up of a person is the determining factor for how that person develops later. Even still, there are some who also believe that both arguments of “nature vs nurture” have even attributes on the lives of people.
B. F. Skinner thought of personality in terms of the effects external stimuli have on behavior. This emphasized the mutual interaction of the person or "the organism" with its environment. An example of this is something a baby learns. If a baby cries and receives attention, it teaches the baby that in order to get attention they need to cry. Princess Diana learned that external stimuli have a huge effect on her behavior.
According to Crawford and Walker(2010), the life course is defined in literature as, “The progression and path an individual takes from conception to death.” (Crawford and walker, 2012, p.3). The study of the life course and human development is extremely complex and could be described as interdisciplinary as it encompasses many fields of study. When examining the life course of individuals it is necessary to consider all of the various factors that affect human behaviour. These may include; psychological, biological, social, behavioural, cognitive or culture factors. Age can also be considered as a factor that influences lifespan development. In the early 19th century, the term “age related change” was regarded as only applicable to the early childhood stage but in recent years, psychologists have come to accept that age related changes occur throughout the entire life span. According to Boyd and Bee (2014), other earlier theories included Charles Darwin’s suggestion that, “the wide variety of life forms that exist on earth evolved gradually as a result of the interplay between environmental factors and genetic process.” (Boyd and Bee, 2014, p.3) Therefore Darwin proposed that it was either solely, “nature” or “nurture” that influenced the human development, but instead, a combination of both. In this assignment, I am going to focus on the specific psychological factors that influence human behaviour during the life course. I will compare two different psychological
During a person’s life span people go through a series of transitions and crises known as the developmental life-cycle (Erikson 1980). During the life-cycle there are a series of changes where the individual faces a transition from one state to another, came up with the eight stages of developmental crises, but he viewed these more as dilemmas rather than disasters (Erikson 1980).