Question 1
Light is described to be both as waves and photons. Photons are a mass of electric and magnetic fields all bundled together to make electromagnetic energy. It’s the basic unit that makes up all light. This electromagnetic energy is what oscillate sin waves and are right angles to one another. The nature of light also interacts with matter by absorption, reflection, transmission, and emission.
How light interacts with matter in the state of absorption is that the photons deposits energy into the material, thus increasing thermal energy and causing the material to get warmer. For example how my hands can feel warmer when there in front of a fire is an interaction of absorption from the fire emitting a warm feeling of matter. Another
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By rising the temperature in an object, the hotter the object becomes and changes its color becoming bluer as its temperature rises.
Through reflection, how it structures pigmentary color is for example a mirror on how we perceive the image. It reflects light components almost equally as the input and reflects the output light in the same angle from the normal direction of input light. Depending on the mirror or how it is curved, light waves intersect at a focal point before being imaged, affecting how we perceive the image.
There is also diffraction that absorbs an amount of energy, and produces a pigmentary color structure when a light wave passes through a tiny opening such as a slit or aperture. Thus, making the waves bend around behind the object creating a bright line where the shadow would ordinarily begin. Some waves bounce back into the path of the light over the original wave source creating an interference pattern around the edges of an object with a pattern of light and dark bands. Diffraction absorbs energy in each point on a wave front and can be considered as a source of a new
attributes. The optical effect may be explained by the fact that the human eyes see an object
What is emitted (or reflected) from the eyes as an individual takes in and processes visual information are quanta of light. It is the qualities of this light (including color, intensity, and wavelength) that lead to a range of processes such as transduction that are translated by the brain into meaningful images.
Measurements were taken of reflection and refraction angles from the vertical, speed and wavelength. It was noticed that if light was shone at several prisms, at a certain angle, colours of light were refracted. Some of the colours refracted differently due to their different speed and wavelength. Through the computer test, it was found that when light moved from an area of low density (eg air) to high density, the angle of refraction was decreased. For example, what was tested was light going through air to water ( low to high density) with the angle of vertical being 30 degrees.
When light passes from one medium to another, air to water for example, part of the light is reflected at the boundary and part of the light gets bent as it passes on to the new medium. The bending of this light is referred to as refraction. A sketch of this is shown below.
Scientific Report Light is essential for organisms to get a visual concept of the world. Without light everything would not be able to be conceived as visible. Luminous objects emit light, resulting in light bouncing off non-luminous objects and into anything that perceives light such as a camera or the eye. Luminous objects emit light as a wave. Unlike other types of waves such as sound waves and kinetic waves of motion, light waves do not require any state of matter in which to travel through, meaning light is the only energy that can that can travel through a vacuum- a space devoid of matter).
They have a natural frequency, which they are more likely to vibrate. The electrons are set into vibrating motion when a light wave of the same natural frequency interacts with the atom (Classroom, 1996). Hence, this also applies to the object with electrons at the same vibrating frequency as the light wave (Anttu et al., 2014). During the vibration, the electrons and its neighbouring atoms interact to convert its vibrating energy into thermal energy. Then, the light wave of the specified frequency is absorbed by the object which is seldom going to be released as a form of light. The object itself does not contain the colour. Instead, it consists of atoms that are able to selectively absorb one or more frequencies of visible light which reflect on its surface (Ellis, 2005). For example; the object will become visible green in the presence of white light (ROYGBIV - Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Blue, Indigo and Violet) when it absorbs all the frequencies of visible light excluding the frequency related with green light (Classroom, 1996). Hence, all of the vegetation in the photograph is visible in green by allowing the frequency of light to be selectively absorbed into the object and create vibration with the electrons except for the frequency associated with green light. This visualises the vegetations to be the colour it is commonly known to be.
Now, let's talk about absorption and emission lines. “Absorption lines are often superimposed on a colored continuum.” (Same website as spectral lines) Absorption lines are also a result of specific wavelengths being absorbed along the line-of-sight. Emission lines are sort of the opposite, they appear as discrete colored lines that are most commonly on a black background. These lines correspond to specific wavelengths of light emitted by an object.
The places where the tops meet create the bright spots and the places where the waves cancel each other out creates the dark spots. Therefore, Young’s experiment showed that light had a wave-like nature.
When light reaches an item with colour for example a banana ,the item attracts some of the light and reflects the rest of it. The wavelengths are reflected or absorbed depending on the characteristics of the object. When you look at a banana, the wavelengths of reflected light depending on what color you see. The light waves reflect off the banana peel and reaches the retina at the back of your eye. That's where cones come in. Cones are one type of photoreceptor, the tiny cells in the retina that respond to light. When light from the banana reaches the cones, it changes them to different levels. The outcome is split along the optic nerve to the visual cortex of the brain, which processes the information and returns with a colour, yellow.
It is truly possible that one person may see the color red differently than someone else. The reason colors are perceived differently is because of the cones and the rods in the eyes which present colors to the human brain. When light comes in connection with an object, that object then absorbs some of the light and reflects the remaining light that gives us the colors we perceive. Wavelengths are reflected or absorbed depending on the properties of the images. It has been reported that humans have up to seven million cones and almost all of them are condensed on the retina called the fovea centralis. The fovea centralis is known as the sharp central vision of the eye. Its primary function is to provide visual details for activities such as driving and reading. Light rays are transmitted through the eye by passing through the cornea, the pupil, and then striking the light sensitive nerve cells (rods and cones) in the retina. Visual processing actually begins in the retina and light energy produces chemical changes in the retina's light sensitive cells. These cells create electrical activity, giving us the images that we see today.
One bright afternoon, Newton darkened his room and made a hole in his window shutter, allowing just one beam of sunlight to enter the room. He then took a glass prism and placed it in the sunbeam. The result was a spectacular multi-coloured band of light just like a rainbow. The multi-coloured band of light we now know as the ‘colour spectrum’.
When a beam of sunlight passes through a specially shaped glass object called a prism, the rays of different wavelengths are bent at different angles. The bending breaks up the sunlight into a beautiful band of colors. This band contains all the colors of the rainbow and is called the visible spectrum. At one end of the spectrum, the light appears as violet. It consists of the shortest wavelengths of light that we can see. Farther along the spectrum, the light has increasingly longer wavelengths. It appears as blue, green, yellow, orange, and red, each shading into its neighboring colors in the spectrum. The longest wavelengths of light that we can see appear deep red in color. Some descriptions of the spectrum also mention the color indigo, which is closely related to blue, between violet and blue.
The brain receives signals from three different color channels: red, blue, and green. When the brain receives a mix of these signals, we perceive colors that are mixtures of these three primary colors through a process called color addition (Think Quest “Color Psychology”). All colored visible light can be expressed as either mixtures or consistencies of red, blue, or green, which by perception between the eyes and the brain, produces the vast spectrum of color that exists to humans and other organisms alike. With the ability to alter our moods and bodily functions, color has more of an impact on us than we may realize. Each color produces different effects on
When examined, an object and its color, the image identified is a wavelength of light that wasn’t absorbed, alike the other wavelengths, by the object. The beam is then reflected towards the
Light is referred as an electromagnetic radiation and its nature’s way of transferring energy. Without light, there is no energy and without this energy we would not have the ability to survive. There are many sources of energy but light is one of the most important because it provides energy to all living things here on Earth. The sunlight we get from the sun is absorbed by the earth’s atmosphere which in return is then changed to heat energy. This heat energy is what helps keep our earth warm (sometimes a little too warm for my taste).