Lightner Witmer Helped Shape The World Of Psychology The

As stated previously, Washburn was a leading pioneer for women in the field of psychology. Her teachings demanded excellence of all of her students – in particular, the women. With her encouragement, many of her female students pursued graduate degrees in the various areas of psychology. Feeling appreciative of her support, in 1928 Washburn’s students presented her with a generous gift of over $15,000. Rather than use that money for her own pleasure, Washburn established scholarship funds for students of psychology at Vassar. (Goodman, 1980, pg. 6, para. 3).

He claims that right before WW2 there were 3 main objectives to psychology: curing mental

In this essay I am looking at where Psychology as a discipline has come from and what affects these early ideas have had on psychology today, Psychology as a whole has stemmed from a number of different areas of study from Physics to Biology,

At the end of the nineteenth century, Titchener brought Wundt’s basic ideas of psychology to America. He was responsible for translating many of Wundt’s works into English as they were all in German. Many did not now that Titchener only translated what he agreed with and choose not to translate anything he disagreed with. Titchener called Wundt's ideas structuralism, and tried to study the structure of mental life or consciousness. His structural psychology had three aims:

Psychology is a branch of philosophy until the late 1870’s when it was developed in Germany and the United States as an independent scientific punishment. In 1879, Wilhelm Wundt founded the first laboratory and dedicated it to psychological research in Leipzig, Germany. Wilhelm Wundt was also the first person to be referred as a psychologists. Early sponsors to the psychology field are Hermann Ebbinghaus, who is the pioneer in the study of the memory. William James, who is the father of pragmatism. Ivan Pavlolv, who had develop the procedures that is associated with classical conditioning, which is the learning process which an innate responses to a stimulus that comes to be elicited in response to a neutral stimulus. In 1890, Hugo Munsterberg began writing the application of psychology to production, law and other fields. Also in 1890 Lightner Witmer had established the first psychology clinic.

William James (1842-1910), James McKeen Cattell (1860-1944), Lightner Witmer (1867-1956), and John B. Watson (1878-1958) were major contributors to the study psychology at this time. James was a pioneer to the development of functional psychology, following the work of Wilhem Wundt (Schultz & Schultz, 2012, p. 131). Cattell was known for his mental tests that were used to measure mental capabilities and intelligence (Schultz & Schultz, 2012, p. 166). These mental test developed into IQ tests determining the intelligence of a person going into the army or being qualified for a job. Witmer began clinical psychology. He developed diagnostic and treatment approaches as they were needed for treating children with hyperactivity, learning disabilities, and poor speech and motor development because he was the first one to do it (Schultz &Schultz, 2012, p. 175). There were no examples for him to follow to see what is wrong or right way to address the needs. Also, Watson became a powerhouse in field of psychology. He had major influences in behaviorism. He provided stern guidelines for child rearing stating that parents should never “hug and kiss them, never let them sit on your lap” (Schultz & Schultz, 2012, p.

1734- Christian Wolff believed in the idea of “Faculty Psychology.” This idea was that the mind could be better developed through mental discipline. Being repetitive of basic skills helped to mold the mind. These beliefs had a lasting impact on American Education.

My Junior year AP Psychology course didn’t just teach me about the human brain, social patterns and mental disorders -- it taught me about myself. By the end of the first semester of that class, I knew that I had found my calling: to study the human mind and give professional aid to those who suffer from mental disorders. I am confident that the University of Wisconsin-Madison will help me fulfill this goal with its world-renowned Psychology program. UW-Madison is the home of numerous breakthroughs in Psychological science and students who have changed the course of the history of Psychology, such as Abraham Maslow (Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs) and Harry Harlow (Harlow’s Monkey Experiments). The idea of studying at such an esteemed university is thrilling to me and I’m eager to pursue my education there.

Spanning between the years of 1890 to 1920 school psychology was originated as a primary "child saving" service. Its practices follow the theories and research interests of the psychologist of the time, including Granville Stanley Hall and Lightner Witmer which are noted as particular influences to the school psychology practice.

Smyth caters FEW to the other intended audience of clinical psychologists to inform them about FEW to initiate interest in his research for others to expand upon. FEW informs them of his results, but with little research included in his article there is significant room for a colleague to gather more and continue his research. As a part of the scientific community, he must sell his idea to his colleagues for their support and further investment in

William James was a philosopher and psychologist but was most well known in the field of Psychology for developing the philosophy of pragmatism, or the Functionalist theory: "Theory of mental life and behavior that is concerned with how an organism uses its perceptual abilities to function in its environment." He was also the first Psychologist to be born in America.

Robert Ader was born in the Bronx on 20 February 1932, the elder of Nathan and Mae Ader’s two sons. He attended the Horace Mann School in the Bronx, and in 1949 entered Tulane University, from which he graduated in 1953 with a B.S. in psychology. Immediately entering the graduate program at Cornell University, Ader earned a Ph.D. in psychology in 1957. That same year he was hired as a part-time instructor in the Dept. of Psychology at the University of Rochester, and part-time instructor in the Dept. of Psychiatry at the University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry. Both John Romano, M.D., the chairman of Psychiatry, and George L. Engel, M.D., an internist focused on psychosomatic medicine, were interested in adding to the faculty an experimental psychologist who could conduct psychobiological

Pennington, D., McLoughlin, J. (2003) ' Debates in Psychology’ in (ed) Advanced Psychology. Child Development, Perspectives & Methods. United Kingdom: Hodder Education Group, pp.233.

Firstly, Wundt was the founder of psychology because he wanted to develop it as a new science, whereas Fechner had no intention of doing so. Wundt published articles, founded the first laboratory and began experimental psychology as a science. Secondly, He conducted experiments and produced 54,000 pages of output between the years of 1853 and 1920. Despite the fact that Fechner was the first to introduce the relationship between mind and body (which aided in the development of experimental psychology), he wanted to understand the concept for himself with no intention of making it public. Lastly, founding an entire science requires the integration of prior and current knowledge on the field. Wundt used Fechner’s findings and integrated newly developed material in psychology. Fechner came up with his concepts based on his personal findings.

Psychologists look inside the