Lipoprotein Essay

Liver is known as the metabolic port of entry for any endobiotic and xenobiotic substance. The anabolism and catabolism of most of the nutrients are in major performed by the liver. Carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism by the liver is of significance as the anomalies in metabolism of these nutrients may introduce several types of metabolic syndromes. The protective effects of aqueous green tea extract have been shown on hyperglycaemia, hyperlipidaemia and liver dysfunction in diabetic and obese rat models [74]. Different nutrients combinations were tested in a long-term feeding in experimental mouse model. Regional and continental food habit and practices are very much different. Effects of Western, vegetarian, and Japanese dietary fat

High cholesterol is one of the most common diseases that occur in today's society. According to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 71 million American adults have high LDL "bad" cholesterol. When cholesterol levels are normal, they normally do not harm the body since cholesterol can be beneficial to the body. However, if excess amounts of cholesterol are in the body, it can become a threat. "Cholesterol is a waxy substance that plays an important role in building cell membranes and sex hormones" (Overview). The certain types of food you consume on a daily basis may affect the cholesterol levels in your blood. There are two types of cholesterol, which is your HDL (high density lipoprotein), "good", cholesterol, and your LDL (low density lipoprotein), which are the "bad" cholesterol. It is critical that an individual maintains his or her cholesterol levels because he or she can increase their risk of cardiovascular disease. LDLs are known to carry cholesterol into your arteries and clog them, which can cause strokes and heart attacks. On the other hand, HDL, help eliminate cholesterol from the arterial vessels and transport it to the liver, which is then defecated with body waste. According to Sroda, an individual's total cholesterol should be less than 200, LDL levels should be less than 130,

High cholesterol is a dangerous disease that can lead to many life-threatening ailments, and can be lowered by eating healthy, while maintaining a balanced diet of leveled cholesterol. Cholesterol, the sleek-fat like substance that roams in the blood of a body. It is vital to life, but when there is too much intake of cholesterol, it can cause the body to malfunction and cause problems. There are two types of cholesterol HDL and LDL, which varies in the amount of protein and cholesterol it holds Too much cholesterol in a body is dangerous, and surprisingly, has no symptoms. The two main types of cholesterol are HDL and LDL, HDL helps reduce the chances of chronic heart disease, whereas LDL is the main reason for plaque build-up in artery

You ask... because they ran a toxicology on me and I had the antibodies!! And again in 2006...

In two separate presentations, Dr. Jonny Bowden and Dr. Stephen Sinatra discuss how and why they disagree with the concept that reducing cholesterol prevents heart disease. Their arguments boast that the true basis of heart disease consists of four key aspects, which include inflammation, oxidation, sugar, and stress. Both doctors assert that the actual disaster is the obsession with cholesterol which has shaped an industry that reaps over thirty billion dollars per year in statin pharmaceutical sales. Both Dr. Bowden and Dr. Sinatra claim that, cholesterol is not the source of heart disease.

The examples of drugs in this class are atorvastatin (Lipitor), rosuvastatin (Crestor), and simvastatin (Zocor). Statins is the first line to use for lowing blood cholesterol levels. Statins works by blocking the enzyme called HMG-CoA reductase in the liver which is necessary for making cholesterol. The statins blocks the active site of the HMG-CoA reductase enzyme so that it cannot converse to mevalonate. Therefore, there is more LDL receptor available in the liver. These receptors bind to passing LDL and VLDL (very low-density lipoprotein). The LDL and VLDL then enter the liver and are digested. So that there is less LDL level in blood stream. Even though, many drugs are in the same class, but the effectiveness of each drug is different. For example, 5-40 mg of Crestor seems to work best by lowering LDL by 47-65%; whereas 10-40 mg of pravachol can lower LDL by 22-34%. Most people who take statins do not experience serious side effects. The most common minor side effects include headache, pins and needle sensations, abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, feeling sick, and a rash. The provider normally starts statins in a low. The dosage may be increased if this target is not reached. Statins are contradicated in patient with active liver disease and consume a large amount of alcohol. The common side effects are GI upset and

This newsletter is designed to help practising pharmacists understand the application of the basis sciences to practice concerning adalimumab. Lots of practical advice is based on pharmaceutical sciences but once you enter practice it can be hard to remember or find out the basis of why we advise patients in specific ways or why you or other health professionals should handle medicines in certain ways.

Statins can reduce or remove low density lipoproteins from blood vessels in the human body, the compounds act through an enzyme in the liver which produces cholesterol, lovastatin inhibits HMG CoA reductase and squalestatin inhibits squalene synthase, it works by blocking the enzyme so the body removes cholesterol complexes from the inside of blood vessels, thereby reducing or removing blockages in the arteries, which in turn reduces the chance of a heart attack, strokes and diabetes. Statins can also attract stem cells towards damaged tissues, so the stem cells then appear to regenerate the tissue.

There was total of 76 patients with AF receiving Dabigatran during the study period. The mean age was 67.9 ±1.5 years (range 29 - 98 years), males (52.6%, 66.3 ±1.7 years), and females (47.4%, 69.6 ±1.1years). The age group stratifications revealed the highest age group was those between 61 to 80 years (60.5%). The majority (73.7%) was ≤75 years, [Table 1]. 76.3% used Dabigatran 150 mg. The mean CHA2DS2, CHA2DS2-VASc, HAS-BLED score were 2.38 ±1.46, 3.54 ±1.82, and 3.46 ±1.205, respectively, [Table 2].

Lipids and Carbohydrates Lipids are a group of substances, which include fats, oils and waxes. Carbohydrates include sugars, starches, glycogen and cellulose. They are stored in plants as starches and in animals as glycogen. There are many differences between carbohydrates and lipids.

The good form of this sterol in the body is your HDL, because it picks up all the bad form in your body and store it in the liver to be converted into the bile then exits out.

“Metabolism is the set of chemical reactions that happen in living organisms to maintain life. These processes allow organisms to grow and reproduce, maintain their structures, and respond to their environments” (Metabolism). Metabolism breaks down the food that we eat, transforming it into energy for our bodies. Metabolism is broken down into two categories Anabolism and Catabolism, which help aid in the chemical reaction process. Specific proteins in the body control the chemical reactions of metabolism, and each chemical reaction is coordinated with other body functions (Dowshen). Metabolism is a constant process that begins when we're born and ends when we die. It is a vital process for all life not just humans, and

Atherosclerosis is a disease in which fatty materials and plaque buildup on the inner lining of arteries. Arteries are blood vessels which carry rich blood to the heart and throughout the body. They’re lined by the endothelium, a thin layer of cells. The endothelium keeps blood flowing by keeping the inside of arteries smooth. However, when Atherosclerosis starts due to high blood pressure, smoking, or high cholesterol, it damages the endothelium. Atherosclerosis tends to happen throughout the body and arises when people grow older. This disease is mainly due to the deposition of fatty materials i.e., cholesterol, calcium and other substances found in the blood. The buildup of fat then hardens causing narrowing of the arteries. This

One source of great mortality and morbidity in Europe and North America is the cardiovascular disease, Atherosclerosis. It is recognized as a chronic inflammatory disease of the intermediate and large arteries characterized by the thickening of the arterial wall and is the primary cause of coronary and cerebrovascular heart disease (Wilson, 2005). It accounts for 4.35 million deaths in Europe and 35% death in the UK each year. Mortality rate are generally higher in men than pre-menopausal woman. Past the menopause, a woman’s risk is similar to a man’s (George and Johnston, 2010). Clinical trials have confirmed that lipid accumulation, endothelial dysfunction, cell proliferation, inflammation matrix alteration and foam cell formation are

Atherosclerosis is a type of arteriosclerosis. Arteriosclerosis is a general term for the thickening and hardening of arteries. Atherosclerosis, or hardening of the arteries, is a pathological situation in which plaque builds up inside the arteries. Plaque is usually made of cholesterol, fatty substances, cellular products, calcium and fibrin (a clotting material in the blood). Atherosclerosis is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity from cardiovascular disease (CVD) around the world. The magnitude of this problem is so high that atherosclerosis claims more lives than all types of cancer combined and the financial burden are considerable1. It a complex, chronic pathological