List The Five Subcortical Structures Of The Forebrain

3.The long tube-like structure that carries the neural message to other cells on the neuron is the axon.

The parietal lobes are located behind the frontal lobes and in front of theoccipital lobes. They process sensory information such as temperature, pain,taste, and touch. In addition, the processing includes information about numbers, attentiveness to the position of one 's body parts, the space around one 's body, and one 's relationship to this space.

The amygdalae (Latin, also corpus amygdaloideum, singular amygdala, from Greek αμυγδαλή, amygdalē, 'almond', 'tonsil', listed in the Gray's Anatomy as the nucleus amygdalæ)[1] are almond-shaped groups of nuclei located deep within the medial temporal lobes of the brain in complex vertebrates, including humans.[2] Shown in research to perform a primary role in the processing and memory of emotional reactions, the amygdalae are considered part of the limbic system.[3].

What is the brain’s role in the learning process? Does the learning process include the three major areas of the brain: hindbrain, midbrain, and forebrain? The brain is one of the most captivating organs in the body. It plays a huge role in how we learn and is made up of many components. Neurons are brain cells and people are born with over a billion of them. Neurons discharge signals to transmit information throughout the brain; these signals are called synapses. Neurons produce dendrites and they get larger as we learn. However, a dendrite gets bigger only if there is existing knowledge on something already learned. The brain consists of three areas and four lobes. The three parts are known as the hindbrain, midbrain, and forebrain. The four lobes of the brain are the frontal, parietal, occipital, and the temporal.

1b. List and describe briefly the major structures of the brain, as presented in your textbook, including the function of those elements that are most related to psychoactive drug reaction.

Please fill out this report and submit it to the dropbox. Do not hand in your own form. It will not be graded and you will receive a zero for the lab.

1. (6pts) Diagram a neuron and label its components. In what ways are neurons specialized for communication? How do these specializations distinguish neurons from other types of cells?

The nervous system is a chain of interconnected nerve fibers which is constructed by the central nervous system and Peripheral nervous system. The job of the nervous system is to send messages from the brain and spinal cord to different parts of the body.

The cerebral cortex is the largest outer most part of the brain. It consist of tissue known as gray matter which is made of neuronal bodies. The optimal function of the cerebral cortex is vitally important. All information necessary to sustain life is stored and processed in the cerebral cortex. The tissue are divided into the left and right sides which are joined together by the corpus callosum. The cerebral cortex is divided into four lobes, the frontal, parietal, occipital, and temporal lobe. Each area carrying its own set of functions and responsibilities. These four lobes together make up the primary somatosensory area of the brain which controls the five sensory systems in the brain taste, olfaction, touch, hearing and vision. These systems receive sensory information from the thalamic nerve projections. The primary motor area of the brain consist of a much smaller area located within

Within the subcortical structures, underneath the cortex, are the thalamus, amygdala, caudate, putamen, hippocampus, and cerebellum. These structures provide all sensory and motor responses, emotional and social responses, and support memory recognition.

The CNS contains the brain and spinal cord. Its main functions include: processing, integrating, and coordinating sensory information and motor instructions. The sensory data conducts information that is being processed from internal and external conditions the body is experiencing. Motor commands regulate and control peripheral organs (skeletal muscles). The brain functions under memory, emotions, learning, and intelligence. The PNS consist of the neural tissue found outside of the CNS. It functions in sending data to the CNS which motor commands are than carried out to the peripheral tissues/systems. Multiple nerve fibers send sensory data and motor commands in the PNS. The nerves that assist with transmitting data include the cranial nerves and spinal nerve. However, the PNS can be divided into afferent (to bring in) and efferent (to bring out) divisions of transferring data. The afferent division functions in bringing in sensory data to the CNS. Sensory structures are receptors that detect internal/external environmental change and adjusting accordingly. The efferent division functions in carrying out motor commands from the CNS to glands, muscles, and adipose tissue. The efferent division contains somatic

The nervous system helps maintain homeostasis by controlling and regulating the other parts of the body. A deviation from a normal set point act as a stimulus to a receptor, which sends nerve impulses to a regulating center in the brain. For example, “breathing is involuntary, the nervous system ensures that the body is getting much needed oxygen through breathing the appropriate amount of oxygen.” This shows that the nervous system plays a role in making sure that the breathing patterns of a human stays constant in order to maintain homeostasis. This system is the control center of the human body. The Control center sets the range of value to be maintained and is made up of the brain, spinal cord and nerves. The nervous system is important to the human body because its an organ system in charge of sending messages to and from the brain and spinal cord to and from all parts of the body. What helps send these messages are nerves, one or more bundles of fibers forming part of a system that conveys impulses of sensation, motion, etc, between the brain or spinal cord and other parts of the body. Nerves act as highways to carry signals between the brain and spinal cord and the rest of the body. The Central Nervous system is the complex of nerve tissues that controls the activities of the body, it consists of two parts: the brain and the spinal cord. The brain is arguably the most important organ in the human body. It controls and coordinates actions and reactions, allows us to think and feel enables us to have memories and feelings- all the things that makes us human. Three main parts of the brain is the forebrain, midbrain, hindbrain. The Forebrain consists of the cerebrum, thalamus, and hypothalamus, The Midbrain consists of the tectum and tegmentum, The Hindbrain is made of the cerebrum, pons and medulla, brainstem.

Whereas the spinal cord (often referred to as the brainstem) is the pathways that enables nerve impulses to reach their various destinations in the body. The central nervous system main function is to receive information from the different parts of the body, in which must be analysed and stored in order for it to send out instructions based on those pieces of information. The central nervous system’s main function is to coordinate the numerous organs and muscles required to perform the individual’s desired action(s) (Walker, 2005).

The central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system work together to collect information from within the body and from the environment outside it. The systems process all the collected information and send instructions to the body; to obtain an appropriate response. Once the data arrives, the brain will sort and file it before sending out any commands on what to do. The central system is the main command center of the body that contains the brain as well as the spinal cord. The peripheral nervous system contains a network of nerves that connect the rest of the body to the central nervous system.

     The brain is aware of its surroundings, via input from the spinal cord and cranial nerves. Cranial nerves with sensory functions allow us to smell and see. Nerves with both motor and sensory functions are responsible for everything from tasting and chewing, to breathing and the heating of your heart. Many of the little things we take for granted are also made possible by cranial nerves.