Literature Research and Essay: Sleep Deprivation and Cardiovascular Disease

sleep is essential for our health and wellbeing. It allows our body to rejuvenate and restore itself. It helps the body to create new cells. Sleep deprivation is one of the biggest causes of premature aging. Tiredness can significantly affect your mood and how you feel. Sleep can help lower blood pressure and elevated levels of stress hormones. Your cardiovascular system is constantly under pressure and sleep helps to reduce the levels of stress and inflammation in your body. High levels of "inflammatory markers" are linked to heart disease and strokes. Sleep can also help keep blood pressure and cholesterol levels (which

ii. On serendip.brynmawr.edu, they talk about how sleep deprivation weakens the immune system, preventing the body from being able to ward off infections and viruses.

Some genes, including damage-inducing ones involved in stress reactions, were amplified.” “ 30% of civilian adults in the U.S. say they get six or fewer hours of sleep. That suggests that millions of people might be sustaining damage to their bodies.” (16). In order to get enough sleep, Brown demonstrates in the article that we can not drink beverages with caffeine. “But caffeine “gums up the signal” that tells the brain when it need more sleep, fooling people into thinking that they’re getting plenty of rest, Czeisler said.”(19). Some researchers did some test. For example, “Further analysis revealed that genes involved in inflammation, immunity and protein damage were activated, suggested that tissue harm was occurring after sleep deprivation. Many of the down-regulated genes, in contrast, were involved in producing new protein, cells and tissues. The balanced process of tissue renewal seemed to be disrupted by insufficient

Morgan Manella in the article “Study: A Third of U.S. Adults Don’t Get Enough Sleep” argues that sleep deprivation can have a negative effect in someone’s health. Manella supports her argument by presenting statistics that shows how adults that don’t enough sleep have chronic conditions. The author’s purpose is to raise awareness so that people will sleep more often and have a better health condition.

In the article from the LA Times, “Sleep Deprivation Has Genetic Consequences, Study Finds,” Eryn Brown advocates that genetic and health problems can be caused by chronic sleep deprivation. Brown states that people who are deprived of sleep have a much higher chance of getting obese and having cardiovascular difficulties. She maintains her claim by addressing a multitude of researchers who proved her claim, then she presents an experiment conducted by two analysts that specialize in sleep, and finally Brown elaborates with scientific statistics. Brown writes it in a comprehensive tone for individuals. Her entire article gives clues such as “...analysis revealed that genes involved in inflammation, immunity and protein damage were activated…” and “... millions of people might be sustaining damage to their body. She is warning her readers that although they may think chronic sleep deprivation will just

FACT: Scientific research is showing a correlation between poor sleep and health. If you’re not getting enough sleep and/or are waking frequently during the night, you may experience an elevation in blood pressure, which normally decreases during sleep. This can cause cardiovascular problems. Studies also have shown that lack of sleep can have an impact on blood sugar levels, with the body’s reaction being similar to insulin resistance.

National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (2012) stated that the recommended amount of sleep for adults is 7-8 hours a day. However , personally my weekday’s sleeping hours is approximately 5.5 hours everyday. Sleep Deprivation may trigger mood disturbance like depression and anxiety , decrease in academic performance due to reducing memory and concentration and increase calorie consumption (Trockel, Barnes, & Egget, 2000).Moreover , the release of cortisol can depress the immune system which make oneself more vulnerable to illness like cold or fever and the increase of upper respiratory infections like headaches can also be seen in university student with sleep deprivation(Irwin, 2002). Importantly, more health consequences of sleep deprivation such as greater use of marijuana , smoking and alcohol abuse are germane to university students (Kloss et al., 2016).

Sleep deprivation has a lot of dangers associated with it. It can cause hypertension and, because of something commonly called Sleep Debt, it sometimes causes dangerous driving conditions. Sleep debt is the amount of sleep a person has lost over time, and it must be paid back just like a money loan would need to be (Dement & Vaughan, p. 501). Christopher Dement explains (1999), “Regardless of how rapidly it [sleep debt] can be paid back, the important thing is that the size of the sleep debt and its dengerous effects are definitely directly related to the amount of lost sleep” (p. 501). Risks for hypertension have also been linked to sleep deprivation because it can increase a person’s stress level. A study done by Dr. Susan Redline and published in the Science Journal Circulation on August 19, 2008 reports that:

The function of sleep is to promote restoration. The human body accumulates damages due to impact strain and from reactive oxygen species that damage cells and buildup during times of activity (Sleep-wake cycle, 2006). During sleep, most of the body's systems are in an anabolic state, helping to restore the immune, nervous, skeletal, and muscular systems (Sleep-wake cycle, 2006). Most of the body has restorative processes that can supplement the restorative processes that happen during sleep for long periods of time, but the brain is more reliant on regular intervals of sleep for restoration as quiescent restoration is insufficient (Sleep-wake cycle, 2006). When the body does not get enough sleep, most body functions work at diminished capacity. (Brain Basics, 2017). Sleep deprivation is defined as obtaining inadequate sleep to support adequate daytime alertness (Kryger, Roth, & Dement, 2005). The pathological effects of sleep deprivation can lead to undesirable physiologic

Since sleep has been demonstrated as so important in early recovery, it is important that it is addressed. What is even more important, are potential other

In this article from LA Times “Sleep Deprivation Has Genetic Consequences, Study Finds” Eryn Brown asserts that a lack of sleep affects the function of genes related to stress and cell renewal, possibly contributing to poor health. Brown states that the more people who suffer from less sleep have a greater chance of having their emotions and actions react to their lack of sleep. Brown supports his claim by saying “researchers detected changes in the way hundreds of genes were expressed in their bodies”, another one is “lack of sleep translates into disease”, the last claim is “suggesting that tissue harm was occurring after sleep deprivation”. Brown addresses it in a tone eligible for the people who are reading this (adults and teens). “Using blood to assess the molecular effects of sleep deprivation”. Supposing that sleep deprivation is bad for your health, Brown reveals how sleep deprivation affects your health. For instance, “ people who work early in the morning or late at night- or who lack sleep in general- have higher rates of diabetes, stroke and high blood pressure, among other

Sleep duration and quality participate in normal metabolism, function of immune system, mood, and cognitive functioning [1]. Short duration of sleep and circadian misalignment are hypothesized to contribute to many problems of health including over weight, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, cardiac disease, mood disorders, cognitive dysfunction, and

Many disorders and diseases can result from abnormal sleeping patterns that are triggered from sleep deprivation. The most common forms of sleep disorders include insomnia, sleep apnea, restless legs syndrome, and narcolepsy (NINDS 10). All of these sleep disorders begin from sleep deprivation and can be managed once they are diagnosed correctly. According to Urban, “Nervousness, dizziness, and sleeplessness may occur”, as a result of sleep deprivation (1). This proves that the slightest health changes can occur if sleep deprivation becomes a problem. According to NINDS, “The disorders and the resulting sleep deprivation interfere with work, driving, and social activities” (10). This shows that the effects of being sleep deprived can drastically change one’s everyday

What do the effects of sleep deprivation have on people? When a person does not get enough sleep, he or she is depriving his or her body of something that it needs. A delightful sleep is one of the most satisfying human experiences with a role to play in supporting a good mood and cognitive acuity as well as in promoting physiologic balance and resilience (Chittora, Jain and Suhalka). People think because they get an insufficient number of hours of sleep, they will not have an emotional impact by it. Sleep is a required need for peoples’ day to day life to be able to perform and stay healthy emotionally and physically. The effects of sleep deprivation are an issue because it affects mood, performance, and health.

Sleep is an essential part of any person’s health, however few people seem to realize that not receiving enough sleep can double the risk of becoming obese.“The ‘epidemic’ of obesity is paralleled by a ‘silent epidemic’ of reduced sleep duration with short sleep duration linked to the increased risk of obesity both in adults and in children”(Professor Cappuio). Someone who has developed a sleeping disorder such as, sleep apnea, may not have the motivation to diet or exercise, due to daytime sleepiness. Scientists at the University of Chicago conucted a study in 1999, which restricted eleven healthy young adults to four hours of sleep for six nights. The scientist discovered that restricting individuals to this amount of sleep impaired metabolism functions and disrupted hormone levels. It was also found that the subject’s abilities to process glucose in the blood had declined, in some cases to the level of diabities. ” Not only does obesity contribute to sleep problems such as sleep apnea, but sleep problems can also contribute to obesity.”(National Sleep Foundation)