Literature Review Of Literature On Shark Utilization, Marketing And Trade

Sharks have been in our oceans for almost 450 million years. Those millions of years of evolution have allowed many different shark species to develop abilities, and to become perfect predators.

Every Jaws fan knows the shark gets it in the end. What they do not know is that too many sharks have gotten it; and that has caused a rapid decline in the shark population over the past thirty years. Since the 1970's, sharks of the Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico shores have declined eighty-five percent. Sharks are vital animal to our world's ecosystem, and if the decline is not controlled; we could be facing devastating problems in years to come. Information has been obtained from two books: The Shark Almanac by Thomas B. Allen and Sharks, An Introduction for the Amateur Naturalist by Sanford A. Moss. Sources also include a number of online references, among them BBC News, ENS News, The New York Times, and two online scientific

Arising over 350 million years ago, the shark species has been labeled as a human devourer. Now, with the increase in human population, the demand for shark meat, fins, and cartilage are at an all time high; therefore, the existence of the shark is becoming a concern (Budker 1971). Individuals are conditioned to think of sharks as a negative aspect to the environment, which is prolonging the effort to save shark species from becoming extinct. With that in mind, some private as well as national organizations have accepted the challenge of educating and informing people about the existence of the shark specie and its importance to the sea.

Conservation of our biodiversity not only demonstrates foresight, it protects the natural resources so vital to our own continued existence. The value of any single species to an ecosystem is immeasurable; the environment will not endure without its species, despite size or niche. These animals are not dispensable. And, they are apt to face extinction in the not too distant future, unless a resolve for their preservation is insisted by the public and enforced by governments internationally.

The cause of this debate comes with the return of White Sharks to the area. Over the past few years, there has been an increase of this apex predator to our coasts like never before seen, most notably since Labor Day weekend in 2009. Five sharks had been tagged by a marine biologist, Greg Skomal, and have been closely tracked and documented since. Skomal is a key player in this research as project leader

Sea Shepherd Conservation Society’s article “The Brutal Business of Shark Finning” reminds us that sharks play a key role in the ocean as both predators and scavengers.

Donohue, Patrick and Log, Destin. “Sharks 101.” State and Regional Newspaper, 7 September. 2006. LexisNexis Academic. Web. 28 May. 2016.

The scientific community views sharks as important top predators in the oceanic food chain and as misunderstood creatures of the

Thanks to the movie Jaws, many people are scared of sharks. Seeing a fin in the water terrifies all but the most experienced of beach goers. Sadly, this perception means that most do not really care if the sharks are hunted to extinction or not. However, society’s opinion on sharks needs to change if we want any hope of saving the world’s oceans. Sharks, as an apex predator, are an important part of the ocean’s food chain.

In “What do you know about sharks?” by Sharon Guynup and “Great White Sharks” by Peter Benchley the clique thought of the “anthropophagous”, savage, and villainous shark is turned on its head. The two articles take widely accepted myths and debunk them with facts. Evidence that supports that the fish aren’t the vicious marine people-eaters that the media has depicted them as has been found. In this text the findings on the animal will be explored. This is the shark’s Real Bite.

The water Ciona is swimming in is 32 degrees fahrenheit at the Atlantic Ocean. Blue sharks migrate east across the Atlantic Ocean each year. In conclusion Ocearch has given important knowledge and facts of many tagged

If a shark sees a human splashing in the water, it may try to investigate, leading to an accidental attack. Still, sharks have more to fear from humans than we do of them. Sharks are a hot commodity throughout the world and their population is steadily declining due to long gestation periods and overharvesting of the animals by fishermen. “Humans hunt sharks for their meat, internal organs, and skin in order to make products such as shark fin soup, lubricants, and leather.” Rates of reproduction are low among

Living in the wild is no easy task, and that is why Great White Sharks have many special ‘‘features’’ to help them survive and hunt, those functions have been developed over million years. Although they haven’t been perfected they still help the shark. One of those ‘‘features’’ is the shark's dorsal fin. The dorsal fin is a dynamic stabilizer when the shark is swimming fast after it’s prey. The next ‘‘feature’’ is the tail. The tail is used to propel the shark forward and assist in turning while swimming at high speeds. The final ‘‘feature’’ are the jaws. The can exert about 1.8 tons of force on their

Due to the biological and ecological characteristics of sharks, they present an array of issues and challenges for fishery management and conservation. Many shark species are characterized by relatively late maturity, have slow growth and low reproductive rates (as they are Apex Predators), which can make them extremely vulnerable to overexploitation. Concern has grown over the past few years regarding the status of shark stocks and the sustainability of their numbers in the world of fisheries. As the demand for shark products such as shark fin soup increases, the number of shark’s species begin to decline as a result of the current trend.

This highly migratory species is circumglobal in all temperate and tropical seas, with an Atlantic distribution from Newfoundland (Canada) to Norway in northern latitudes down to South Africa and Northern Argentina in the south hemisphere. Known to be the fastest shark in the world and probably one of the most active, this endothermic shark is common in the epipelagic realm (up to 600 m depth) in waters of 17 to 22°C temperature (Compagno 1984, 2001). The mako shark is one of the most important captured shark species for open ocean pelagic fisheries, targeted in commercial tuna and billfish longliners or non-targeted as a bycatch (Ebert and Stehmann 2013). For that reason currently is considered as “Vulnerable” by the IUCN Red List (Cailliet et al. 2009) and is listed on Appendix II of the Convention on the conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (CMS) in 2008 (CMS 2008), a list for Migratory species that would significantly benefit from international