Literature Review On Carbohydrates

An examination of the structures of the four alcohols revealed weakening IMF moving from 1-Butanol, to 1-Propanol, then Ethanol, and finally Methanol and experimentally the ?T increased in exactly that same order among those four alcohol samples (see Figure 1), providing evidence that since 1-Butanol had the lowest ?T, it therefore has the highest level of IMF (among the sampled alcohols), and conversely Methanol with it’s very large ?T (among the four) has the weakest IMF.

Carbohydrates have two functions which is, provides short term energy and structure in some organisms. They have an atomic makeup of Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen, with a 2:1 ratio of Hydrogen to Oxygen. The monomer is a monosaccharide which contains a single sugar. A couple examples of this would be glucose, fructose, and deoxyribose which is found in DNA. Yet, foods with this monomer in it would be mostly fruits, candy, and soda. Carbohydrates also have a polysaccharide which is a polymer made of many monosaccharides strung together. Some examples of these are starch, glycogen, cellulose, and chitin. A starch is storage from glucose in plants(potatoes, pasta, waffles, and toast). Glycogen is storage from glucose in animals. Cellous is structure in plants (cell wall). Chitin is structure in animals (exoskeleton).

There are many types of foods, nutrients, and minerals that are important to the body, and the ones that will be covered in this paper are electrolytes, carbohydrates, and proteins. The items listed above are vital to body functions in many ways; for example, electrolytes necessary for proper muscle contraction (Nordqvist 2013). Proteins are essentially what allow our bodies to function as they do, and carbohydrates provide us with the energy that allows it to function. Our body is an amazing and intricate machine, and that’s basically what it is -- a well-oiled machine. In this adventure we will discover what makes our bodies work the way they do, what moves the figurative cogs of our body, and what makes us tick inside.

Purpose: The purpose of this laboratory was to gain an understanding of the differences between the freezing points of pure solvent to that of a solvent in a solution with a nonvolatile solute, and to compare the two.

The dehydration of 2-methyl-2-butanol was performed using sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid in order to synthesize alkene products 2-methyl-1-butene and 2-methyl-2-butene. After carrying out steam distillation to isolate the organic alkenes from aqueous components within the reaction mixture, the purity and characterization of the products were then assessed through various analytical methods including Gas Chromatography (GC), Infrared Radiation (IR) Spectroscopy, and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Imaging. Through the characterization of the final products, it was found that little impurities remained in the final reaction solution and according to the GC, no alcohol remained in the vial after the reaction was complete. The actual yield

Did you know that diet plays a major role in baby's growth and development? The principles of healthy eating are the same during preconception period as well as pregnancy; the amount depends on your height, weight, physical activity and due date. The focus should be plenty of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean protein and healthy fats. The important nutrients needed for a healthy maternal and fetal outcome are folic acid, iron, calcium, Vitamin D and protein.

The diet you've been doing is a popular low carb diet. Most of the food you have been intaking while on the Atkins diet has a high level of protein. As you know, protein is good to build up muscles, but you need other types of nutrients, too. Janine tried to tell you that the high amount of nitrogen from protein can wreck your kidneys, but that isn't really true. You really should be considering a more balanced diet, though. You see, if you don't consume enough carbs then you won't have a supply of energy that your body regularly relies on. When you're out of carbs, your body burns fats. You're skinny, so you won't have much of that to burn. Then you'll start to burn protein as energy, which isn't good for you. It's like your body eating away its own

As the number of carbon atoms is increased the boiling point of the alkane is also increased. Beginning at 1 carbon atom, the boiling point was -164 degrees. As another carbon atom was added, this boiling point increased. This continued through to 10 carbon atoms which had a boiling point of 174 degrees. In the second graph, it was found that the trend is decreasing. As the number of carbon atoms is increased the melting point of the alkane decreased. Beginning at 1 carbon atom, the melting point was -182 degrees. As another carbon atom was added, this melting point decreased. This continued through to 10 carbon atoms which had a melting point of -30 degrees. Since the two alcohols used in this practical were Methanol and Propanol, the boiling point of those two alkanes were focussed on. According to the graph and table, methane had 1 carbon atom and a boiling point of -164 degrees, while propane had 3 carbon atoms and a boiling point of -42 degrees. When testing the boiling points of these alcohols in the practical experiment, it was found that alcohol A had a boiling point of 68 degrees and alcohol B had a boiling point of 99 degrees.

This piece of article is written by Catherine Saxelby who is an accredited nutritionist. It was written in 11th of December 2013. She likes writing articles on her blog about health related topics. She writes it for people out there who are too busy to maintain a healthy diet. Catherine is biased; she wants people to be healthy and be careful of what kind and how much sugar they’re eating. The purpose of this article is to compare the different types of sugar and see the difference. She is really passionate about health and nutrition and likes sharing more helpful information about it to others. This looks like a popular health and nutrition blog and people actually do turn up for advice.

The primary goals of this experiment concern expanding upon the concept of molar mass and its applications to the study of chemistry (Beran, 2014). To this end, the effect of an unknown solute on the freezing point of a solvent, cyclohexane, was measured and noted in order to determine a positive or negative relationship between the two variables (Beran, 2014). Additionally, the molar mass of the nonvolatile and nonelectrolyte solid solute was ascertained (Beran, 2014).

I believe if you eat carbs in moderation they will not affect you in a bad way. However, most people overeat and do not pay attention to what they eat. The only way carbs will affect someone in a negative way is by overeating, eating the wrong carbs or if you have a certain body type and your body just does not use them the right way. Some people just never know when to stop eating. They have 3 or more plates of food full of starches and sugar. In this day and age, children, teenagers, and adults are becoming obese from eating very wrongly. I have never seen someone’s refrigerator with just pizza and frozen meals, but that is what this generation has grown accustomed to. There are 3 body types, Mesomorph, Ectomorph, and Endomorph. When endomorphs

Carbohydrate loading is a strategy used by some of the athletes. This strategy is aimed at increasing the amount of fuel that is kept at their muscles to enable them to improve their performance by enduring events. Carbohydrate loading is achieved through the continuous eating of high-carbohydrates meals while reducing the level of activities. Carbohydrate loading is mostly beneficial for enduring athletes such as swimmers, cyclists, and marathon runners. Other athletes do not require carbohydrate loading since it is possible for them to get their calories from carbohydrates (Mayo Clinic Staff, 2015). To understand more about carbohydrates loading, this excerpt will examine how it works.

The results from my experiment were mostly accurate and proved my hypothesis, except for the isopropyl alcohol. The expected ranking of the isopropyl alcohol was the fourth one from most polar to least polar, however the results from my experiment revealed that the isopropyl alcohol was more polar than all solvents other than water. There were many factors that could’ve affected my experiment, such as the temperature of the solvents. In my initial procedure, I did not include the use of weighing boats in my experiment.

Introduction: What influence does Glucose have within food and chemistry itself? We all know that Glucose itself is a simple monosaccharide that we normally call Sugar, however what does it all really cover within the basis of food? So let’s get down to the bottom of this and discover what role Glucose plays within the chemistry of food.

The term ‘’Carbohydrates’’ is defined as the carbon compounds which contains hydroxyl groups in large quantities (King, 2013). Carbohydrates are those organic compounds which have the empirical formula CnH2nOn, or (CH2O)n (Fromm 1997). Carbohydrates are one of the four types of organic compounds in living cells that are produces during photosynthesis and are the important source of energy in both plants and animals (Ahmed 2014). They are built from monosaccharides. These monosacchradies are the small molecules that consists of three to nine carbon atoms and differ in size and in the stereochemical configuration at one or more carbon centers. The simplest carbohydrates also contain either an aldehyde or ketone compounds (freeman 2002). Carbohydrates are classified as simple and complex carbohydrates. The classification of carbohtdydrates is based on the chemical structure of the food and how fast it absorbs. Simple carbohydrates contains single or double sugars in their chemical structure whereas complex carbohydrates consists of three or more sugars (ahmed 2014). There are four major types of carbohydrates depending on their chemical composition.