Literature Review On Stress Inventory

There are many different broad definitions of stress and how to cope with it, known as stress management.

Knowledge about Hispanic youth and anxiety disorders is disturbingly limited (Ginsburg & Silverman, 1996). Most recently, there is an increasing trend in the prevalence of anxiety disorders and Hispanic youth (McLaughlin, Hilt, & Nolen-Hoeksema, 2007). The top four diagnoses

The Southwest United States is an area of great diversity. It is located on the border between the US and Mexico. In this region there are four main ethnicities represented: Hispanics, African Americans, Anglo Americans, and Native Americans. These groups interact daily working in the same offices and going to school together. Youth of each ethnicity face risks as they grow up. By focusing on the Hispanic adolescent girl the extent of the possible risks to one ethnicity can be explored. These risks will include motivation at school, the risk of dropping out of school, the at-risk classification, which includes gang involvement, and teen pregnancy. The results of studies focused

uri, and King-Kallimanis, 2010). Many Latinos enter the United states as immigrants and then bring their families. They then encounter many stressors with the transition of settling into a new country and having to assimilate into a new culture. This makes them vulnerable to many hardships, ranging from poverty, abuse, trauma, discrimination and more, that then turn into life stressors that when left unresolved can lead to mental health problems (Kanel, 2002). Latino adolescents also deal with the stressors and can come to manifest themselves through mental health problems ranging from anxiety to depression that left alone can lead to substance abuse and suicide. (Cervantes, Zarza, and Salinas, 2007). One landmark study found that Latino

The mental health disparities for Latino families who are among the largest and fastest growing ethnic minority group in the United States ( Ennis, Rios-Vargas, & Albert, 2011), reinforces the importance in understanding risk factors that contribute to the high risk of mental health issues for this population (Lawton, Gerdes, 2014). Most research has focused on the relationship between acculturation and its impact on mental health status for Latinos’ living in the U.S, but findings continue to be controversial. A synthesis of current research demonstrates that limitations in attempting to explain vulnerability issues for Latinos’ incudes lack of consistency with measurement of acculturation, limited use

The “Undocumented Students” are youth who arrived to the United States as young children. These are young adults fighting hard to achieve their piece of the American Dream. Their experiences are emblematic of the struggles of millions of undocumented children and youth in America who deal daily with isolation from peers, the struggle to pursue an education, fears of detention and deportation and the trauma of separation from family and loved ones. Today there are one million children under 18 and 4.4 million under 30 undocumented young adults living in America and 11. Undocumented immigrants. Being undocumented negatively affects the well being of these young

Latino’s are one of the largest ethnic minority groups in the United States, in which one-third of the Latino population is under the age of 18 ( PEW Research Center, 2017). As research studies have determined, the prevalence of mental illness tends to increase during the adolescent years affecting one in four adolescents (Lawton & Gerdes, 2014). It is reported that 30% of youth in the United States experiences an episode of sadness once a month (Lorenzo et. al, 2016). The prevalence of mental illness among Latino youth is strongly associated with the exposure of high rates of culturally relevant stressors, such as discrimination, in which can increase the risk of a mental illness (e.g., depression, and anxiety).

Latinos represent the largest and fastest growing minority group in the United States (Ceballos & Bratton, 2010). According to the U.S. Census (2000) immigrant children under the age of 18 years old make up about 23% of the U.S. population of children. The U.S Census (2000) also reports that immigrant families typically settle in urban areas like New York, New Jersey, Florida, Texas, California and Illinois. One national survey found that Latino youth were more likely to report feeling sad or hopeless, to consider suicide, and/or to attempt suicide than white and African American youth (Potochnick & Perreira, 2011). Hovey and King (1996) examined rates of acculturative stress,

Factors such as social support, fluency in English, and no health insurance, and no translators can impact the acculturation process in Mexican Americans (Johnson, Carrol, Fulda, Cardarelli, & Cardarelli, 2010). When individuals migrate from one culture to another, there is every likely the individual’s cultural and ethnic identity will change. The degree of acculturation will be determined by individual, kinship, and societal factors (Bhugra, 2004). “Individuals who have family and peer social supports tend to experience less acculturation stress and those who are experiencing high stress tend to experience fewer symptoms of mental distress” (Crockett, Iturbide, Torres Stone, 2007; McGinley, Raffaelli, & Carlo, 2007; Hovey,

Among the Latino culture there has been reports of high levels of depression compared to youths from other ethnic backgrounds. However, little is known about why Latino youths are particularly susceptible to depression. Researchers Yolanda Cespedes and Stanley Huey created a study on where they argued that cultural discrepancy may indirectly contribute to depressive symptoms among children of Latino immigrants. Researchers of this study recruited one hundred and thirty Latino students from a high school in Los Angeles. To evaluate their argument researchers used measures such as the Acculturation Rating Scale for Mexican Americans, the Attitudes Toward Women Scale, a standardized difference approach, the Conflict subscale of the Family Environment

This limits the data that are collected at the end because Latino adolescents are not included. To obtain an understanding of mental health problems in Latinos, there needs to be a more culturally-sensitive research. The authors article is affective and comprehensible; however, if they were to make their research a multicultural research, it would allow for the audience to see the research as a whole, instead of it being specifically of just one growing minority group. By obtaining this knowledge, it would help health care providers, researchers, and policymakers in trying to treat and stop mental issues (Kapke). Research also shows that it is important to acknowledge the conceptual idea of Latino youth because they could have a lower self-esteem, increased chances of abuse, and internal problems. Therefore, if the child has affectionate parents and a desirable relationship with them, this can help boost their self-esteem. Conceptual ideas correlate with cultural adaptation since the effects are about the same and could change the person’s beliefs, values, and behaviors. These changes are significant to the person in the early stages, and once these fundamental ideas are changed, it could change the way a person visualizes life. Self-esteem has shown to relate to cultural adaptation and mental health because the increased levels of self-esteem help cease the formation of internal conflicts. The evidence provide by the authors allows the audience to obtain appropriate citations and with relative and up-to-date articles. The way that the authors structured and organized the article allowed for the audience to follow and easily understand what the authors are trying to portray. This article is geared to a general audience with moderately comprehendible language. In general, this article uses well developed ideas that are portrayed in an understandable

After marking the points for the Holmes-Rahe life stress inventory and reading what the point value means, I definitely disagree with the assessment. There are two reasons I disagree with the inventory; the first being, this inventory takes a snapshot of past events and does not reference future factors that may or may not affect the events you had selected. The second reason is, I do not understand how some of the events one the inventory would add a higher chance of having a stress related health breakdown. For example, a promotion, vacation, or holidays should be life events which lowers stress for an individual. I agree that individuals deal with life events and stress in different ways, which is why I believe inventories, health quizzes, and health questions should be tailored to the individual taking them. Perhaps then people will have a more accurate picture in order to properly plan, organize, and prioritize their life events thereby limiting stress and allowing more control over stress related health.

There have been many studies which concluded Hispanics are at a greater risk of PTSD and experiencing traumatic events compared to non-Hispanics such as Pole, 2005 and Perilla et al., 2002. However, this did not remain true in the psychological study on Latin American immigrants, Perreira et al., 2013, where 34% of Latinx immigrant adults and 29% of Latinx immigrant adolescents experienced a traumatic event. On the other hand, Kessler et al., 1995 and Copeland et al., 2007, studies done primarily on non-Hispanic whites in the United States, report 51% of women, 61 % of men, and 68% of adolescents in the U.S. have experienced a potentially traumatic event during their lifetimes. Yet, Latinx immigrants who face traumatic events are

Identify four major ongoing stressors in your life. For each stressor, describe why it is a stressor for you. You need to discuss a variety of areas such as personality, lifestyle, self-talk, and/or beliefs.

Throughout life stress is a common problem whether it’s at work, school or home. The many negative effects of stress in fact affect individuals differently varying from health issues to work performance. Therefore, all individuals have different views of stress and various ways of handling it or otherwise managing their stress. Stress is when any living thing feels endangered and its homeostasis is at risk (Varvogli & Darviri, 2011, p. 74). Ways of dealing with stress are efforts of cognitive, behavioral, and psychological nature that allows a person to manage stress. Although there are different causes of stress, there are also many techniques for relieving it. The following articles are intended for the reader to