Literature Review Sample

Discoveries in DNA, cell biology, evolution, biotechnology have been among the major achievements in biology over the past 200 years with accelerated discoveries and insights over the last 50 years. Consider the progress we have made in these areas of human knowledge. Present at least three of the discoveries you find to be most important and describe their significance to society, health, and the culture of modern life.

This paper explores the history and some interesting facts about DNA. The last couple centuries have seen an exponential growth in our knowledge of DNA. The history of the DNA can be traced back to multiple devoted scientist. This article attempts to summarize, and review the basic history of DNA while providing some fascinating information about it.

The Human Genome Project is a worldwide research effort with the goal of analyzing the structure of human DNA and determining the location of the estimated 100,000 human genes. In parallel with this effort, the DNA of a set of model organisms will be studied to provide the comparative information necessary for understanding the

The author explains the basics of DNA by describing the simple part of it, “proteins are the molecules that do all of the work in every organism, from carrying oxygen, to building tissue, to copying DNA for the next generation” (Carroll 73). He also explained the four bases that are building blocks that are held together by strong bonds and are represented by the letters A, C, G and T. Scientist also learned that A and T always pair with each other as well as G and C, this helps them because if they know one strand of DNA they already know the second because of how the bases match up. The author states that scientists have found about 500 genes that exist in all forms of life, the author explains that these genes are “immortal”. These genes have endured millions of years of evolution and have not been mutated because they are essential for every organism to have; these genes can have important jobs such as decoding of the DNA and RNA and making

In the early 1950s, the race to find the structure of DNA was in full swing. The search was being conducted at three different colleges. At the California Institute of Technology, Linus Pauling,

1. (2 marks) In this experiment, you have amplified the D1S80 locus by PCR. Explain the advantages of using this locus to distinguish one person from another. Do you think you could use a coding gene for the same purpose? Clearly explain your answers.

Furthermore, DNA is found in large quantities within the eukaryotic cell. Human cells alone have around 1000 times more DNA than typical bacteria [Alberts, c1989, p.23]. DNA, both on its own and with other molecules, plays a huge role in the making of an organism, from the importance of its chiral helical structure and its main functions, to the vast vicinity of error and inaccuracy that a small change to the genomic sequence can cause. It is the foundation upon which an organism is built and the main contributor to an organisms genotype and phenotype. But what are the constituents of DNA and can it

Over the last 10 years scientists have been involved in the progression and completion of the Human Genome Project. "Scientists working on this project have developed detailed maps that identify the

Boundless. “Noncoding DNA.” Boundless Biology. Boundless, 21 Jul. 2015. Retrieved 22 Oct. 2015 from https://www.boundless.com/biology/textbooks/boundless-biology-textbook/evolution-and-the-origin-of-species-18/evolution-of-genomes-127/noncoding-dna-512-13092/

wonder what exactly is DNA? DNA is a term used for deoxyribonucleic acid and it

The topic of valuation of early-stage companies, patents, and technologies have been a topic of study since the late 1980’s. Since the work published by Amit et al (1990) a body of management science literature was published around the value relevance of non-financial information that quantifies the human capital of the founding team. Amit et al posit that

Experiment 1 & 2: The DNA concentration was 60 ng/µL (6.00*10^4 ng/mL). The total yield was 0.6 ng (60 ng/µL DNA /100 µL H2O). The DNA sample was divided by 100 µL instead of 25 µL of H2O because the sample was diluted 4 times.

One of the fundamental discoveries of the 20th century was that DNA was the genetic code’s physical structure (Watson & Crick, 1953) and, since then, many studies have disclosed the complicated pattern of regulation and expression of genes, which involve RNA synthesis and its subsequent translation into proteins.

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