Lithium: A Short Story

As a counselor works with clients, one may have to work with a client that are taking psychotropic medication. A client named Kimberly disclosed in a session that she has Bipolar Disorder. She is a 19 year old African American woman. Kimberly has been experiencing symptoms of Bipolar Disorder for three years. Before beginning to take lithium, Kimberly has run away from home, displays erratic behaviors, has using marijuana to relieve symptoms, and attempting suicide when experiencing severe depression. Kimberly has also attempted suicide. Kimberly’s mental illness has affected her relationship with her mother and put a financial strain on the household. Kimberly was arrested and charged with the possession of marijuana.

The Efficacy of Lithium in Treating Bipolar Disorder Lithium is a psychotropic drug that became available in 1970 as a mood stabilizing medication for the long-term treatment of bipolar disorder. It has been shown to reduce the frequency and severity of manic states, as well as the depression that is concomitant with bipolar disorder. Much research has been done in the short duration of lithium's employment to evaluate its efficacy and side effects. As stated above, "Lithium stabilizes the mood of a bipolar patient, preventing a relapse into either mania or depression" (Kalat, 2004, p.472). Bipolar disorder (also known as manic- depressive illness), is characterized by the presence of the following symptoms: motor

Lithium Carbonate is the most commonly drug that is prescribed for treating bipolar disorder (May, Hickey, Triantis, Palazidou, & Kyriacou, 2015). It works as a mood stabilizer that significantly reduces excessive behaviors and suicidal tendencies. However, the way that lithium exerts its impact on mood is still unknown. One study suggests that key of lithium therapeutic actions are the neuroprotective effects (Malhi, Tanious, Das, Coulston, & Berk 2013). For instance, lithium has been demonstrated to decrease the oxidative stress that involves in multiple episodes of mania and depression. Other study recommends that lithium stabilize electrical

Bipolar disorder is a serious illness that can upset a person’s entire life if they do not receive proper medical or therapeutic treatment to manage the presenting symptoms. Bipolar disorder includes an array of moods that can range from extreme highs (mania, hypomania) and extreme lows (bipolar depression) that can be treated by medication. One medication that works well in treating the highs and lows, while preventing further mood upsets is lithium. Lithium has effectively treated mood instability associated with bipolar disorder for decades and, while being such a widely used drug, the positive and negative side effects have to be examined, along with other medication options in the

The science test you’ve been dreading has finally come to haunt you. You walk in, and the teacher routinely reminds you of the weight of the test on your grade, 80%. The teacher hands out the test and you blankly stare at the questions that can either build up, or destroy your grade. Unconformities?! What are they? Scrolling through the pages, you finally find some questions you know. The teacher announces that there are only 5 minutes left before you must turn your answers in. In a hurry, you halfheartedly guess most of the test, hoping that you get lucky. Days pass, and you receive your final grade for the test. Next to your score you see an F in bright red. Frantically, you race to the computers to check your overall grade. You log on only to see a perfectly stable B+ plummet down to a D. On the bus home, you are tense, assured that your parents have seen the obvious drop. Walking through the door, your mom asks “How’d the test go?” Stammering, you reply with “Er--well that's a long story”. Confused she asks for the test, and you wearily hand it over. You immediately see the disappointment in your mom’s face as she flips throughout the pages. Your punishment was groundation, and after your mom lectures you, she walks out. You think for a while, and realize that you could’ve prevented all of this if you simply studied instead of playing that game for longer.

“What do you mean you’re not going to take science next year,” Mr.Turek sounded stunned. “You have to take a science next year.” “Physics isn’t my thing.” I confessed, “and I’ve taken all the others.” “Well,” He spoke obviously, “You could take AP Chemistry.” He read the indecision on my face. AP Chemistry was rumored to be intolerable, only the best of the best could tread in that class. “You can do it” he added

Bipolar disorder (BD) or manic depression is a mental disorder that affects roughly 1-2% of the population. It is marked by severe mood swings between depression and mania, periods of great delusions and overactivity. It is often treated with mood stabilizers, antipsychotics and antidepressants, and sometimes benzodiazepines. Of the medications, lithium and lamotrigine are two medications of interest due to their long history of treatment. In the following, we will explore the effects of lithium and lamotrigine (LTG) on pregnant bipolar women.

Lithium is a mood-stabilizing drug that has been used effectively in the treatment of bipolar affective disorder for many years, and increasing evidence suggests its effectiveness in reducing the risk of suicide ( Sugawara, N.,Yasul-Furukori, N., Ishil, N., Iwata, N.,& Terao, T.2013). There are different ways lithium can be useful to everybody in a different ways. Lithium carbonate is a type of medication used to treat manic depression and bipolar. Another uses of lithium that is very important is in batteries for clinical equipment such as heart pacemaker, blood pressure machines, and respiratory BPAP machine. Rechargeable batteries for electric vehicles, digital cameras, mobile

I walked into my class and sat down. Mr. Baroody announced that we were going to get our tests back, but I wasn’t worried. I knew that I did not get a 100% on the quiz, but nothing could prepare me for what was to come.

I opened the door to the library and the smell of old books filled my nostrils. As soon as I walked in, I turned to the right, toward all the computers. There were 5 rows with 4 computers in each row. The lab was almost empty, except there was a third grader sitting in the back row. He jumped up when he saw us and bolted out of the library. R.J. and I looked at each other and shrugged. I raced to the fifth row and sat at the computer by the wall, my all time favorite. It seemed to be just a little faster than the others, or that’s what I have thought anyways. R.J. sat in the second row at the end.

“Remind me why I’m doing this again?” “Your doing this because I told you to” Charlotte screams through the phone. “Charlotte please calm down. I’m the one doing this job not you” I say. “Don’t tell me to calm down Alyssa. I always knew Alex was trouble. He loved science all through middle and high school. We need to know what he does all day in the secret lab of his” Charolette states. I sig and hang up. I look up and see Alex walk out of his lab. I slowly walk towards the door and pick the lock. I walk in and see a machine. I walk in and see five buttons that have stuff written on them. “What are these?” I asked myself. “They’re the five states of matter” a voice exclaimed. I jump up and accidently press the button that says Bose-Einstein

It is a warm fall day and I’m getting ready to take the ACT’s. The time is six forty-five am and I am just waking up to get ready for the test. The very first thing I do to get ready is shower, and once I’m done I put on sweatpants and a t-shirts so that way I’m relaxed. I eat a big breakfast so that way I don’t get as hungry throughout the day. I then continue by getting in my car and drive to the school to take the test. I then proceed to check in, and they check me in a then direct me to the classroom in which I will be taking my test. I’m now in my seat waiting to be given the test and I know that I am ready for the test because I have prepared. There are many steps a person can take to successfully prepare him or herself for standardized

A few days later, I am handed back the test. Per Ms. Evans’ usual policy, there is no grade, just an assortment of checks and X’s. My eyes zoom in to find my mistakes, sure that I had approached every question from the entirely wrong angle. The more I examine it, however, the more I can tell that I actually only made a few small mistakes. Nicholas Chan, next to me, remarks “Wow, you actually did pretty well!”, the surprise in his voice unmistakable. For some reason though, the trepidation and dread do not leave my stomach. I ask myself,

Lithium is an antimanic agent labeled for acute treatment and maintenance therapy of bipolar disorder. Off-label it is also used for bipolar depression as well as non-bipolar depression as an addition to standard antidepressant therapy. Although the exact mechanism of action is still unknown, it is thought to influence reuptake of serotonin and/or norepinephrine. Lithium, however, has many potentially severe adverse reactions and warnings including: heart failure, impaired renal function, nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, thyroid disease, and since lithium has a narrow therapeutic index, lithium toxicity is also common. Despite the risks associated with the use of this medication, it continues to be the mainstay for maintenance

A psychoactive drug is a chemical compound that can change out brain function and results in the changing of one’s perception, mood, or consciousness. These substances can be used for the recreation purpose or therapeutic and can alter one's consciousness. Lithium is one of these psychoactive drugs. The different form of salt lithium is used as mood-stabilizing drugs, primarily in the treatment of bipolar disorder, where they have a role in treating depression and, particularly, of mania, both acutely and in the long-term. As a mood stabilizer, lithium is probably more effective in preventing mania than in preventing depression, but it does reduce the risk of suicide in people with bipolar disorder. In depression alone, lithium can be used