Load Balancing

The telecommunication industry that AT&T essentially created has undergone radical advancements, particularly within the last decade. According to the IBM Institute for Business Value, approximately 15% of the world’s population had access to a telephone in 1999 but by 2009, 70% of the world’s population had mobile phone subscriptions (Nelson & van den Dam, 2010). Given the extraordinary explosion of mobile computing and wireless communications, continued advancements within the global telecommunication industry are certain. A number of trends drive this evolution including the advancement of devices and network access technology, changes

Wireless Communications is in the grand scheme of technological development, a rather recent event. But the quickness to which the market of cellular phones has expanded shows that some people have definitely embraced it as a

In this smart world there is a rapid growth in using mobile network for requesting many queries, especially videos.Problem is more Base Staion (BS) is required for providing a continuous service, for the user to view videos without getting buffer, or in degrading of video quality. Since more BS are required, all BS has to be active all time, therefore energy requirement is more. It cause more power consumption, also if BS is reduced for save power it leads to poor quality of service(QOS). During peak traffic load during rush hours, wireless access network must be over deployed. It requires lot of BS to be active even when many times slots in a BS are free while providing service. Also, in a low-traffic period, the user will not request any data, but the BS have to be active.

As such, The particular consideration in the advertising plus the imagination in the general public include grabbed by it. During the last few years,Cell phone devices have received dramatical increase as well as there are at present close to a pair of billion dollars usersworld-wide. Indeed, in many formulated countries, cellular phones are getting to be an essential company deviceas well as a part of everyday life, as well as in many creating countries, cellular phones tend to be easily supplantingantiquated wireline

Wireless LANs have expanded greatly and rapidly in recent years. The expansio¬¬¬¬¬n has caused many benefits to the end users but at the same time it has introduced problem of overlapping BSS (Basic Service Set) where BSS (i.e. WLAN cells) is fundamental block of IEEE 802.11 WLAN architecture. OBSS occurs due to two or more unrelated BSSs are used at the same place, at the same time and with the same frequency channel. With the expansion of channel bandwidth to 80 MHz (may be, 160 MHz) in upcoming standards, the OBSS problem is likely to be very severe in the future. This paper examines how OBSS can be harmful to the networks and how it can be avoided using beam forming, distributed coordination across different APs, and power management.

The industry has grown very rapidly in the last decade due to intense competition and was exposed to immense technological advancement possibilities as well. Considering the growth rate and current market state; the telecommunications of Bangladesh has the following implication of Porter’s diamond model, which is further explained below in details:

"A Call for Progress" describes the need and importance of telecommunication in today's world. It helps many people in exploring different opportunities. Unfortunately, this industry is in the hands of state-run monopolies who are inefficient in this sector with a staff which is poorly motivated. However, the introduction of cell phone has enabled the consumers to avoid the bane of landline service.

Some 310 billion mobile app downloads are expected by Q1/2016, and 70% of smartphones will be 802.11acready by Q2/2015. And let’s not forget about tablets – they consume 3.4-times more traffic compared to a smartphone on average. Networks must contend with this higher demand. Enterprises have also grown more reliant on higher bandwidth, latency-sensitive applications. For example, virtual desktop infrastructures (VDI) are characterized by bursty, delay-sensitive traffic because processing occurs in the data center instead of locally. HD video-capable mobile devices are proliferating. And users increasingly rely on them for fast and efficient mobile telepresence. Collaborative programs like Microsoft Lync, Apple FaceTime, WebEx and Citrix GoToMeeting create two-way video traffic across the network. The use of podcasting and streaming has also skyrocketed. It is therefore only natural to see a huge increase in the consumption of multimedia on mobile devices in the residence hall. Due to the pervasiveness of wireless in some environments, the smart classroom has now become virtualized, which allows its capabilities to be delivered anywhere there is capacity to receive it. The 80/20 rule for download and upload direction no longer exists. New app behavior has completely transformed traffic patterns. For example, smartphones synchronize all photos to cloud-based storage when a user walks into a building and connects to a Wi-Fi

Pacific Bangladesh Telecom Limited (PBTL) is the first mobile phone service provider in the Indian subcontinent. In spite of this, PBTL could not be the market leader in the telecom industry, as of now. The growth rate of the company is slow. The subscriber base suggests the company is already in the 5th position among the 6 active mobile operators. There are already 100 million mobile users in

Since cell phones communicate through radio waves, being able to connect to the series of network towers or base stations is a primary factor that affects communication performance. Once the phone is turned on, the interconnection search for a tower is automatic. Physical movement of the phone determines which tower to use; but if the tower is at full capacity, it will drop the cell signal. In addition, signals are dropped when a tower running at full capacity and unable to extend or overlap the service area to another tower (p. 32). This is something that cell phone providers have no control over. The inability to connect creates a limitation known as the dreaded “dead zone.” Dead zones are known as dropped calls or “no service available” in certain areas. The best cell phone on the market is still reliant on the accessibility of the network base stations. Even the leading cellular service providers like T-Mobile, AT & T, Sprint, and Verizon are susceptible to dead zones.

The Latest advances in Wireless Communications have extended conceivable applications from straightforward voice services in early cell systems to new incorporated information applications. These days, numerous up to date cellular telephones are likewise incorporated with functionalities including FM radio, advanced camera, and MP3 player. Hence, the services upheld by mobile communications have extended from basic voice to sight and sound, for example, video conferencing and portable gaming. These new services require a higher service quality and also more prominent information rate. Moreover, with mobile access to the Internet, the expanding development in information movement will further drive the requirement for higher data transmission. Current foundations that bolster mostly voice activity are confronting an incredible test in meeting both the transmission capacity and quality of service requests of future mobile communication clients. For mobile communication, one concept with successful improvement is customary single-hop cell frameworks where a mobile station (MS) speaks specifically with a base station (BS) [1]. Another idea of mobile communication is multi hop ad hoc systems, which are infrastructure less, self-sorting out and quickly deployable with no site arranging, dissimilar to traditional cell systems.

Small cell backhaul connects small cells with mobile network operator. As mobile network operators begin to deploy growing numbers of small cells in order to meet the rapidly increasing demand for mobile data capacity, and to utilize the maximum spectrum we use backhaul. The major challenge facing them is how to provide efficient and cost-effective backhaul solution.

We are living in an electronic age. The whole world is taking a new turn with every fraction of time. It has given birth to globalization. The world has been contracted and concise at a tip. There are a lot of new means of communication which have made our life so simple and easy going. Mobile phone be the most used present-day phenomenon in this fast-growing time. Mobile phone is a revolutionary step in the field of tele-communication. We had the days when the telephones only served the purpose of communication through sound. Mobile phone has completely changed the concept of the telephoning. Now a phone is not only a mere phone but it is a lot. The mobile phone has changed how people’s minds work.

Moreover, the cost of implementing WiMAX is low, yet plentiful bandwidth to limited or nonexistent areas. For its power supply, WiMAX provides sleep mode in order to extend battery life and power efficiency. Tests of WiMAX coupled with WiFi versus satellite systems have been conducted to evaluate the performance. The result showed that satellite had weaker connection, while WiMAX met the expected performance. Nevertheless, a maximum of four users could log onto the network and maintain high quality calls in some circumstances. Fast data rates and extended coverage, flexible allocation of radio signals, low power consumption, data-casting and audio and video streams, and channel switching are all benefits of WiMAX and WiFi which are critical for natural disaster communication (Certain & Liu, 2013).

Let me begin by saying that the advent of mobile phones has been one of the unique features of modern day information technology (IT) technologies. It has been so, for all sections of the people all over the world, particularly those of the business community, traders both big and small. It has given a new dimension to personal communication helping people to be in touch with one another during times of sickness in the family or an emerging crisis. Here in Bangladesh there are yet other specific uses of mobile phones, like monitoring and getting in touch to know the whereabouts of one's near and dear ones during riots and road blocks, vandalism on the streets including the unprecedented traffic jams. Besides, mobile phones also come handy