Logical Fallacies

Liz Addison’s essay, Two Years Are Better than Four, was published on September 26, 2007, in the New York Times Magazine’s college essay contest. The essay was only a response to Rick Perlstein’s opinionative article, “What’s the Matter with College?” in which he argues that the college experience is no longer exists. Addison’s essay contains both weaknesses and strengths throughout her claim, title, opposition, common ground, and evidence. Addision’s claim is stated fairly throughout her essay, but of course, it is more coherent in the beginning of her essay, “For Mr. Perlstein, so rooted in his own nostalgia, is looking for himself – and he would never think to look for himself in the one place left where the college experience of self-discovery

As an English teacher at Wellesley High School, in the accomplished community of Wellesley, Massachusetts, David McCullough, Jr. confronts the paradox of reality versus the popular assumptions perpetuated by well-meaning parents and delivered a shockingly poignant attack on the Wellesley High School graduates’ self-perception and preparedness. In addition, he outlined the parents’ role in creating and maintaining this deception. Mr. McCullough used his knowledge and insight of the Twenty-first Century youth culture, humor, and steadfast opinion that his target audience of high school graduates is aphoristically, NOT SPECIAL. However, Mr. McCullough limited his audience’s sensitivity to his assertion using ethics, logic and pathos and later provides a positive, passionate and humanistic world view of how to have a well-lived life.

Logical Fallacies can be found in many forms of persuasions, in infomercials, political debates, common discussion, everywhere. Although Logical Fallacies are very common, they mar our arguments and should be avoided. In order to avoid them we must first learn to recognize them. To fully understand Logical Fallacies, we will look at the definition of Logical Fallacies, some examples of Logical Fallacies, classifications of Logical Fallacies, and finally why we should, and how we can, avoid them.

Galileo Galilei, an Italian polymath, once said, “You cannot teach a man anything; you can only help him find it within himself.” After graduating college, many students feel anxious about the new chapter of their lives they’re about to begin. Students are bound by a curriculum since primary school, guidelines they conform to all their lives in order to walk across a stage with a degree in hand. However, these individuals are seldom able to explore the passions inside of them that shape their aspirations throughout their time in the education system. Instead, they reflect on their college years of staying up all night to write final papers. Finals papers students have revised and edited a multitude of times in order to produce a paper that adheres to a rubric and, once again, conforming to another set of guidelines. In Donovan Livingston’s Harvard Graduate School of Education Commencement Speech, “Lift Off”, Livingston uses rhetorical devices such as alliteration, allusion, and metaphor to reinforce his message that students should not be limited by the confines of the education system, but that the education system should be supporting and guiding students towards reaching their full potential by the time they step out into the real world.

What are logical fallacies, evidence, and error in misconceptions? The report will identify nine logical fallacies. If all evidence in an argument appears to be true, still the disputation may be invalid if the logic utilized is not sanctioned (“Logical Fallacies,” 2014). Another name for it is called logical error, in philosophy. There are many fallacies to be aware of when making a sound argument. The nine logical fallacies are Mere assertion/Circular reasoning/Ad hominem, Red herring/Pseudo-questions/False cause, and Sweeping generalizations/Slippery slope/Equivocation or changing means. `

(TS) There are many examples of logical fallacies in this year’s presidential campaign, but one of the main ones is Ad hominem or Name-Calling, which can be seen in many instances in presidential debates, particularly by Donald Trump, and other times when one candidate is asked to speak about the other. Understanding these fallacies and being able to spot them will help you find whom would be the superior candidate. (PS)Name-Calling is shown when Donald Trump repeatedly insulted Hillary Clinton’s character and has also made several sexist remarks, which shows that Donald Trump is making a weak argument and trying to back it up by insulting the competition. (SS)One of Donald Trump’s most common insults towards Hillary Clinton is calling her

It is crucial to understand logical fallacies so that they can be identified and avoided when persuading. If you can do this you know its not a strong argument or real evidence. You’ll also be able to identify the logical fallacy when applied to sale tactics or political campaigns. With these steps its important so you can have a better

But Tennyson high students, in general, struggle to have a college going atmosphere. The majority of our students, like Ruby, will be first generation college students. Ruby has peers to compete with but not as many as other schools would have. When talking to her I find that she doesn’t even realize her disadvantages. She continues to expect high results from herself in AP courses, rather than being satisfied with being enrolled in these courses. Her brother is her view to higher education and an example to follow, but she is paving her own way to college. Ruby is expanding her family’s view of college and what can achieved as college students. Ruby is becoming for her family and our school the example to follow.

In fallacies of relevance the premises are considered to be logically irrelevant to the conclusion. However, they are psychologically or emotionally relevant to the conclusion. Often the argument is based on the threat of harm and is not relevant to the argument itself. An argument commits the fallacy of appeal to force when force, coercion, or threat of force is used in place of a reason in an attempt to justify a conclusion. Since the coercion in this argument is not being used as a reason but as a fact or consequence, it is not fallacious, especially since a legitimate reason is given with the threat directed. Since this appeal is to a relevant authority and it discusses topics that we lack the ability to summon the necessary evidence it

There are various types of fallacies that can cause an argument to be weak or invalid. Fallacies are mistaken beliefs based on unsound arguments. Discussed during the course of this essay are three specific types of logical fallacies, and the key roles they play in thinking and decision making. Those logical fallacies to be discussed are universal statements, bandwagon appeal, and guilt by association. In order for one to avoid being misled, by flawed reasoning, one should be able to identify and call out unreliable logic wherever it may appear.

When it comes to the genre of persuasion, whether it be a speech you are giving to sway the views of your peers, or writing a letter to request a change or call to action, you want the listeners and readers to feel the same way you do about a topic. To do this, you want to apply sound logic and back up your information with strong research to support it… but your ideas may be ruined by what is called a “logical fallacy.”

A logical fallacy is the use of flaw reasoning that will undermine the argument’s logical validity. Fallacies can be either invalid arguments or irrelevant points, which are frequently identified because it lacks evidence that supports one’s claim.

I have been making many arguments in my life, in which I used to have logical fallacy because the arguments look good when it is not. For example, the marketing technique “Buy one and get one free” according to the economist Alex Tabarrok “Customers are very appealed to buy one, get one free deals because they are getting something for free and they decide to snap it up because it is free. This is effective for retailers because more of their products get sold. This is done a lot when certain products are not selling at full price or there is a lot of stock. Many times customers are misguided and led to believe that it is a very good deal when in fact it is not. Originally the item will be priced quite high and then when the offer is put on

At times, I had a good reason to use fallacies, especially when I debated someone over a popular issue. However, I must be careful because if my opponent is a good debater, then he or she will be sure to correct my facts. This type of fallacy can be referred to as the straw man fallacy. Occasionally, I have used the straw man fallacy if someone else’s opinion is not too far from thinking the same as me.

Currently these entries are the most common logical fallacies. If you want to know what is a logical fallacy you can read the definition of logical fallacies here.